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2011 | Buch

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Optical Supercomputing

Third International Workshop, OSC 2010, Bertinoro, Italy, November 17-19, 2010, Revised Selected Papers

herausgegeben von: Shlomi Dolev, Mihai Oltean

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Optical SuperComputing, OSC 2010, held in Bertinoro, Italy, in November 2010. The 13 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this book. Being an annual forum for research presentations on all facets of optical computing for solving hard computation tasks, OCS addresses the following topics of interest: designs or demonstrations of optical computing devices, algorithmics and complexity issues of optical computing, computation representation by photons and holograms, neural and brain inspired architectures, electro-optic devices for interacting with optical computing devices, practical implementations, analysis of existing devices and case studies, optical photonics and laser switching technologies, optical and photonic memories, optical signal processing subsystems, optical networks for high-performance computing, optical interconnections, quantum optical systems, applications and algorithms for optical devices, Alpha particles, X-rays, and nano-technologies for optical computing.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Integrated Photonic Micro Logic Gate

Abstract

In this paper we present an approach for realizing an integrated all-optical logic gate. The basic principle is based upon stimulated emission process generated in an active gain medium while special interferometric photonic wave-guiding structure allows the realization of an integrated micro scale device. The operation rate of the proposed approach can theoretically reach tens of Tera-Hertz.

Arkady Rudnitsky, Asaf Shahmoon, Menachem Nathan, Moshe Nazarathy, Bar Larom, Alexander Martucci, Luca Businaro, Annamaria Gerardino, Zeev Zalevsky

An Optical System for Prime Factorization Based on Parallel Processing

Abstract

A method for optical parallel processing in an algorithm for prime factorization is proposed as a brief announcement. In this method, amplitude modulation is utilized whereas our conventional method is based on phase modulation. The proposed method is suitable for the optical Fourier transform. This feature is considered to be useful in prime factorization. Basic concept of the proposed method is shown in this report.

Kouichi Nitta, Osamu Matoba

Optical Graph 3-Colorability

Abstract

The graph 3-colorability problem is a decision problem in graph theory which asks if it is possible to assign a color to each vertex of a given graph using at most three colors, satisfying the condition that every two adjacent vertices have different colors. It has been proved that the graph 3-colorability problem belongs to NP-complete class of problems which no polynomial resources solution is found for them yet.

In this paper, a novel optical solution to the graph 3-colorability problem is provided. In this solution, polynomial number of black filters are created in preprocessing phase each of which has exponential size and requires exponential time to be created. After preprocessing phase, the provided solution takes O(n + m) time to decide if a given graph is 3-colorable or not, where the given graph has n vertices and m edges.

Sama Goliaei, Saeed Jalili

Solving a Generalized Version of the Exact Cover Problem with a Light-Based Device

Abstract

We propose a light-based device that is capable of solving a generalized version of the exact cover problem.

S. M. Shabab Hossain, Md. Mahmudur Rahman, M. Sohel Rahman

All-Optical Reconfigurable Logic Unit with Optically Controlled Microcavity Switches

Abstract

We propose an all-optical reconfigurable logic unit based on optically controlled microcavity switches that can execute different logic and arithmetic operations on the same hardware with different configuration. Theoretical designs considering bacteriorhodopsin protein-coated microcavities in a tree architecture have been presented. The combined advantages of high Q-factor, tunability, compactness, low-power control signals and flexibility of cascading switches to form circuits, makes the designs promising for practical applications.

Mohit Prasad, Sukhdev Roy

Simulation and Optimized Design of High Density Optical Crossconnect Systems for Massively Parallel Computing Architectures

Abstract

We demonstrate the simulation results of a skewless high density approach for a multi-channel optical cross connect using integrated free-space optics. Using the 3D nature of free-space optics, this approach is able to solve geometrical problems with static crossings of the signal paths that occur in waveguide optical and electrical interconnection, especially for large number of connections.

Ulrich Lohmann, Jürgen Jahns, Steffen Limmer, Dietmar Fey

An Optical Solution for the SAT Problem

Abstract

We describe a delay-based optical device for solving the the Satisfiability problem. The device has a graph structure which is traversed by light in order to generate a solution. The device has 2 special nodes: a start node (where the initial pulse is sent) and a destination node (where the solution is read). Multiple signals are expected at the destination. Some of them contain valid solutions and others do not. A special, time filter, is proposed in order to detect a solution. Graphical simulations show how the device works.

Mihai Oltean, Oana Muntean

Compressive Sensing of Object-Signature

Abstract

Compressive sensing is a new framework for signal acquisition, compression, and processing. Of specific interest are two-dimensional signals such as images where an optical unit performs the acquisition and compression (i.e., compressive sensing or compressive imaging). The signal reconstruction and processing can be done by optical signal processing and/or digital signal processing. In this paper we review the theoretical basis of compressive sensing, present an optical implementation of image acquisition, and introduce a new application of compressive sensing where the actual signals used in the compressive sensing process are image object-signature (an object-signature is a specific representation of an object). We detail the application of compressive sensing to image object-signature and show the potential of compressive sensing to compress the data through analysis of several methods for obtaining signature and evaluation of the rate/distortions results of different compression methods including compressive sensing applied to object-signature.

Dan E. Tamir, Natan T. Shaked, Wilhelmus J. Geerts, Shlomi Dolev

Optics Goes Where No Electronics Can Go: Zero-Energy-Dissipation Logic

Abstract

Optical computing has a seemingly eternal problem. It always appears to be in competition with electronic computing. Moore’s law and the advantages of digital over analog processing make pure electronics superior in almost every case. Optical computing uses come when the signal is already in the optical domain or when it is used to reduce the heat load in hybrid optical-electronic chips. I describe here work done with a number of bright opticists and logicians over the last four years that produces using optics logic that dissipates no energy and accommodates whatever bandwidth the input and output laser modulation affords. Moreover, we can show why electronics alone can never accomplish those important properties.

H. John Caulfield

Nanotechnology Based Optical Solution for NP-Hard Problems

(Extended Abstract)

Abstract

We present a design for a micro optical architecture for solving instances of NP-hard problems, using nano-technology. The architecture is using pre-processed masks to block some of the light propagating through them. We demonstrate how such a device could be used to solve instances of Hamiltonian-cycle and the Permanent problems.

Eyal Cohen, Shlomi Dolev, Sergey Frenkel, Rami Puzis, Michael Rosenblit

Holographic Computation of Balanced Succinct Permanent Instances

(Extended Abstract)

Abstract

Galperin and Wigderson proposed a succinct representation for graphs, that uses number of bits that is logarithmic in the number of nodes. They proved complexity results for various decision problems on graph properties, when the graph is given in a succinct representation. Later, Papadimitriou and Yannakakis showed, that under the same succinct encoding method, certain class of decision problems on graph properties becomes exponentially hard. In this paper we consider the complexity of the Permanent problem when the graph/matrix is given in a restricted succinct representation. We present an optical architecture that is based on the holographic concept for solving balanced succinct permanent problem. Holography enables to have exponential copying (roughly, n ×n in each iteration) rather than constant copying (e.g., doubling in each iteration).

Shlomi Dolev, Nova Fandina, Joseph Rosen

Being Analog

Abstract

The conventional wisdom has been that artificial intelligence is all about algorithms, and therefore restricted by the Turing model of computation. In fact embodied machines (those that interact with the outside world via sensors and actuators) cannot reasonably be modelled as being ‘digital’ in the conventional sense, or even as Turing machines. Far from being a disadvantage, by understanding and exploiting analog nature of these machines we have the opportunity to increase power efficiency, improve learning and discrimination, and provide better adaptability to changing circumstances.

Sunny Bains

Exceeding the Diffraction and the Geometric Limits of Imaging Systems: A Review

Abstract

In this review paper we explain the diffraction and the geometric related limits of an imaging system and discuss several practical techniques to overcome those limitations.

Zeev Zalevsky

Backmatter

Titel: Optical Supercomputing
herausgegeben von: Shlomi Dolev
Mihai Oltean
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-22494-2
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-22493-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22494-2