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2020 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Sustainable Urbanism in Digital Transitions

From Low Carbon to Smart Sustainable Cities

verfasst von: Dr. Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Geography

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch


This book examines how contemporary urbanism is influenced by digital and low carbon transitions. From its infancy at the scale of individual buildings, a focus on ‘green’ agenda, energy, and resource efficiency has fostered research and policies for low carbon cities, eco-cities, and increasingly intelligent and smarter urban systems. Cities around the world are getting ‘smarter’ as more advanced technology is integrated into urban planning and design. People are relying more on digital and information and communication technology (ICT) in their daily lives, while cities are adopting more digital technology to monitor and gather information about people and their environment. This leads to Big Data collection, which is used to inform governance and improve urban performance. These transformations, however, raise critical questions, including whether emerging smart sustainable cities are too technocratic, but also with regard to citizen involvement. This brief addresses these important contemporary concerns through a review of literature and existing urban strategies. It should be of interest to everyone involved in advancing sustainable cities and smart cities. It should also be a relevant read for students and researchers in this area.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
A literature search was performed to track the development of the concept of smart cities as it appears in known published works. Google Scholar was the chosen search engine as representative of a comprehensive database. Based on this search, the chapter highlights trends in smart city development, beginning at the building scale and working upwards to city, regional, and ultimately national levels. European examples demonstrate how cities have upheld smart development to convey the potential for expansion as well as upscaling and multi-scaling. In addition, rebranding is considered alongside upscaling.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Chapter 2. Low Carbon Cities
Abstract
This chapter provides a background on the emergence of low carbon cities from urban planning, eco-city design, and green growth perspectives in the contemporary literature. Low carbon urbanism and eco-cities can be viewed as precursors to the development of smart cities, which—from an urban sustainability standpoint—have evolved through piecemeal automation and increasing integration as part of smart development. It is important to frame such developments from a social justice perspective to acknowledge that technology is working for humanity—to improve human quality of life and well-being.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Chapter 3. Energy-Based Transitions
Abstract
The focus of this chapter is on reducing energy consumption in cities, including through decarbonisation efforts and transitions as well as improved energy efficiency. Continued investments in the production of renewable energy sources and the transmission (or distribution) of green energy are needed in order to sustain a low carbon supply as for instance in district heating and cooling (DHC) and as combined heat and power (CHP) or cogeneration. In addition to investing in such technologies, it is also pertinent to reduce energy consumption and promote energy conservation. City challenges regarding emissions are addressed. It helps to have building standards in place and building code guiding sustainable homes as well as effective planning to direct development, even amid rapid development. Spatial planning has potential when deployed alongside building control. Decisions regarding density building, suburbs, and transport are vital to examine in the context of the New Urban Design as well as sustainable development.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Chapter 4. Becoming Smart
Abstract
Based on the strategies of smart cities from around the world, an initial study and results are relayed here based on a sample of 30 cities. Subsequently, more case studies were added to the roster representing 50 strategies. A selection of 10 studies was then identified for a more in-depth focus on actually existing case studies. This chapter conveys a diversity of cases based on actually existing plans for smart development based on smart strategies. In this way, it is possible to pinpoint ‘actually existing smart cities’ from around the world. Inherent in the unique cases is a sense of the disparate priorities evident in smart strategies and cases contingent on their location.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Chapter 5. Sociotechnical IssuesSociotechnical perspective Sociotechnical Issues
Abstract
The influence of technology in smart cities is inevitable and continues to emerge from an entrepreneurial approach stemming from the business model. Both hardware and software components of technology are part of technical advancements in technologically advanced cities. Although more work has been published on smart cities, especially since the early 2010s, there remain uncertainties and challenges posed by smart cities that, in practice, could pose problems for society. This chapter addresses some of these social issues, including democratic governance opposed by monitoring and control in these technocratic (rather than democratic) cities. Security is addressed as Big Data and Open Access information amasses on the Internet and can be accessed worldwide. This represents one of the key areas, especially with the diffusion of the public-private boundary caused by continued monitoring and the accumulation of information on people, their movements and behaviours.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Chapter 6. Conclusion
Abstract
In this final chapter, the problems posed by smart development are considered from an ethical perspective. Here, the business model and entrepreneurial smart growth are examined for implications to unchecked development based on artificial intelligence (AI) as being centrally-controlled by computer technicians and corporations. Caveats are presented for consideration of potential developments stemming from information technology or IT corporations and their involvement in the expansion of robotics, including those directly involved in smart cities.
Mary J. Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Sustainable Urbanism in Digital Transitions
verfasst von
Dr. Mary J. Thornbush
Oleg Golubchikov
Copyright-Jahr
2020
Electronic ISBN
978-3-030-25947-1
Print ISBN
978-3-030-25946-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25947-1