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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. RIS Aided MIMO Communications

verfasst von : Hongliang Zhang, Boya Di, Lingyang Song, Zhu Han

Erschienen in: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Empowered 6G

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

In this chapter, we will discuss how the performance will be in RIS-aided MIMO communications. In Sect. 2.1, we consider the physical constraint of RIS, where the number of the phase shift for each element is limited. In Sect. 2.2, we consider how many reflective elements of the RIS can offer an acceptable data rate. These two sections focus on the point-to-point communications, followed by multi-user communications. In Sect. 2.3, we optimize the placement and orientation of the RIS to extend the coverage. In Sect. 2.4, a hybrid beamforming scheme is introduced in the RIS-aided MIMO communications. Finally, in Sect. 2.5, the hybrid type RIS is utilize to achieve a full-dimensional coverage extension.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Introductions and Basics
Nächstes Kapitel Convergences of RISs with Existing Wireless Technologies
Fußnoten
1
In the downlink case, although the working frequency and transmission power might be different, a similar method can be adopted since the channel model is the same due to the channel reciprocity.
 
2
From (2.15), when N is sufficiently large in the pure LoS scenario, the data rate can be written by R = 4log2(N) + z, where z is a constant. Since we use the logarithmic coordinates for the RIS size N, the slope of the curve being 4 is equal to the received SNR being an order of O(N 4).
 
3
When coding bit K and RIS size is given, the performance degradation 𝜖 can be written by \(\epsilon = \frac {\log _2(1 + g^{\prime }x)}{\log _2(1 + gx)}\), where g ′ < g due to the limited phase shifts and x is the channel gain. It is easy to check that this function is increasing as x grows by calculating its first order derivative.
 
4
We assume that the distance between the BS and the RIS is much larger than the margin of two antennas, and thus the distances between the RIS and different antennas are assumed to be the same.
 
5
It is worthwhile to point out that this proposition holds with any distribution of \(h_n^{km}\).
 
6
Without loss of generality, we assume that the states of the PIN diodes in an element do not influence reflection amplitude change Γ of the element.
 
7
Since we consider average performance here, the small scale fading of the RIS-based channel is averaged. Besides, it is assumed that the small-scale fading corresponding to different RIS elements are independently distributed.
 
8
This model can be easily extended to a frequency-selective case where \({\beta _{{l_1},{l_2}}}\left ( \lambda \right )\) varies with the working frequency. The propagation can then be modelled by a filter with finite impulse response [41].
 
9
In practice, the RIS does not connect to the RF chain directly unless it is installed at the BS, which is not the truth in our case where RIS actually only reflects signals. Therefore, we only consider such an ideal scheme as a benchmark to evaluate the effectiveness of RIS-based HBF.
 
10
For convenience, here we adopt N R to represent the size of RIS to better display the curves.
 
11
We do not show the simulated annealing algorithm in this figure due to its high complexity with a large size of RIS.
 
12
For simplicity, we do not consider the specific impact of the phase shift optimization, and assume that the SNRs of the SBS-to-MU link and the IOS-to-MU link can just be added directly.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
RIS Aided MIMO Communications
verfasst von
Hongliang Zhang
Boya Di
Lingyang Song
Zhu Han
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Buch
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Empowered 6G

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-73498-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-73499-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73499-2_2

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