Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben

2023 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Transparent Soil Modelling Technique and Its Application

verfasst von: Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui

Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore

Buchreihe : Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten
insite
SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book systematically introduces the advancement of transparent soil modelling technique and its application. The transparent soil modelling technique provides an essential tool for visualizing soil-structure interaction and other geotechnical problems such as grouting, soil plugging. The geotechnical properties of the newest transparent soils were reported on model sand, clay and rock. In addition, more advanced image processing methods were summarized. In this book, numerous applications of transparent soil modelling techniques for different geotechnical problems were presented, and the results obtained are supplemented by numerical calculation and theoretical analysis.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Transparent Materials

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
The opaque properties of natural soils make the visual observation of soil-structure interaction and measurement of soil deformation a great challenge. Transparent soils made of transparent solids and matching refractive index pore fluid is an innovative technique to overcome this difficulty, with the digital image processing technique, the full field deformation inside the transparent soil can be successfully obtained. This book presents the state art of the transparent soil modelling techniques and its applications in various field.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 2. Transparent Sand of Silica Gel
Abstract
Silica gel is a porous, amorphous form silica (SiO2), which closely resembles natural sand. It is composed of a vast network of interconnected microscopic pores. It is used to make transparent soil modelling sand. When mixed with a pore fluid having a matched refractive index. The physical, geotechnical, and dynamic properties of some silica gels are discussed and compared with the natural sand in this chapter.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 3. Transparent Sand of Fused Quartz
Abstract
Fused quartz was manufactured by firstly melting natural quartz crystals present in quartzite sand at approximately 2000 °C, and then cooling them. Its purity is high. In this chapter, the static and dynamic properties of transparent soil made of fused quartz are presented. Duncan-Chang model parameters were determined for some fused quartz. These provides valuable information for conducting research using transparent soil of fused quartz in both static and dynamic geomechanics.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 4. Transparent Clay of Carbopol U10
Abstract
Carbopol® Ultrez™ 10 (referred to as U10) was the newly found material as a transparent clay surrogate for the possible use in physical geotechnical model tests. This synthetic clay was studied and used in the field of geotechnical engineering in a landslide by (Bates et al. in Environ Fluid Mech 14:501–518, 2014). However, the geotechnical properties of the synthetic clay as a standalone transparent clay surrogate at low effective stress have not yet been investigated. The transparency, speckle pattern and the geotechnical properties were studied and presented in this chapter.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 5. Transparent Rock
Abstract
Fused silica blocks were manufactured by melting the highly pure silica dioxide above 1760°C and then quickly cooled down. By this process, it transforms the crystal form of silica dioxide into amorphous glass, which has more stable physical properties. This material has similar physical properties of brittle rocks, stable chemical properties and strong brittleness. In this chapter, the uniaxial compression tests and Brazilian tensile tests were conducted to characterize the deformation and strength behavior of the fused silica blocks, the size effect on the mechanical properties of this material was also investigated with the specimens being prepared with varying diameters and height-to-diameter (H/D) ratios. AE monitoring and camera monitoring were also performed during the loading of the specimens.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 6. Pore Fluid
Abstract
Transparent soil is a mixture of pore fluid and granular silica gel or amorphous silica gel. It becomes transparent because the pore fluid has the same refractive index as the transparent solid particles at the same temperature. Therefore, pore fluid is another important component to manufacture the transparent soil. Up to now, there are a few types of pore fluid available to manufacture transparent soils. In this chapter, the investigations on low viscosity pore fluid and the new pore fluid were presented.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui

Transparent Soil Imaging and Image Processing

Frontmatter
Chapter 7. Laser Speckle Effect
Abstract
When a laser sheet shines into the transparent soil model, its interaction with transparent solids will generate a laser speckle effect. This laser speckle effect is the basis of soil deformation measurement. Characteristics of laser speckle effect and digital laser speckle effect were presented in this chapter.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 8. 2D Transparent Soil Imaging and Digital Image Cross-Correlation
Abstract
Transparent soil is used to model natural soils in geotechnical research. The laser speckle effect generated when a laser light goes through the transparent soil were used to provide the displacement information of soil particles. Digital image cross-correlation is usually adopted to process the laser speckle images of the transparent soil.This chapter presented a typical experimental set up for 2D transparent soil modelling, 2D and 3D digital image cross correlation methods, and influences of particles size on digital image deformation measurement.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 9. Camera Calibration Based on Neural Network Method
Abstract
Camera calibration is an important step in soil deformation measurement with digital image cross-correlation method. Its purpose is to transform the measured soil deformation in image plane into real space. This chapter presented a three-layer, feed-forward neural network for camera calibration which achieves very good performance.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 10. Three-Dimensional Transparent Soil Imaging and Processing
Abstract
Non-intrusive observation of the spatial deformation field of the soil has been a difficult problem for laboratory model test testing. Based on the advantage that the visualization test method of transparent soil can observe the two-dimensional (2D) deformation inside the soil, this chapter described a new automatic tomographic scanning measuring device to observe the three-dimensional (3D) spatial deformation of the soil inside the transparent soil. A series of 2D laser speckle images of different vertical cross sections before and after deformation were obtained, and an improved 3D reconstruction algorithm was used to reconstruct the 3D displacement field of soil after deformation. Its applications in pile penetration are reported.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui

Application of Transparent Soil Modelling in Geotechnical Engineering

Frontmatter
Chapter 11. Application of Transparent Soil Modeling Technique to Investigate Pile Foundation
Abstract
Pile foundation is an important type of deep foundation. It is widely used in various building and structures. The interaction mechanism between soil and pile, as well as soil deformation during pile driving and loading are critical for the design and analysis of pile foundation. Transparent soil modelling technique provides an innovative tool to conduct the research on pile foundation. Applications of transparent soil modeling technique to investigate pile foundation problems are reported in this chapter.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 12. Application of Transparent Soil Modeling Technique to Grouting
Abstract
Rock grouting has been widely used in geotechnical and mining engineering. The grouts may be adhesives, chemical solutions, or have a variety of resinous origins. Penetrating, fracturing and compaction grouting have been studied by using theoretical analysis, experimental investigation, numerical simulation and in situ measurement. This chapter first presented a study of modeling grout propagation in transparent replica of rock fractures. Another modelling study on the chemical grout column permeated by water in transparent soil was also presented, which acts grouted barrier walls to reduce the permeability and/or strengthen the formation to prevent water inrush in the coal mining. Detailed experimental studies and finite element simulation are reported.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Chapter 13. Application of Transparent Soil Modeling Technique to Rapid Penetration of Objects
Abstract
Penetration into granular media is a complicated process. This chapter presented a study on the penetration of different cylindrical rods into dry fused quartz and transparent soil at an impact velocity of 5 m/s and the measurement of internal flow fields. The influences of rod nose shape and rod size on the penetration were discussed. The penetration depth and the collision time were investigated for dry fused quartz sand and transparent soil. The flow field of the soil during cylindrical penetration process were obtained.
Honghua Zhao, Gangqiang Kong, Wanghua Sui
Metadaten
Titel
Transparent Soil Modelling Technique and Its Application
verfasst von
Honghua Zhao
Gangqiang Kong
Wanghua Sui
Copyright-Jahr
2023
Verlag
Springer Nature Singapore
Electronic ISBN
978-981-19-6825-9
Print ISBN
978-981-19-6824-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6825-9