An Analytical Review on Log Periodic Dipole Antennas with Different Shapes of Dipole Elements

Nowadays, for the current and future communication applications like radio wave direction-finding systems, 5G mobile and wireless communication, air-borne applications, UWB radar, and mobile imaging applications, the log periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna is the most suitable, and it can be used as in either direction-finding applications or UWB applications based on its properties. In this paper, various miniaturization techniques of log periodic dipole array antenna are studied and analyzed. Summary of different types of LPDA structures such as dual-band elements, folded planar helix dipole, sinusoidal dipoles, T-shaped and H-shaped top loading dipoles with respect to operating frequency, bandwidth, type of substrate, gain, and dimensions of the antenna is presented at the end. Miniaturization of the antenna is achieved with these different configurations. A high gain and VSWR value which are less than 2 can be obtained by applying these miniaturization techniques. These antennas can be designed and simulated using electromagnetic tools like HFSS and CST MW Studio.