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2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. The Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Power Ultrasound Processes

verfasst von : Hao Feng

Erschienen in: Ultrasound Technologies for Food and Bioprocessing

Verlag: Springer New York

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Abstract

Most high intensity or power ultrasound applications involve a special transmission mode of sound waves in a medium that is composed of consecutive compressions and rarefactions. Since the propagation of such longitudinal waves is normally associated with a liquid medium, the use of power ultrasound is often termed as sonication. When the negative pressure in the rarefaction phase surpasses the tensile stress of the liquid, the liquid will be torn apart and cavities will be formed (Leighton, 1994). The inception of cavitation and the subsequent mechanical and chemical effects rising from the cavitation activity enable interactions between the acoustic energy and food and biological systems being processed. Such interactions take place at microscopic levels as the average diameters of cavitation bubbles are at 150–170 μm, for bubbles generated in water by 20 kHz ultrasound transducers (Awad, 1996; Vago, 1992).

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Titel: The Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Power Ultrasound Processes
verfasst von: Hao Feng
Verlag: Springer New York
Buch: Ultrasound Technologies for Food and Bioprocessing
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-7471-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4419-7472-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7472-3_4