A study on the impact of water storage and regulation projects on sustainable development goals using mouth brooding fish (MBF) algorithm

In the quest for a secure and sustainable water supply, optimization methods can be effectively utilized. Accordingly, as a means for the optimization purposes, the metaheuristic algorithms such as mouth brooding fish (MBF), Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) have revealed a promising performance. The current paper particularly examines the application of the MBF algorithm to maximize water conservation at Haraz Dam in Iran. The obtained results are compared to those previously derived by the FA and GA as well as the classic (typical) operation practice. Then, a survey was conducted through interviewing some experts to assess impact of the increased water volume on sustainable development goals in the region. It turns out that the MBF algorithm outperformed the other algorithms, reducing the annual water shortage by 488 million m³ compared to the classic approach. According to the experts’ opinions, this massive volume of water would significantly highlight role of running the projects to do with water storage and regulation in attaining the sustainable development goals since a potential increase of up to 12% could be fulfilled. Out of the seventeen sustainable development goals, the goal number two, which is to end hunger, increase food security, and promote sustainable agriculture, recorded the highest growth of 29%. In summary, this study showcases effectiveness of the MBF algorithm in optimizing water supply and reducing annual water shortage, leading to enhanced sustainable development goals in the region.