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2010 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

The Dynamics of International Information Systems

Anatomy of a Grounded Theory Investigation

verfasst von: Hans Lehmann

Verlag: Springer US

Buchreihe : Integrated Series in Information Systems

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

The serious difficulties facing the developer of international information systems (i.e. supporting business functions in different countries) are widely known and their propensity to catastrophic failure has been acknowledged among practitioners for quite some time. Despite the often pivotal importance that such systems generally have scholarly research in this field has been surprisingly sparse. Information technology applications with a global range and reach are still largely unstudied and under-explored. Subsequently there is a distinct dearth of theoretical frameworks for dealing with them. After a career in information technology line management I have been involved with multinational enterprises and their information systems for over a decade as a consultant, working in Africa, the UK, continental Europe, North America and Australasia. It was on joining a university in the early nineties that I discovered the near-vacuum in this field of research. When I decided to make international information systems my field of research it became clear that fairly fundamental work needed to be done. I started the project described further on more than 10 years ago. It turned out a fairly difficult, necessarily broad based and, eventually, longitudinal research.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
This research should have been done at least 20 years ago. The pivotal importance of information technology as the key driver of business has not been seriously questioned since the dawn of minicomputers some 40 years ago. Conversely, the notion that globalization is the only key to survival in a rapidly shrinking world has been a hackneyed cliché for many businesses since the early 1980s. Yet the obvious logical fusion of these two truisms, the application of information technology throughout global operations, is still widely ignored by academics and largely misunderstood by practitioners. As a result, international information systems 1 projects over the last 20 years have often been downright disastrous. Research into why these applications are difficult and how they could be mastered should be of high priority, but is not.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 2. International Information Systems in the Literature
Abstract
The following sections first put the research literature on international information systems in the wider context of information systems research in general. The second part will discuss the development of international information systems research literature and set out the ‘state-of-the-art’ at the end of 1994, when this research project was started. An overview of the literature since then concludes this review.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 3. Research Problem and Research Questions
Abstract
Whilst scholarly research has concentrated on the wider issues, within the practitioner community there was a widespread consensus emerging that international systems are a not only a major element of any global business strategy but also a major, and potentially disastrous, stumbling block for global operators. By 1994, a considerable body of – mostly anecdotal – evidence1 for the difficulties with these systems had been assembled in the practitioners’ literature. A selection of this is presented below.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 4. Research Methodology
Abstract
In this chapter, an appropriate approach and methodology for in the research project is developed. How the methodology is then translated into an operational investigation procedure is set out in the next chapter.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 5. Research Method: Grounded Theory for Descriptive and Exploratory Case Studies
Abstract
Both Case Study and Grounded Theory methods are still minority research methodologies in information systems. A search of research papers published in higher tier information systems journalsa between 1985 and 2005 showed that only 120 out of 7,372 articles were concerned with case study research. Case methods are, however, well established in organizational research and have become increasingly more accepted in information systems research too (for examples see Benbasat et al., 1987; Galliers et al., 1987; Yin, 1989; Lee, 1989a, b; Orlikowski et al., 1991; Zinatelli et al., 1994). In particular, Eisenhardt (1989) describes a process of building theory from cases, focusing especially on its inductive nature.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 6. Foundation Case: The Australasian Food Co-op
Abstract
This chapter describes the first case study, the ‘foundation’ for the rest of the research project. The case itself is disguised, according to the wishes of the enterprise concerned. As mentioned above, the case is an extraordinarily rich one. This, in conjunction with the generative power of the Grounded Theory method, has meant that for reasons of readability an abridged version of the case and findings is contained in this chapter. A detailed version can be obtained from the author’s companion website on demand.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 7. Case Two: J Lauritzen Ship Owners
Abstract
This chapter contains the case story, its interpretation and the translation of the factor relationships, which is then expanded into the 2nd Theoretical Framework. Setting out the considerations for the theoretical sampling for the next case concludes this chapter. The details of the case and its analysis are, again, available from the author on demand.1
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 8. Case Three: PANALPINA International Forwarders
Abstract
The third case is analyzed in this section. Subsequently another update to the theory is carried out to arrive at the 3rd Theoretical Framework, which is then assessed for saturation. The case proved exceedingly fruitful – it yielded nearly three-quarters as many ‘raw’ categories as did the foundation case. Given the advanced degree of saturation at this stage of the study, however, the larger proportion of these categories confirmed and annotated the properties of existing ones. Nevertheless, the minority of ‘new’ categories added critical value to the theory so far. For this reason, the case story is told with a sharp focus towards the areas that contribute most to the theory. Similarly, the interpretation will concentrate on the salient aspects of new theoretical contributions. Full details of the case – together with the detailed description of findings, interpretations and theorems – are, again, available from the author on demand.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 9. A Substantive Theory of International Information Systems
Abstract
The system of theorems, propositions and postulates which make up the 3rd theoretical framework represents what Glaser & Strauss (1967) refer to as a ‘first theoretical construct’, which now needs to undergo a process of ‘delimitation’ (ibid., p. 109ff). Reducing the ‘terminology’ and ‘densifying the text’ in this process aim at increasing the theory’s parsimony1 while at the same time widening its scope.1 The process is designed to expand a conceptual construct narrowly steeped in three cases into a more general ‘substantive theory’ with claims of validity for the subject area of international information systems.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 10. Discussion of the Theory and its Implications for Research and Practice
Abstract
In the following sections, the substantive theory introduced in the previous chapter will be discussed in the context of other information systems research. Next, its strength and weaknesses will be set out. Finally, implications of the proposed theory for practitioners are set out.
Hans Lehmann
Chapter 11. Conclusion
Abstract
Nearly thirty years ago Buss (1982) first observed that international information systems are different from domestic ones. Further research has addressed numerous aspects of global applications of information technology – but the question of why these systems are different and how they could be dealt with more successfully had not yet been answered. This research has contributed to bringing clarity into this field. It has resulted in a theory about international information systems that explains their specific nature and architecture, what affects the way in which they are built; and why their users will accept or reject them.
Hans Lehmann
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
The Dynamics of International Information Systems
verfasst von
Hans Lehmann
Copyright-Jahr
2010
Verlag
Springer US
Electronic ISBN
978-1-4419-5750-4
Print ISBN
978-1-4419-5749-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5750-4

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