Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 5/2019

19.03.2019 | Technical Note

Stability of Twin Shallow Tunnels in Unsaturated Soils Considering Vertical Steady State Flow

verfasst von: Zi-han Yang, Shui-sheng Li, Dong Yang, Shuai Zhou, Quan Zhou

Erschienen in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering | Ausgabe 5/2019

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This paper presents an analytical investigation on the stability of twin shallow tunnels excavated in unsaturated soils. The vertical steady state flow is considered to simulate the infiltration or evaporation condition during tunnel construction. The unified effective stress approach is employed to depict shear strength of unsaturated soils and the closed-form solution for the profile of apparent cohesion is established. A multi-block failure mechanism for twin shallow tunnels is then constructed, and on this basis, the analytical expression of required supporting pressure is deduced in accordance of the kinematical approach of limit analysis. The upper bound solution of supporting pressure is then searched through numerical optimization, and parametric analysis is performed to discuss the influence of unsaturated soil strength and vertical discharge on tunnel stability.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Akl SA, Metwally KG (2017) Optimizing arching creation for Abou Muharik Tunnel in Egypt using numerical analysis. KSCE J Civ Eng 21(1):160–167CrossRef Akl SA, Metwally KG (2017) Optimizing arching creation for Abou Muharik Tunnel in Egypt using numerical analysis. KSCE J Civ Eng 21(1):160–167CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chen WF, Liu XL (1990) Limit analysis in soil mechanics. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York Chen WF, Liu XL (1990) Limit analysis in soil mechanics. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Davis EH, Gunn MJ, Mair RJ et al (1980) The stability of shallow tunnels and underground openings in cohesive material. Geotechnique 30(4):397–416CrossRef Davis EH, Gunn MJ, Mair RJ et al (1980) The stability of shallow tunnels and underground openings in cohesive material. Geotechnique 30(4):397–416CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Do NA, Dias D, Oreste P (2016) 3D numerical investigation of mechanized twin tunnels in soft ground—influence of lagging distance between two tunnel faces. Eng Struct 109:117–125CrossRef Do NA, Dias D, Oreste P (2016) 3D numerical investigation of mechanized twin tunnels in soft ground—influence of lagging distance between two tunnel faces. Eng Struct 109:117–125CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fraldi M, Guarracino F (2009) Limit analysis of collapse mechanisms in cavities and tunnels according to the Hoek-Brown failure criterion. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46(4):665–673CrossRef Fraldi M, Guarracino F (2009) Limit analysis of collapse mechanisms in cavities and tunnels according to the Hoek-Brown failure criterion. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46(4):665–673CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fraldi M, Guarracino F (2010) Analytical solutions for collapse mechanisms in tunnels with arbitrary cross sections. Int J Solids Struct 47(2):216–223CrossRef Fraldi M, Guarracino F (2010) Analytical solutions for collapse mechanisms in tunnels with arbitrary cross sections. Int J Solids Struct 47(2):216–223CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fredlund DG, Rahardjo H, Fredlund MD (2012) Unsaturated soil mechanics in engineering practice. Wiley, HobokenCrossRef Fredlund DG, Rahardjo H, Fredlund MD (2012) Unsaturated soil mechanics in engineering practice. Wiley, HobokenCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Guan K, Zhu WC, Niu LL et al (2017) Three-dimensional upper bound limit analysis of supported cavity roof with arbitrary profile in Hoek-Brown rock mass. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 69(10):147–154CrossRef Guan K, Zhu WC, Niu LL et al (2017) Three-dimensional upper bound limit analysis of supported cavity roof with arbitrary profile in Hoek-Brown rock mass. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 69(10):147–154CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kiani M, Akhlaghi T, Ghalandarzadeh A (2016) Experimental modeling of segmental shallow tunnels in alluvial affected by normal faults. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 51(1):108–119CrossRef Kiani M, Akhlaghi T, Ghalandarzadeh A (2016) Experimental modeling of segmental shallow tunnels in alluvial affected by normal faults. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 51(1):108–119CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Klar A, Osman AS, Bolton M (2007) 2D and 3D upper bound solutions for tunnel excavations using elastic flow fields. Int J Numer Anal Meth Geomech 31(12):1367–1374CrossRef Klar A, Osman AS, Bolton M (2007) 2D and 3D upper bound solutions for tunnel excavations using elastic flow fields. Int J Numer Anal Meth Geomech 31(12):1367–1374CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lanzano G, Bilotta E, Russo G et al (2015) Experimental and numerical study on circular tunnels under seismic loading. Eur J Environ Civ Eng 19(5):539–563CrossRef Lanzano G, Bilotta E, Russo G et al (2015) Experimental and numerical study on circular tunnels under seismic loading. Eur J Environ Civ Eng 19(5):539–563CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lu N, Likos WJ (2004) Unsaturated soil mechanics. Wiley, New York Lu N, Likos WJ (2004) Unsaturated soil mechanics. Wiley, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Lu N, Kim TH, Sture S et al (2009) Tensile strength of unsaturated sand. J Eng Mech 135(12):1410–1419CrossRef Lu N, Kim TH, Sture S et al (2009) Tensile strength of unsaturated sand. J Eng Mech 135(12):1410–1419CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lu N, Godt JW, Wu DT (2010) A closed-form equation for effective stress in unsaturated soil. Water Resour Res 46(5):W05515CrossRef Lu N, Godt JW, Wu DT (2010) A closed-form equation for effective stress in unsaturated soil. Water Resour Res 46(5):W05515CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ng CWW, Fong KY, Liu HL (2018) The effects of existing horseshoe-shaped tunnel sizes on circular crossing tunnel interactions: Three-dimensional numerical analyses. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 77:68–79CrossRef Ng CWW, Fong KY, Liu HL (2018) The effects of existing horseshoe-shaped tunnel sizes on circular crossing tunnel interactions: Three-dimensional numerical analyses. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 77:68–79CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Osman AS (2010) Stability of unlined twin tunnels in undrained clay. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 25(3):290–296CrossRef Osman AS (2010) Stability of unlined twin tunnels in undrained clay. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 25(3):290–296CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Osman AS, Mair RJ, Bolton M (2006) On the kinematics of 2D tunnel collapse in undrained clay. Geotechnique 56(9):585–595CrossRef Osman AS, Mair RJ, Bolton M (2006) On the kinematics of 2D tunnel collapse in undrained clay. Geotechnique 56(9):585–595CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Perazzelli P, Anagnostou G (2013) Stress analysis of reinforced tunnel faces and comparison with the limit equilibrium method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 38(9):87–98CrossRef Perazzelli P, Anagnostou G (2013) Stress analysis of reinforced tunnel faces and comparison with the limit equilibrium method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 38(9):87–98CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sahoo JP, Kumar J (2013) Stability of long unsupported twin circular tunnels in soils. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 38(9):326–335CrossRef Sahoo JP, Kumar J (2013) Stability of long unsupported twin circular tunnels in soils. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 38(9):326–335CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sahoo JP, Kumar J (2018) Required lining pressure for the stability of twin circular tunnels in soils. Int J Geomech 18(7):04018069CrossRef Sahoo JP, Kumar J (2018) Required lining pressure for the stability of twin circular tunnels in soils. Int J Geomech 18(7):04018069CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Vahedifard F, Leshchinsky BA, Mortezaei K et al (2015) Active earth pressures for unsaturated retaining structures. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 141(11):1–11CrossRef Vahedifard F, Leshchinsky BA, Mortezaei K et al (2015) Active earth pressures for unsaturated retaining structures. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 141(11):1–11CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Vahedifard F, Leshchinsky D, Mortezaei K et al (2016) Effective stress-based limit equilibrium analysis for homogeneous unsaturated slopes. Int J Geomech 16(6):D4016003CrossRef Vahedifard F, Leshchinsky D, Mortezaei K et al (2016) Effective stress-based limit equilibrium analysis for homogeneous unsaturated slopes. Int J Geomech 16(6):D4016003CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wang HN, Utili S, Jiang MJ (2014) An analytical approach for the sequential excavation of axisymmetric lined tunnels in viscoelastic rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 68(6):85–106CrossRef Wang HN, Utili S, Jiang MJ (2014) An analytical approach for the sequential excavation of axisymmetric lined tunnels in viscoelastic rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 68(6):85–106CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Xiang Y, Song W (2017) Upper-bound limit analysis of shield tunnel stability in undrained clays using complex variable solutions for different ground-loss scenarios. Int J Geomech 17(9):04017057CrossRef Xiang Y, Song W (2017) Upper-bound limit analysis of shield tunnel stability in undrained clays using complex variable solutions for different ground-loss scenarios. Int J Geomech 17(9):04017057CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Xie J, Liu CG, Yu HY (2006) Upper bound solutions of plastic limit analysis for the stability of two parallel circular tunnels. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 25(9):1835–1841 (in Chinese) Xie J, Liu CG, Yu HY (2006) Upper bound solutions of plastic limit analysis for the stability of two parallel circular tunnels. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 25(9):1835–1841 (in Chinese)
Zurück zum Zitat Yang XL, Yao C (2017) Axisymmetric failure mechanism of a deep cavity in layered soils subjected to pore pressure. Int J Geomech 17(8):04017031CrossRef Yang XL, Yao C (2017) Axisymmetric failure mechanism of a deep cavity in layered soils subjected to pore pressure. Int J Geomech 17(8):04017031CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yang XL, Yao C (2018) Stability of tunnel roof in nonhomogeneous soils. Int J Geomech 18(3):06018002CrossRef Yang XL, Yao C (2018) Stability of tunnel roof in nonhomogeneous soils. Int J Geomech 18(3):06018002CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yang W, Li L, Shang Y et al (2018) An experimental study of the dynamic response of shield tunnels under long-term train loads. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 79(9):67–75CrossRef Yang W, Li L, Shang Y et al (2018) An experimental study of the dynamic response of shield tunnels under long-term train loads. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 79(9):67–75CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yao C, Yang XL (2017) Limit analysis of unsaturated soil slope stability considering intermediate principal stress and strength nonlinearity. Geotech Geol Eng 35(5):2053–2063CrossRef Yao C, Yang XL (2017) Limit analysis of unsaturated soil slope stability considering intermediate principal stress and strength nonlinearity. Geotech Geol Eng 35(5):2053–2063CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang JH, Xu JS, Zhang B (2014) Energy analysis of stability of twin shallow tunnels based on nonlinear failure criterion. J Cent South Univ 21(12):4669–4676CrossRef Zhang JH, Xu JS, Zhang B (2014) Energy analysis of stability of twin shallow tunnels based on nonlinear failure criterion. J Cent South Univ 21(12):4669–4676CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang B, Wang X, Zhang JS et al (2018) Safe range analysis of clear distance of twin shallow tunnels based on limit analysis and reliability theory. J Cent South Univ 25(1):196–207CrossRef Zhang B, Wang X, Zhang JS et al (2018) Safe range analysis of clear distance of twin shallow tunnels based on limit analysis and reliability theory. J Cent South Univ 25(1):196–207CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Stability of Twin Shallow Tunnels in Unsaturated Soils Considering Vertical Steady State Flow
verfasst von
Zi-han Yang
Shui-sheng Li
Dong Yang
Shuai Zhou
Quan Zhou
Publikationsdatum
19.03.2019
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering / Ausgabe 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0960-3182
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-1529
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-00859-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2019

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 5/2019 Zur Ausgabe