Preservation and Maintenance of the Odesa’s Historical Building Heritage – Nowadays Problem

The article is devoted to the problem of Odesa historical buildings’ preservation. According to the Law of Ukraine about Protection of the Cultural Heritage (2000), we can call the Vorontsov Lighthouse, National Academic Theatre of Opera & Ballet and the Factory of sparkling wines the objects of historical and cultural heritage of Odesa. The article presents the results of the preservation monitoring (based on the reports) of these buildings. Reports were performed by employees of the Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture during 1990–2019. A huge number of negative factors had an impact on historical buildings. One of the most important structures of the building is its underground part. The variability of the soil is one of the main causes of structural damage. Foundations’ settlement monitoring and control of the structures durability with non-destructive and micro-invasive testing methods are being conducted. The article describes the historical facts of building maintenance, which explain the reasons for the appearance of deformations.