Processes for the production of OME fuels

Poly(oxymethylene) ethers (OME) are synthetic diesel fuels, which show extremely low soot formation during combustions. They are heavily discussed as future climate-friendly alternative to fossil diesel fuels, e.g. via an e-fuel route. To put this discussion on solid grounds, it is important to look at how OME are actually produced. This paper given an overview of the technology for the production of OME. The raw materials and the roles of the intermediates (synthesis gas, methanol, formaldehyde, dimethyl ether, and trioxane) in the valued added chain toward OME are explained. Technically feasible process concepts are described and assessed regarding economics and energetic efficiency. Current and future research directions for finding novel, improved production routes are discussed, before the paper is concluded.