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Erschienen in:
2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
5. Seismic Recorders
verfasst von : Jens Havskov, Gerardo Alguacil
Erschienen in: Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology
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Abstract
Seismic signals are analog and need to be recorded so they can be preserved and processed. The earlier recording was analog on paper, but now all recording is done digitally.
A typical recorder consists of a digitizer connected to computer, which can store all the data in a continuous form or only store the seismic events. Due to storage (mostly flash memory) having large capacities and being cheap, most recorders now can record continuously. In addition there is a GPS connected for time keeping. The GPS is normally connected to the digitizer. A recorder for field use is built in a waterproof box and typically consumes 1 W.
A recorder can have seismometers built in and can then be considered a complete seismograph. A recorder for measuring acceleration usually has the accelerometers built in and is therefore called an accelerograph.
The computer was earlier a microprocessor (a few still used) but are now generally a standard minicomputer, typically running Linux. This has enabled a high degree of standardization of software and seismic formats. The most common recording format is MiniSeed.
A recorder must also be able to communicate in real time since most seismic stations are connected in real time networks. The dominating open standard is the SeedLink protocol.
Software for the recorder is often company specific, however several public domain programs are available for both Linux and Windows. This makes it possible to make a recorder using a standard digitizer and computer.
Examples of seismic recorders will be given.