1 Introduction
2 The participative procedure: methodology
Step | Who | How | Results |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Experts | Literature review | Conceptual framework of PSUM |
Workshops and seminars | |||
2a | Citizens | National sample survey | Appraisal of dimensions and objectives of PSUM |
2b | Stakeholders | Stakeholder dialogue analysis | |
3 | Experts | Analysis of results of Step 2 | Sensitivity analysis |
Selection of performance indicators of PSUM |
2.1 Step 1: a conceptual framework
Dimensions of urban sustainability | PSUM Objectives | PSUM Performance Indicators | |
---|---|---|---|
Social sustainability | Accessibility | Increasing the alternatives to mobility | Public and private services accessible via telephone and computer |
Easing non-motorized mobility | Walkability and “cyclabilty” | ||
Easing private motorized mobility | Congestion | ||
Easing public transport | Quantity and quality of public transport | ||
Liveability | Reducing public space occupied by motorized vehicles | Vehicles- and vehicles*km per km2 | |
Reducing noise generated by mobility | % of population exposed to harmful noise | ||
Reducing air pollutants generated by mobility | Main air pollutants from transport: PMX, COVNM, NOX, CO | ||
Increasing transport safety | Deaths and injuries from traffic accidents | ||
Environmental sustainability | Reducing greenhouse-gasses generated by mobility | CO2 from transport | |
Reducing waste generated by mobility | Waste from transport | ||
Reducing land consumption generated by mobility | Land occupied by transport infrastructure | ||
Economic sustainability | Reducing mobility costs: public transport | Household expenditures for public transport | |
Reducing mobility costs: private transport | Household expenditures for private transport |
2.2 Step 2a: the national sample survey
2.3 Step 2b: the “stakeholder dialogue analysis”
2.4 Step 3: selection of performance indicators
3 The participative procedure: results
3.1 Citizens’ opinion
Dimensions of urban sustainability | Considered as a priority (%) | Ranking |
---|---|---|
Environmental sustainability | 53.1 | 1° |
Social sustainability: liveability | 50.0 | 2° |
Economic sustainability | 48.4 | 3° |
Social sustainability: accessibility | 40.0 | 4° |
PSUM objectives | Considered as a priority (%) | Ranking | Performance indicators of PSUM |
---|---|---|---|
Selected performance indicators of PSUM: | |||
Reducing greenhouse-gasses generated by mobility | 71.0 | 1° | COx from transport |
Reducing private transport costs | 69.5 | 2° | Households expenditures for private transport |
Reducing air pollutants generated by mobility | 65.9 | 3° | Main air pollutants from transport: PMx COVNM, NOx, CO |
Increasing transport safety | 61.7 | 4° | Deaths and injuries from traffic accidents |
Reducing waste generated by mobility | 58.8 | 5° | Waste from transport |
Easing public transport | 49.9 | 6° | Quantity and quality of public transport |
Reducing noise generated by mobility | 49.5 | 7° | % of population exposed to harmful noise |
Reducing public transport costs | 48.1 | 8° | Households expenditures for public transport |
Non selected performance indicators of PSUM: | |||
Reducing land consumption generated by mobility | 45.0 | 9° | Land occupied by transport infrastructure |
Easing non-motorized mobility | 39.2 | 10° | Walkability and “cyclabilty” |
Reducing public space occupied by motorized vehicles | 36.8 | 11° | Vehicles- and vehicles*km per km2 |
Easing private motorized mobility | 33.7 | 12° | Congestion |
Increasing the alternatives to mobility | 30.6 | 13° | Public and private services accessible via telephone and computer |
3.2 Stakeholders’ appraisal
Objectives of PSUM | Weighted average scorea | Ranking | Performance indicators of PSUM |
---|---|---|---|
Selected performance indicators of PSUM: | |||
Easing non-motorized mobility | 4.00 | 1° | Walkability and “cyclabilty” |
Easing public transport | 4.00 | 1° | Quantity and quality of public transport |
Reducing land consumption generated by mobility | 3.63 | 3° | Land occupied by transport infrastructure |
Reducing public space occupied by motorized vehicles | 3.05 | 4° | Vehicles- and vehicles*km per km2 |
Increasing transport safety | 2.89 | 5° | Deaths and injuries from traffic accidents |
Reducing air pollutants generated by mobility | 2.88 | 6° | Main air pollutants from transport: PMx, COVNM, Nox, CO |
Reducing greenhouse-gasses generated by mobility | 2.88 | 6° | CO2 from transport |
Increasing the alternatives to mobility | 2.87 | 8° | Public and private services accessible via telephone and computer |
Non selected performance indicators of PSUM: | |||
Reducing noise generated by mobility | 2.14 | 9° | % of population exposed to harmful noise |
Reducing waste generated by mobility | 2.12 | 10° | Waste from transport |
Easing private motorized mobility | 1.26 | 11° | Congestion |
Reducing public transport costs | 0.62 | 12° | Households expenditures for public transport |
Reducing private transport costs | 0.62 | 12° | Households expenditures for private transport |
3.3 The selection of indicators
4 Discussion
4.1 Contribution to the relevant literature
4.2 Discussion of step 1 (a conceptual framework)
4.3 Discussion of step 2 (ranking of PSUM objectives)
4.4 Discussion of step 3 (selection of PSUM indicators)
Selected performance indicators of PSUM | Lower threshold | Higher threshold | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
By stakeholders | By citizens | By stakeholders | By citizens | |
Walkability and “cyclabilty” | X | X | ||
Quantity and quality of public transport | X | X | X | |
Land occupied by transport infrastructure | X | X | ||
Vehicles- and vehicles*km per km2 | X | X | ||
Deaths and injuries from traffic accidents | X | X | X | |
Main air pollutants from transport: PMx, COVNM, NOx, CO | X | X | X | |
CO2 from transport | X | X | X | |
Public and private services accessible via telephone and computer | X | |||
Households expenditures for private transport | X | X | ||
Waste from transport | X | X | ||
% of population exposed to harmful noise | X | |||
Households expenditures for public transport | X |
5 Conclusions and further research
Step | Who | How | Results |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Experts | Literature review | Conceptual framework (first version): dimensions, objectives and generic indicators |
Workshops and seminars | |||
2a
|
Citizens
|
Focus groups
|
Shared terminology
|
2b
|
Stakeholders
|
Stakeholder dialogue analysis (preliminary meeting)
|
Amendments to the first version of the conceptual framework
|
3
|
Experts
|
Analysis of results of Step 2
|
Conceptual framework (second version): dimensions, objectives, specific indicators and targets
|
4a | Citizens | National sample survey | Appraisal of the dimensions and objectives of PSUM |
4b | Stakeholders | Stakeholder dialogue analysis | |
5 | Experts | Analysis of results of Step 4 | Sensitivity analysis |
6
|
(Experts) Citizens
| Joint workshop or Citizens’ jury |
Deliberation on the results of Step 4
|
Selection of indicators of PSUM
|