Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Tribology Letters 3/2013

01.12.2013 | Original Paper

New Insight into the Relationship Between Molecular Effects and the Rheological Behavior of Polymer-Thickened Lubricants Under High Pressure

verfasst von: C. Mary, D. Philippon, L. Lafarge, D. Laurent, F. Rondelez, S. Bair, P. Vergne

Erschienen in: Tribology Letters | Ausgabe 3/2013

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The effects of temperature, pressure and shear stress on the viscosity of simplified automotive lubricants—polymer-thickened base oil solutions—were investigated. Various polymers—with different molecular weights and conformations (comb, linear and star)—were used at low concentration (1.2 % w/w) in a hydrocracked mineral base oil: a poly(alkylmethacrylate), an olefin copolymer and a poly(isoprene-styrene hydrogenated). Their rheological behavior was studied and modeled with a Vogel-Tamman and Fulcher equation, a modified Williams-Landel-Ferry-Yasutomi relationship and a Carreau-Yasuda-like formula. Then, the Einstein’s law was used to rapidly and simply determine the hydrodynamic radii of polymers as a function of temperature and pressure. Calculations from Flory equations, intrinsic viscosities and direct measurements confirmed the relevance of this methodology. Finally, molecular considerations allowed a good understanding of the rheological response of polymer solutions.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Andrade, E.N.D.C.: The viscosity of liquids. Nature 125, 309–310 (1930)CrossRef Andrade, E.N.D.C.: The viscosity of liquids. Nature 125, 309–310 (1930)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Angell, C.A.: Formation of glasses from liquids and biopolymers. Science 276, 1924–1935 (1995)CrossRef Angell, C.A.: Formation of glasses from liquids and biopolymers. Science 276, 1924–1935 (1995)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Asme pressure–viscosity report. American Society of Mechanical Engineers I & II (1953) Asme pressure–viscosity report. American Society of Mechanical Engineers I & II (1953)
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S.: Measurements of real non-newtonian response for liquid lubricants under moderate pressures. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol. 215(3), 223–233 (2001)CrossRef Bair, S.: Measurements of real non-newtonian response for liquid lubricants under moderate pressures. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol. 215(3), 223–233 (2001)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S.: High-pressure rheology for quantitative elastohydrodynamics. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam (2007) Bair, S.: High-pressure rheology for quantitative elastohydrodynamics. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam (2007)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S., Khonsari, M.: An ehd inlet zone analysis incorporating the second newtonian. J. Tribol. 118(2), 341–343 (1996)CrossRef Bair, S., Khonsari, M.: An ehd inlet zone analysis incorporating the second newtonian. J. Tribol. 118(2), 341–343 (1996)CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S., Mary, C., Bouscharain, N., Vergne, P.: An improved Yasutomi correlation for viscosity at high pressure. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol. 227(9), 1056–1060 (2013) Bair, S., Mary, C., Bouscharain, N., Vergne, P.: An improved Yasutomi correlation for viscosity at high pressure. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol. 227(9), 1056–1060 (2013)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S., Winer, W.: Some observations on the relationship between lubricant mechanical and dielectric transitions under pressure. J. Lubr. Technol. 102(2), 229–234 (1980)CrossRef Bair, S., Winer, W.: Some observations on the relationship between lubricant mechanical and dielectric transitions under pressure. J. Lubr. Technol. 102(2), 229–234 (1980)CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S., Kottke, P., Winer, W.: Cavitation in creeping shear flows. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. AIChE J 51, 2150–2170 (2005)CrossRef Bair, S., Kottke, P., Winer, W.: Cavitation in creeping shear flows. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. AIChE J 51, 2150–2170 (2005)CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Bair, S., Vergne, P., Querry, M.: A unified shear-thinning treatment of both film thickness and traction in EHD. Tribol. Lett. 18(2), 145–152 (2005)CrossRef Bair, S., Vergne, P., Querry, M.: A unified shear-thinning treatment of both film thickness and traction in EHD. Tribol. Lett. 18(2), 145–152 (2005)CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Barlow, A.J., Erginsav, A., Lamb, J.: Viscoelastic relaxation in liquid mixtures. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Math. Phys. Sci. A309(1499), 473–496 (1969)CrossRef Barlow, A.J., Erginsav, A., Lamb, J.: Viscoelastic relaxation in liquid mixtures. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Math. Phys. Sci. A309(1499), 473–496 (1969)CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Barnes, H., Hutton, J., Walters, K.: An introduction to rheology. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam (1989) Barnes, H., Hutton, J., Walters, K.: An introduction to rheology. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam (1989)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Berthe, D., Vergne, P.: High pressure rheology for high pressure lubrication: a review. J. Rheol. 34(8), 1387–1414 (1990)CrossRef Berthe, D., Vergne, P.: High pressure rheology for high pressure lubrication: a review. J. Rheol. 34(8), 1387–1414 (1990)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Boutris, C., Chatzi, E., Kiparissides, C.: Characterization of the LCST behaviour of aqueous poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) solutions by thermal and cloud point techniques. Polymer 38(10), 2567–2570 (1997)CrossRef Boutris, C., Chatzi, E., Kiparissides, C.: Characterization of the LCST behaviour of aqueous poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) solutions by thermal and cloud point techniques. Polymer 38(10), 2567–2570 (1997)CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Brandrup, J., Immergut, E.H., Wohlfarth, C.: Handbook of chemistry and physics—upper critical (UCST) and lower critical (LCST) solution temperatures of binary polymer solutions, vol. 88th ed. CRC (2007–2008) Brandrup, J., Immergut, E.H., Wohlfarth, C.: Handbook of chemistry and physics—upper critical (UCST) and lower critical (LCST) solution temperatures of binary polymer solutions, vol. 88th ed. CRC (2007–2008)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Briant, J., Denis, J., Parc, G.: Propriétés rhéologiques des lubrifiants. Publications de l’institut français du pétrole (1985) Briant, J., Denis, J., Parc, G.: Propriétés rhéologiques des lubrifiants. Publications de l’institut français du pétrole (1985)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Colby, R.H.: Structure and linear viscoelasticity of flexible polymer solutions: comparison of polyelectrolyte and neutral polymer solutions. Rheol. Acta 49(5), 425–442 (2010)CrossRef Colby, R.H.: Structure and linear viscoelasticity of flexible polymer solutions: comparison of polyelectrolyte and neutral polymer solutions. Rheol. Acta 49(5), 425–442 (2010)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Cowie, J., Arrighi, V.: Polymers: Chemistry and physics of modern materials, vol. 50. Taylor & Francis, Contemporary Physics (2009) Cowie, J., Arrighi, V.: Polymers: Chemistry and physics of modern materials, vol. 50. Taylor & Francis, Contemporary Physics (2009)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat De Gennes, P.G.: Scaling concepts in polymer physics. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY (1979) De Gennes, P.G.: Scaling concepts in polymer physics. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY (1979)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Eyring, H.: Viscosity, plasticity, and diffusion as examples of absolute reaction rates. J. Chem. Phys. 4(4), 283–291 (1936)CrossRef Eyring, H.: Viscosity, plasticity, and diffusion as examples of absolute reaction rates. J. Chem. Phys. 4(4), 283–291 (1936)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Flory, P.J.: Principles of polymer chemistry. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY (1953) Flory, P.J.: Principles of polymer chemistry. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY (1953)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Fujimatsu, H., Ogasawara, S., Kuroiwa, S.: Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and theta temperature of aqueous solutions of nonionic surface active agents of various polyoxyethylene chain lengths. Colloid Polym. Sci. 266, 594–600 (1988)CrossRef Fujimatsu, H., Ogasawara, S., Kuroiwa, S.: Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and theta temperature of aqueous solutions of nonionic surface active agents of various polyoxyethylene chain lengths. Colloid Polym. Sci. 266, 594–600 (1988)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Glass, J.E., Schulz, D.N., Zukoski, C.F.: Polymers as rheology modifiers. ACS, Washington, DC (1991) Glass, J.E., Schulz, D.N., Zukoski, C.F.: Polymers as rheology modifiers. ACS, Washington, DC (1991)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Habchi, W., Vergne, P., Bair, S., Andersson, O., Eyheramendy, D., Morales-Espejel, G.: Influence of pressure and temperature dependence of thermal properties of a lubricant on the behaviour of circular TEHD contacts. Tribol. Int. 43(10), 1842–1850 (2010)CrossRef Habchi, W., Vergne, P., Bair, S., Andersson, O., Eyheramendy, D., Morales-Espejel, G.: Influence of pressure and temperature dependence of thermal properties of a lubricant on the behaviour of circular TEHD contacts. Tribol. Int. 43(10), 1842–1850 (2010)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Hansen, C.M.: The three dimensional solubility parameter and solvent diffusion coefficient: their importance in surface coating formulation. Copenhagen Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen (1967) Hansen, C.M.: The three dimensional solubility parameter and solvent diffusion coefficient: their importance in surface coating formulation. Copenhagen Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen (1967)
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Harris, K., Bair, S.: Temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity of diisodecyl phthalate at temperatures between (0 and 100) °C and at pressures to 1 GPa. J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 272–278 (2007)CrossRef Harris, K., Bair, S.: Temperature and pressure dependence of the viscosity of diisodecyl phthalate at temperatures between (0 and 100) °C and at pressures to 1 GPa. J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 272–278 (2007)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Huggins, M.L.: The viscosity of dilute solutions of long-chain molecules. IV. Dependence on concentration. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64(11), 2716–2718 (1942)CrossRef Huggins, M.L.: The viscosity of dilute solutions of long-chain molecules. IV. Dependence on concentration. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64(11), 2716–2718 (1942)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Kraemer, E.O.: Molecular weights of celluloses and cellulose derivates. Ind. Eng. Chem. 30(10), 1200–1203 (1938)CrossRef Kraemer, E.O.: Molecular weights of celluloses and cellulose derivates. Ind. Eng. Chem. 30(10), 1200–1203 (1938)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Macosko, C.: Rheology Principles, Measurements and Applications. Wiley-VCH, New York (1994) Macosko, C.: Rheology Principles, Measurements and Applications. Wiley-VCH, New York (1994)
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Martin, A.F.: Cellulose and cellulose derivatives. In: Memphis Meeting of the American Chemical Society, p. 966 (1942) Martin, A.F.: Cellulose and cellulose derivatives. In: Memphis Meeting of the American Chemical Society, p. 966 (1942)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Mortier, R., Fox, M., Orszulik, S.: Chemistry and technology of lubricants. Springer Science (2010) Mortier, R., Fox, M., Orszulik, S.: Chemistry and technology of lubricants. Springer Science (2010)
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Petera, D., Muthukumar, M.: Brownian dynamics simulation of bead–rod chains under shear with hydrodynamic interaction. J. Chem. Phys. 111(16), 7614–7623 (1999)CrossRef Petera, D., Muthukumar, M.: Brownian dynamics simulation of bead–rod chains under shear with hydrodynamic interaction. J. Chem. Phys. 111(16), 7614–7623 (1999)CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Taylor, R.I.: Tribology and energy efficiency: from molecules to lubricated contacts to complete machines. R. Soc. Chem. 156, 1–22 (2012) Taylor, R.I.: Tribology and energy efficiency: from molecules to lubricated contacts to complete machines. R. Soc. Chem. 156, 1–22 (2012)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Williams, M.L., Landel, R.F., Ferry, J.D.: The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77(14), 3701–3707 (1955)CrossRef Williams, M.L., Landel, R.F., Ferry, J.D.: The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77(14), 3701–3707 (1955)CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolf, B.A.: Improvement of polymer solubility: influence of shear and of pressure. Pure Appl. Chem. 69(5), 929–933 (1997)CrossRef Wolf, B.A.: Improvement of polymer solubility: influence of shear and of pressure. Pure Appl. Chem. 69(5), 929–933 (1997)CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolf, B.A.: Polyelectrolytes revisited: reliable determination of intrinsic viscosities. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 28(2), 164–170 (2007)CrossRef Wolf, B.A.: Polyelectrolytes revisited: reliable determination of intrinsic viscosities. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 28(2), 164–170 (2007)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Yasutomi, S., Bair, S., Winer, W.: An application of a free volume model to lubricant rheology. I: dependence of viscosity on temperature and pressure. II: variation in viscosity of binary blended lubricants. ASME J. Tribol. 106, 291–312 (1984)CrossRef Yasutomi, S., Bair, S., Winer, W.: An application of a free volume model to lubricant rheology. I: dependence of viscosity on temperature and pressure. II: variation in viscosity of binary blended lubricants. ASME J. Tribol. 106, 291–312 (1984)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
New Insight into the Relationship Between Molecular Effects and the Rheological Behavior of Polymer-Thickened Lubricants Under High Pressure
verfasst von
C. Mary
D. Philippon
L. Lafarge
D. Laurent
F. Rondelez
S. Bair
P. Vergne
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2013
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Tribology Letters / Ausgabe 3/2013
Print ISSN: 1023-8883
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2711
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-013-0214-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2013

Tribology Letters 3/2013 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.