1 Introduction
Distance | Data rate | Modulation | Networking | Energy source | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conventional RFID | < 1 m | < 640 Kbps | Binary | Point-to-point | Dedicated |
Next generation BackCom | < 3 km | < 10 Mbps | Higher-order modulation | Multiple access and ad hoc | Dedicated and ambient |
2 BackCom basic principles and design tradeoffs
2.1 Architecture for BackCom
2.2 BackCom modes and modulation
2.3 Energy-rate tradeoff
3 Next generation BackCom system and network architectures
3.1 Multiple-access BackCom systems
3.2 Ad hoc BackCom systems
3.3 Power beacon and ambient RF powered BackCom systems
3.4 BackCom systems with technology conversion
3.5 Comparison with a traditional system
Sensor | MCU | Variable impedance | DAC | Mixer | Power amplifier | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy/power consumption | 0.1 μJ per sensing task | 2.5 μW | 0.1 μW | 15 μW | 0.1 mW | 50 mW |
BackCom IoT node |
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Traditional IoT node |
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