2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
A Fragment of ML Decidable by Visibly Pushdown Automata
verfasst von : David Hopkins, Andrzej S. Murawski, C. -H. Luke Ong
Erschienen in: Automata, Languages and Programming
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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The simply-typed, call-by-value language,
RML
, may be viewed as a canonical restriction of Standard ML to ground-type references, augmented by a “bad variable” construct in the sense of Reynolds. By a
short
type, we mean a type of order at most 2 and arity at most 1. We consider the
O-strict
fragment of (finitary)
RML
,
RML
O
−
Str
, consisting of terms-in-context
x
1
:
θ
1
, ... ,
x
n
:
θ
n
⊢
M
:
θ
such that
θ
is short, and every argument type of every
θ
i
is short.
RML
O
−
Str
is surprisingly expressive; it includes several instances of (in)equivalence in the literature that are challenging to prove using methods based on (state-based) logical relations. We show that it is decidable whether a given pair of
RML
O
−
Str
terms-in-context is observationally equivalent. Using the fully abstract game semantics of
RML
, our algorithm reduces the problem to the language equivalence of visibly pushdown automata. When restricted to terms in canonical form, the problem is EXPTIME-complete.