Surface Geophysical Exploration Methods

Geophysical exploration methods can be used before construction to obtain information on the character of formations and on the chemical characteristics of ground water. These techniques determine density, magnetic and acoustical properties of the geologic medium. Surface geophysical methods include magnetic, gravity, seismic refraction, seismic reflection, electrical resistivity, natural potential and,ground penetrating radar. The method(s) selected will depend on the type of information needed, the nature of the subsurface materials and cultural interferences. Factors to be considered are cost, applicability, accessibility, and availability of equipment appropriate for a site.