Rating Success

On the basis of these case studies, it must be amply clear that industrial policy and targeting were — and still are — extremely widespread and played a significant role. They have been applied to a very broad range of sectors and products, not only in manufacturing but also in mining, agriculture and services. The exercises involved not only MITI but many other ministries and agencies as well as key politicians. The number of companies which participated in one project or another is legion. And the outcome affected every Japanese (and many foreigners).