Simulation Analysis of Energy and Ventilation Performance of Typical Residential Building Ventilation Modes in Five Climate Zones of China

This paper simulates and analyzes the energy and ventilation performance of a typical residential apartment with different ventilation modes in different cities of China’s five climate zones by EnergyPlus. The ventilation modes are natural ventilation (NV), mechanical ventilation (MV) and hybrid ventilation (HV). Mechanical ventilation system is further categorized to MV1 when all rooms in an apartment are synchronously operated and MV2 when they operated separately on demand. The hourly indoor CO₂ concentration and annual energy consumption with and without energy heat recovery device is simulated under different ventilation modes. The results show that natural ventilation will lead to great time percentage when CO₂ is over the 1000 ppm limitation under typical window operation behaviors, while mechanical ventilation and hybrid ventilation can meet the limitation; NV system can save energy consumption about 8–36% compared with MV1; MV2 has greater energy saving potential compared with MV1; From the perspective of energy saving percentage applied to MV system, enthalpy heat recovery system and sensible heat recovery system are applicable in severe cold region (Shenyang) and cold region (Tianjin), while enthalpy heat recovery system is applicable in hot summer and cold winter region (Shanghai) and hot summer and warm winter regions (Shenzhen). None is applicable in mild areas (Kunming).