Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 2/2020

09.06.2020 | Original Paper: Nano-structured materials (particles, fibers, colloids, composites, etc.)

Synthesis of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites by novel emulsifying device and its electrochemical performances

verfasst von: Fangnan Liang, Zhiwei Liu, Youzhi Liu

Erschienen in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology | Ausgabe 2/2020

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The manganese dioxide/polypyrrole (MnO2/PPy) nanocomposites were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization (W/O), which prepared by impinging stream-rotating packed bed (IS-RPB), a novel emulsifying equipment. The obtained MnO2/PPy nanocomposites were characterized by HRTEM, DLS, and BET. The effects of high gravity factor, impact velocity, p-toluenesulfonic acid, potassium permanganate, and reaction time on the specific capacitance of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites were studied. Moreover, we investigated herein its electrochemical performances under suitable operating conditions by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cycling life. The results revealed that the obtained MnO2/PPy nanocomposites were flower-like spherical with a high specific surface area of 177.1 m2/g. Besides, the specific capacitance of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites was 231.9 F/g at 0.5 A/g. The electrochemical performances of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites were superior to that prepared MnO2. It is certain that IS-RPB could be used as an effective emulsifying device due to the process intensification and has great potential in industrial applications.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Garakani MA, Abouali S, Cui J, Kim JK (2018) In situ TEM study of lithiation into a PPy coated α-MnO2/graphene foam freestanding electrode. Mater Chem Front 2:1481–1488 Garakani MA, Abouali S, Cui J, Kim JK (2018) In situ TEM study of lithiation into a PPy coated α-MnO2/graphene foam freestanding electrode. Mater Chem Front 2:1481–1488
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu JS, Wang L (2019) Fabrication of hierarchical core/shell MgCo2O4@MnO2 nanowallarrays on Ni-foam as high-rate electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors. Sci Rep 9:12557–12567 Xu JS, Wang L (2019) Fabrication of hierarchical core/shell MgCo2O4@MnO2 nanowallarrays on Ni-foam as high-rate electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors. Sci Rep 9:12557–12567
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Gong W, Fugetsu B, Wang Z, Sakata L, Su L, Zhang X, Ogata H, Li M, Wang C, Li J, Medina JO, Terrones M, Endo M (2018) Carbon nanotubes and manganese oxide hybrid nanostructures as high performance fiber supercapacitors. Commun Chem 1:16–23 Gong W, Fugetsu B, Wang Z, Sakata L, Su L, Zhang X, Ogata H, Li M, Wang C, Li J, Medina JO, Terrones M, Endo M (2018) Carbon nanotubes and manganese oxide hybrid nanostructures as high performance fiber supercapacitors. Commun Chem 1:16–23
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee JS, Shin DH, Jang J (2015) Polypyrrole-coated manganese dioxide with multiscale architectures for ultrahigh capacity energy storage. Energy Environ Sci 8:3030–3039 Lee JS, Shin DH, Jang J (2015) Polypyrrole-coated manganese dioxide with multiscale architectures for ultrahigh capacity energy storage. Energy Environ Sci 8:3030–3039
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Li K, Feng S, Jing C, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou L (2019) Assembling a double shell on a diatomite skeleton ternary complex with conductive polypyrrole for the enhancement of supercapacitors. Chem Commun 55:13773–13776 Li K, Feng S, Jing C, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou L (2019) Assembling a double shell on a diatomite skeleton ternary complex with conductive polypyrrole for the enhancement of supercapacitors. Chem Commun 55:13773–13776
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Han GQ, Liu Y, Kan E, Tang J, Zhang LL, Wang HH, Tang WH (2014) Sandwich-structured MnO2/polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide hybrid composites for highperformance supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4:9898–9904 Han GQ, Liu Y, Kan E, Tang J, Zhang LL, Wang HH, Tang WH (2014) Sandwich-structured MnO2/polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide hybrid composites for highperformance supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4:9898–9904
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Ji JY, Zhang XY, Liu JY, Peng LF, Chen CL, Huang ZL, Li L, Yu XH, Shang SM (2015) Assembly of polypyrrole nanotube@MnO2 composites with an improved electrochemical capacitance. Mater Sci Eng B 198:51–56 Ji JY, Zhang XY, Liu JY, Peng LF, Chen CL, Huang ZL, Li L, Yu XH, Shang SM (2015) Assembly of polypyrrole nanotube@MnO2 composites with an improved electrochemical capacitance. Mater Sci Eng B 198:51–56
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang Y, Wang C, Tian C, Guo HL, Shen YH, Zhu MZ (2018) Fe3O4@MnO2@PPy nanocomposites overcome hypoxia: magnetic-targeting-assisted controlled chemotherapy and enhanced photodynamic/photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 6:6848–6857 Yang Y, Wang C, Tian C, Guo HL, Shen YH, Zhu MZ (2018) Fe3O4@MnO2@PPy nanocomposites overcome hypoxia: magnetic-targeting-assisted controlled chemotherapy and enhanced photodynamic/photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 6:6848–6857
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Sharma RK, Rastogi AC, Desu SB (2008) Manganese oxide embedded polypyrrole nanocomposites for electrochemical supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 53:7690–7695 Sharma RK, Rastogi AC, Desu SB (2008) Manganese oxide embedded polypyrrole nanocomposites for electrochemical supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 53:7690–7695
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Shamsayei M, Yamini Y, Asiabi H, Rezazadeh M, Seidi S (2017) Electromembrane surrounded solid-phase microextraction using a stainless-steel wire coated with a nanocomposite composed of polypyrrole and manganese dioxide. Microchim Acta 184:2697–2705 Shamsayei M, Yamini Y, Asiabi H, Rezazadeh M, Seidi S (2017) Electromembrane surrounded solid-phase microextraction using a stainless-steel wire coated with a nanocomposite composed of polypyrrole and manganese dioxide. Microchim Acta 184:2697–2705
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Jin M, Han GY, Chang YZ, Zhao H, Zhang HY (2011) Flexible electrodes based on polypyrrole/manganese dioxide/polypropylene fibrous membrane composite for supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 56:9838–9845 Jin M, Han GY, Chang YZ, Zhao H, Zhang HY (2011) Flexible electrodes based on polypyrrole/manganese dioxide/polypropylene fibrous membrane composite for supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 56:9838–9845
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang FN, Liu ZW, Liu YZ (2017) Enhanced electrochemical properties of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites by miniemulsion polymerization. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28:10603–10610 Liang FN, Liu ZW, Liu YZ (2017) Enhanced electrochemical properties of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites by miniemulsion polymerization. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28:10603–10610
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu ZW, Liang FN, Zhang N, Liu YZ (2018) Preparation of manganese dioxide/polypyrrole composite by W/O miniemulsion and its electrochemical performance. Int J Electrochem Sci 13:6584–6597 Liu ZW, Liang FN, Zhang N, Liu YZ (2018) Preparation of manganese dioxide/polypyrrole composite by W/O miniemulsion and its electrochemical performance. Int J Electrochem Sci 13:6584–6597
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Asua JM (2002) Miniemulsion polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 27:1283–1346 Asua JM (2002) Miniemulsion polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 27:1283–1346
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Asua JM (2014) Challenges for industrialization of miniemulsion polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 39:1797–1826 Asua JM (2014) Challenges for industrialization of miniemulsion polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 39:1797–1826
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Fricke M, Voigt A, Veit P, Sundmacher K (2015) Miniemulsion-based process for controlling the size and shape of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:10293–10300 Fricke M, Voigt A, Veit P, Sundmacher K (2015) Miniemulsion-based process for controlling the size and shape of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:10293–10300
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Fukui Y, Fujimoto K (2012) Bio-inspired nanoreactor based on a miniemulsion system to create organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles and nanofilms. J Mater Chem Phys 22:3493–3499 Fukui Y, Fujimoto K (2012) Bio-inspired nanoreactor based on a miniemulsion system to create organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles and nanofilms. J Mater Chem Phys 22:3493–3499
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Gao D, Chang R, Lyu B, Ma JZ, Liu JJ, Li QR (2019) Synthesis of raspberry-like SiO2/polyacrylate nanocomposite latexes via a one-step miniemulsion polymerization and its film properties. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 92:695–705 Gao D, Chang R, Lyu B, Ma JZ, Liu JJ, Li QR (2019) Synthesis of raspberry-like SiO2/polyacrylate nanocomposite latexes via a one-step miniemulsion polymerization and its film properties. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 92:695–705
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiao WZ, Liu YZ, Qi GS (2012) Micromixing efficiency of viscous media in novel impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:7113–7118 Jiao WZ, Liu YZ, Qi GS (2012) Micromixing efficiency of viscous media in novel impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:7113–7118
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan HL, Li L, Zhou SF, Liu YZ (2016) Continuous preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles combined with surface modification by L-cysteine and their application in heavy metal adsorption. Ceram Int 42:4228–4237 Fan HL, Li L, Zhou SF, Liu YZ (2016) Continuous preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles combined with surface modification by L-cysteine and their application in heavy metal adsorption. Ceram Int 42:4228–4237
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan HL, Zhou SF, Qi GS, Liu YZ (2016) Continuous preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor and magnetic property thereof. J Alloy Compd 662:497–504 Fan HL, Zhou SF, Qi GS, Liu YZ (2016) Continuous preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor and magnetic property thereof. J Alloy Compd 662:497–504
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiao WZ, Qin YJ, Luo S, He Z, Feng Z, Liu YZ (2017) Simultaneous formation of nanoscale zero-valent iron and degradation of nitrobenzene in wastewater in an impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor. Chem Eng J 321:564–571 Jiao WZ, Qin YJ, Luo S, He Z, Feng Z, Liu YZ (2017) Simultaneous formation of nanoscale zero-valent iron and degradation of nitrobenzene in wastewater in an impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor. Chem Eng J 321:564–571
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiao WZ, Liu YZ, Qi GS (2010) A new impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor for improvement of micromixing iodide and iodate. Chem Eng J 157:168–173 Jiao WZ, Liu YZ, Qi GS (2010) A new impinging stream-rotating packed bed reactor for improvement of micromixing iodide and iodate. Chem Eng J 157:168–173
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu YZ, Jiao WZ, Qi GS (2011) Preparation and properties of methanol-diesel oil emulsified fuel under high-gravity environment. Renew Energ 36:1463–1468 Liu YZ, Jiao WZ, Qi GS (2011) Preparation and properties of methanol-diesel oil emulsified fuel under high-gravity environment. Renew Energ 36:1463–1468
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu J, Wang L, Zhang J, Qian JH, Liu J, Zhang ZQ, Zhang HD, Liu XY (2016) Fabrication of porous double-urchin-like MgCo2O4 hierarchical architectures for high-rate supercapacitors. J Alloy Compd 688:933–938 Xu J, Wang L, Zhang J, Qian JH, Liu J, Zhang ZQ, Zhang HD, Liu XY (2016) Fabrication of porous double-urchin-like MgCo2O4 hierarchical architectures for high-rate supercapacitors. J Alloy Compd 688:933–938
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Peng C, Lang J, Xu S, Wang X (2014) Oxygen-enriched activated carbons from pomelo peel in high energy density supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4:54662–54667 Peng C, Lang J, Xu S, Wang X (2014) Oxygen-enriched activated carbons from pomelo peel in high energy density supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4:54662–54667
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiao WZ, Luo S, Zhen H, Liu YZ (2017) Emulsified behaviors for the formation of methanol-diesel oil under high gravity environment. Energy 141:2387–2396 Jiao WZ, Luo S, Zhen H, Liu YZ (2017) Emulsified behaviors for the formation of methanol-diesel oil under high gravity environment. Energy 141:2387–2396
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang JG, Kang FY, Wei BQ (2015) Engineering of MnO2-based nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors. Prog Mater Sci 74:51–124 Wang JG, Kang FY, Wei BQ (2015) Engineering of MnO2-based nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors. Prog Mater Sci 74:51–124
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou HY, Yan Z, Yang X, Lv J, Kang LP, Liu ZH (2016) RGO/MnO2/polypyrrole ternary film electrode for supercapacitor. Mater Chem Phys 177:40–47 Zhou HY, Yan Z, Yang X, Lv J, Kang LP, Liu ZH (2016) RGO/MnO2/polypyrrole ternary film electrode for supercapacitor. Mater Chem Phys 177:40–47
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang M, Li F, Dong F, Zhang YX, Zhang LL (2015) MnO2-based nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 3:21380–21423 Huang M, Li F, Dong F, Zhang YX, Zhang LL (2015) MnO2-based nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 3:21380–21423
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu K, Qin Y, Muhammad Y, Zhu Y, Tang R, Chen N, Shi H, Zhang H, Tong Z, Yu B (2019) Effect of Fe3O4 content and microwave reaction time on the properties of Fe3O4/ZnO magnetic nanoparticles. J Alloy Compd 781:790–799 Liu K, Qin Y, Muhammad Y, Zhu Y, Tang R, Chen N, Shi H, Zhang H, Tong Z, Yu B (2019) Effect of Fe3O4 content and microwave reaction time on the properties of Fe3O4/ZnO magnetic nanoparticles. J Alloy Compd 781:790–799
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee YM, Qin GW, Lee CG, Koo BH, Moon KY, Shimada Y, Kitakami O (2007) Effect of reaction time on formation of CoNi particles prepared via the polyol method. Met Mater Int 3:207–210 Lee YM, Qin GW, Lee CG, Koo BH, Moon KY, Shimada Y, Kitakami O (2007) Effect of reaction time on formation of CoNi particles prepared via the polyol method. Met Mater Int 3:207–210
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao F, Liu L, Ma F, Liu L (2014) Candle soot coated nickel foam for facile water and oil mixture separation. RSC Adv 4:7132–7135 Zhao F, Liu L, Ma F, Liu L (2014) Candle soot coated nickel foam for facile water and oil mixture separation. RSC Adv 4:7132–7135
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Bahloul A, Nessark B, Brior E, Groult H, Mauger A, Zaghib K, Julien CM (2013) Polypyrrole-covered MnO2 as electrode material for supercapacitor. J Power Sources 240:267–272 Bahloul A, Nessark B, Brior E, Groult H, Mauger A, Zaghib K, Julien CM (2013) Polypyrrole-covered MnO2 as electrode material for supercapacitor. J Power Sources 240:267–272
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Yao W, Zhou H, Lu Y (2013) Synthesis and property of novel MnO2@polypyrrole coaxial nanotubes as electrode material for supercapacitors. J Power Sources 241:359–366 Yao W, Zhou H, Lu Y (2013) Synthesis and property of novel MnO2@polypyrrole coaxial nanotubes as electrode material for supercapacitors. J Power Sources 241:359–366
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Dong ZH, Wei YL, Shi W, Zhang GA (2011) Characterisation of doped polypyrrole/manganese oxide nanocomposite for supercapacitor electrodes. Mater Chem Phys 131:529–534 Dong ZH, Wei YL, Shi W, Zhang GA (2011) Characterisation of doped polypyrrole/manganese oxide nanocomposite for supercapacitor electrodes. Mater Chem Phys 131:529–534
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang DB, Zhang BY, Zheng TX, Zhang YX, Xu X (2018) One-pot synthesis of η-Fe2O3 nanospheres/diatomite composites for electrochemical capacitor electrodes. Mater Lett 215:23–26 Jiang DB, Zhang BY, Zheng TX, Zhang YX, Xu X (2018) One-pot synthesis of η-Fe2O3 nanospheres/diatomite composites for electrochemical capacitor electrodes. Mater Lett 215:23–26
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Chin SF, Pang SC (2010) Tetrapropylammonium-manganese oxide/polypyrrole hybrid nanocomposite thin films as novel electrode materials for supercapacitors. Mater Chem Phys 124:29–32 Chin SF, Pang SC (2010) Tetrapropylammonium-manganese oxide/polypyrrole hybrid nanocomposite thin films as novel electrode materials for supercapacitors. Mater Chem Phys 124:29–32
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Toupin M, Brousse T, Belanger D (2004) Charge storage mechanism of MnO2 electrode used in aqueous electrochemical capacitor. Chem Mater 16:3184–3190 Toupin M, Brousse T, Belanger D (2004) Charge storage mechanism of MnO2 electrode used in aqueous electrochemical capacitor. Chem Mater 16:3184–3190
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Kulandaivalu S, Suhaimi N, Sulaiman Y (2019) Unveiling high specific energy supercapacitor from layer-by-layer assembled polypyrrole/grapheme oxide/polypyrrole/manganese oxide electrode material. Sci Rep 9:4884–4893 Kulandaivalu S, Suhaimi N, Sulaiman Y (2019) Unveiling high specific energy supercapacitor from layer-by-layer assembled polypyrrole/grapheme oxide/polypyrrole/manganese oxide electrode material. Sci Rep 9:4884–4893
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu QF, He KX, Mi HY, Zhang XG (2007) Electrochemical capacitance of polypyrrole nanowire prepared by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as soft template. Mater Chem Phys 101:367–371 Wu QF, He KX, Mi HY, Zhang XG (2007) Electrochemical capacitance of polypyrrole nanowire prepared by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as soft template. Mater Chem Phys 101:367–371
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Khoh WH, Hong JD (2013) Layer-by-layer self-assembly of ultrathin multilayer films composed of magnetite/reduced grapheme oxide bilayers for supercapacitor application. Colloid Surf A 436:104–112 Khoh WH, Hong JD (2013) Layer-by-layer self-assembly of ultrathin multilayer films composed of magnetite/reduced grapheme oxide bilayers for supercapacitor application. Colloid Surf A 436:104–112
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Pan C, Gu HT, Dong L (2016) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of polyaniline@MnO2/graphene ternary composites for electrochemical supercapacitors. J Power Sources 303:175–181 Pan C, Gu HT, Dong L (2016) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of polyaniline@MnO2/graphene ternary composites for electrochemical supercapacitors. J Power Sources 303:175–181
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang JG, Yang Y, Huang ZH, Kang FY (2014) MnO2/polypyrrole nanotubular composites: reactive templatesynthesis, characterization and application as superior electrodematerials for high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 130:642–649 Wang JG, Yang Y, Huang ZH, Kang FY (2014) MnO2/polypyrrole nanotubular composites: reactive templatesynthesis, characterization and application as superior electrodematerials for high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 130:642–649
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Li J, Cui L, Zhang XG (2010) Preparation and electrochemistry of one-dimensional nanostructured MnO2/PPy composite for electrochemical capacitor. Appl Surf Sci 256:4339–4343 Li J, Cui L, Zhang XG (2010) Preparation and electrochemistry of one-dimensional nanostructured MnO2/PPy composite for electrochemical capacitor. Appl Surf Sci 256:4339–4343
Metadaten
Titel
Synthesis of MnO2/PPy nanocomposites by novel emulsifying device and its electrochemical performances
verfasst von
Fangnan Liang
Zhiwei Liu
Youzhi Liu
Publikationsdatum
09.06.2020
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0928-0707
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-4846
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05334-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2020

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 2/2020 Zur Ausgabe

Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for dielectric, electronic, magnetic and ferroelectric applications

A facile chemical route to prepare Nd[(Zn0.7Co0.3)0.5Ti0.5]O3 powders and microwave dielectric materials

Original Paper: Sol–gel and hybrid materials for optical, photonic and optoelectronic applications

Effect of TiO2 sol on the conversion efficiency of TiO2 based dye-sensitized solar cell

Original Paper: Sol–gel and hybrid materials for optical, photonic and optoelectronic applications

Investigation of the photoanode based on graphene/zinc aluminum mixed metal oxide for dye-sensitized solar cell

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.