Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Multitask Hopfield Networks

verfasst von : Marco Frasca, Giuliano Grossi, Giorgio Valentini

Erschienen in: Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Multitask algorithms typically use task similarity information as a bias to speed up and improve the performance of learning processes. Tasks are learned jointly, sharing information across them, in order to construct models more accurate than those learned separately over single tasks. In this contribution, we present the first multitask model, to our knowledge, based on Hopfield Networks (HNs), named HoMTask. We show that by appropriately building a unique HN embedding all tasks, a more robust and effective classification model can be learned. HoMTask is a transductive semi-supervised parametric HN, that minimizes an energy function extended to all nodes and to all tasks under study. We provide theoretical evidence that the optimal parameters automatically estimated by HoMTask make coherent the model itself with the prior knowledge (connection weights and node labels). The convergence properties of HNs are preserved, and the fixed point reached by the network dynamics gives rise to the prediction of unlabeled nodes. The proposed model improves the classification abilities of singletask HNs on a preliminary benchmark comparison, and achieves competitive performance with state-of-the-art semi-supervised graph-based algorithms.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Altman, N.S.: An introduction to kernel and nearest-neighbor nonparametric regression. Am. Stat. 46(3), 175–185 (1992)MathSciNet Altman, N.S.: An introduction to kernel and nearest-neighbor nonparametric regression. Am. Stat. 46(3), 175–185 (1992)MathSciNet
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ando, R.K., Zhang, T.: A framework for learning predictive structures from multiple tasks and unlabeled data. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 6, 1817–1853 (2005)MathSciNetMATH Ando, R.K., Zhang, T.: A framework for learning predictive structures from multiple tasks and unlabeled data. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 6, 1817–1853 (2005)MathSciNetMATH
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Argyriou, A., Evgeniou, T., Pontil, M.: Convex multi-task feature learning. Mach. Learn. 73(3), 243–272 (2008)CrossRef Argyriou, A., Evgeniou, T., Pontil, M.: Convex multi-task feature learning. Mach. Learn. 73(3), 243–272 (2008)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Argyriou, A., et al.: A spectral regularization framework for multi-task structure learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 25–32 (2007) Argyriou, A., et al.: A spectral regularization framework for multi-task structure learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 25–32 (2007)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Ashburner, M., et al.: Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The gene ontology consortium. Nat. Genet. 25(1), 25–29 (2000)CrossRef Ashburner, M., et al.: Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The gene ontology consortium. Nat. Genet. 25(1), 25–29 (2000)CrossRef
6.
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen, J., Zhou, J., Ye, J.: Integrating low-rank and group-sparse structures for robust multi-task learning. In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 42–50. ACM (2011) Chen, J., Zhou, J., Ye, J.: Integrating low-rank and group-sparse structures for robust multi-task learning. In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 42–50. ACM (2011)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Daumé III, H.: Bayesian multitask learning with latent hierarchies. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pp. 135–142. AUAI Press (2009) Daumé III, H.: Bayesian multitask learning with latent hierarchies. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pp. 135–142. AUAI Press (2009)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Evgeniou, A., Pontil, M.: Multi-task feature learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 19, p. 41 (2007) Evgeniou, A., Pontil, M.: Multi-task feature learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 19, p. 41 (2007)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Evgeniou, T., Micchelli, C.A., Pontil, M.: Learning multiple tasks with kernel methods. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 6, 615–637 (2005)MathSciNetMATH Evgeniou, T., Micchelli, C.A., Pontil, M.: Learning multiple tasks with kernel methods. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 6, 615–637 (2005)MathSciNetMATH
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Evgeniou, T., Pontil, M.: Regularized multi-task learning. In: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM SIGKDD KDD 2004, pp. 109–117. ACM (2004) Evgeniou, T., Pontil, M.: Regularized multi-task learning. In: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM SIGKDD KDD 2004, pp. 109–117. ACM (2004)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Frasca, M., Bertoni, A., et al.: A neural network algorithm for semi-supervised node label learning from unbalanced data. Neural Netw. 43, 84–98 (2013)MATHCrossRef Frasca, M., Bertoni, A., et al.: A neural network algorithm for semi-supervised node label learning from unbalanced data. Neural Netw. 43, 84–98 (2013)MATHCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Greene, W.H.: Econometric Analysis, 5th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2003) Greene, W.H.: Econometric Analysis, 5th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2003)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Guo, S., Zoeter, O., Archambeau, C.: Sparse bayesian multi-task learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 1755–1763 (2011) Guo, S., Zoeter, O., Archambeau, C.: Sparse bayesian multi-task learning. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 1755–1763 (2011)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Hopfield, J.J.: Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective compatational abilities. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2554–2558 (1982)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef Hopfield, J.J.: Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective compatational abilities. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2554–2558 (1982)MathSciNetMATHCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacob, L., Vert, J.P., Bach, F.R.: Clustered multi-task learning: a convex formulation. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 745–752 (2009) Jacob, L., Vert, J.P., Bach, F.R.: Clustered multi-task learning: a convex formulation. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 745–752 (2009)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, Y., Oron, T.R., et al.: An expanded evaluation of protein function prediction methods shows an improvement in accuracy. Genome Biol. 17(1), 184 (2016)CrossRef Jiang, Y., Oron, T.R., et al.: An expanded evaluation of protein function prediction methods shows an improvement in accuracy. Genome Biol. 17(1), 184 (2016)CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Kang, Z., Grauman, K., Sha, F.: Learning with whom to share in multi-task feature learning. In: Proceedings of the 28th ICML, pp. 521–528 (2011) Kang, Z., Grauman, K., Sha, F.: Learning with whom to share in multi-task feature learning. In: Proceedings of the 28th ICML, pp. 521–528 (2011)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Karaoz, U., et al.: Whole-genome annotation by using evidence integration in functional-linkage networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 2888–2893 (2004)CrossRef Karaoz, U., et al.: Whole-genome annotation by using evidence integration in functional-linkage networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 2888–2893 (2004)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Kordos, M., Duch, W.: Variable step search algorithm for feedforward networks. Neurocomputing 71(13–15), 2470–2480 (2008)CrossRef Kordos, M., Duch, W.: Variable step search algorithm for feedforward networks. Neurocomputing 71(13–15), 2470–2480 (2008)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Lan, L., Djuric, N., Guo, Y., Vucetic, S.: MS-kNN: protein function prediction by integrating multiple data sources. BMC Bioinform. 14(Suppl 3), S8 (2013)CrossRef Lan, L., Djuric, N., Guo, Y., Vucetic, S.: MS-kNN: protein function prediction by integrating multiple data sources. BMC Bioinform. 14(Suppl 3), S8 (2013)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Lovász, L.: Random walks on graphs: a survey. In: Miklós, D., Sós, V.T., Szőnyi, T. (eds.) Combinatorics, Paul Erdős is Eighty, Budapest, vol. 2, pp. 353–398 (1996) Lovász, L.: Random walks on graphs: a survey. In: Miklós, D., Sós, V.T., Szőnyi, T. (eds.) Combinatorics, Paul Erdős is Eighty, Budapest, vol. 2, pp. 353–398 (1996)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Mostafavi, S., Morris, Q.: Fast integration of heterogeneous data sources for predicting gene function with limited annotation. Bioinformatics 26(14), 1759–1765 (2010)CrossRef Mostafavi, S., Morris, Q.: Fast integration of heterogeneous data sources for predicting gene function with limited annotation. Bioinformatics 26(14), 1759–1765 (2010)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Ning, X., Karypis, G.: Multi-task learning for recommender system. In: Proceedings of 2nd Asian Conference on Machine Learning (ACML 2010), vol. 13, pp. 269–284 (2010) Ning, X., Karypis, G.: Multi-task learning for recommender system. In: Proceedings of 2nd Asian Conference on Machine Learning (ACML 2010), vol. 13, pp. 269–284 (2010)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Saito, T., Rehmsmeier, M.: The precision-recall plot is more informative than the ROC plot when evaluating binary classifiers on imbalanced datasets. PLoS ONE 10, e0118432 (2015)CrossRef Saito, T., Rehmsmeier, M.: The precision-recall plot is more informative than the ROC plot when evaluating binary classifiers on imbalanced datasets. PLoS ONE 10, e0118432 (2015)CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwikowski, B., Uetz, P., Fields, S.: A network of protein-protein interactions in yeast. Nat. Biotechnol. 18(12), 1257–1261 (2000)CrossRef Schwikowski, B., Uetz, P., Fields, S.: A network of protein-protein interactions in yeast. Nat. Biotechnol. 18(12), 1257–1261 (2000)CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Szklarczyk, D., et al.: STRING v10: protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life. Nucl. Acids Res. 43(D1), D447–D452 (2015)CrossRef Szklarczyk, D., et al.: STRING v10: protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life. Nucl. Acids Res. 43(D1), D447–D452 (2015)CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Valentini, G., et al.: RANKS: a flexible tool for node label ranking and classification in biological networks. Bioinformatics 32, 2872–2874 (2016)CrossRef Valentini, G., et al.: RANKS: a flexible tool for node label ranking and classification in biological networks. Bioinformatics 32, 2872–2874 (2016)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Vascon, S., Frasca, M., Tripodi, R., Valentini, G., Pelillo, M.: Protein function prediction as a graph-transduction game. Pattern Recogn. Lett. (2018, in press) Vascon, S., Frasca, M., Tripodi, R., Valentini, G., Pelillo, M.: Protein function prediction as a graph-transduction game. Pattern Recogn. Lett. (2018, in press)
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Xue, Y., Liao, X., Carin, L., Krishnapuram, B.: Multi-task learning for classification with Dirichlet process priors. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 8, 35–63 (2007)MathSciNetMATH Xue, Y., Liao, X., Carin, L., Krishnapuram, B.: Multi-task learning for classification with Dirichlet process priors. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 8, 35–63 (2007)MathSciNetMATH
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, K., Tresp, V., Schwaighofer, A.: Learning Gaussian process from multiple tasks. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 1012–1019. ACM (2005) Yu, K., Tresp, V., Schwaighofer, A.: Learning Gaussian process from multiple tasks. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 1012–1019. ACM (2005)
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, S., Tresp, V., Yu, K.: Robust multi-task learning with t-processes. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 1103–1110. ACM (2007) Yu, S., Tresp, V., Yu, K.: Robust multi-task learning with t-processes. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 1103–1110. ACM (2007)
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, Y., Schneider, J.G.: Learning multiple tasks with a sparse matrix-normal penalty. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 2550–2558 (2010) Zhang, Y., Schneider, J.G.: Learning multiple tasks with a sparse matrix-normal penalty. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 2550–2558 (2010)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou, J., Chen, J., Ye, J.: Clustered multi-task learning via alternating structure optimization. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 702–710 (2011) Zhou, J., Chen, J., Ye, J.: Clustered multi-task learning via alternating structure optimization. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 702–710 (2011)
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu, X., et al.: Semi-supervised learning with Gaussian fields and harmonic functions. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 912–919 (2003) Zhu, X., et al.: Semi-supervised learning with Gaussian fields and harmonic functions. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 912–919 (2003)
Metadaten
Titel
Multitask Hopfield Networks
verfasst von
Marco Frasca
Giuliano Grossi
Giorgio Valentini
Copyright-Jahr
2020
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46147-8_21