1 Introduction
2 Materials and method
2.1 Workpiece materials
2.2 Cutting tools
2.3 Machine and measurements
2.4 Experimental plan and cutting conditions
Value 1 | Value 2 | |
---|---|---|
Cutting speed Vc [m/min] | 550 | 650 |
Spindle speed [rpm] | 14,589 | 17,242 |
Feed per revolution fz [mm/tooth] | 0.02 | |
Feed speed Vf [mm/min] | 1751 | 2069 |
Radial depth of cut ae[mm] | 7.25 | |
Axial depth of cut ap [mm] | 0.5 | |
Cutting type | Upmilling | Downmilling |
3 Results
3.1 Cutting process mechanisms
3.2 Visual inspection of the tools
Workpiece | Tool | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Test # | Cutting length [m] | Strategy | Vc [m/min] | Surface burn | Surface clogging | Flute clogging | Edge chipping | Teeth shark fracture |
3 | 6.4 | Downmilling | 550 | ●● | ● | |||
6 | ●● | ● | ●● | |||||
9 | ● | ●● | ●● | |||||
2 | 650 | ● | ||||||
5 | ● | ● | ● | ●● | ||||
12 | ●● | ●● | ● | |||||
4 | Upmilling | 550 | ●● | ● | ||||
7 | ● | ● | ● | |||||
10 | ●● | |||||||
1 | 650 | ●● | ● | ● | ||||
8 | ● | ● | ||||||
11 | ●● | |||||||
3 | 12.8 | Downmilling | 550 | ● | ●● | ●● | ||
6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
9 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
2 | 650 | ● | ● | |||||
5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
12 | ●● | ●● | ●● | |||||
4 | Upmilling | 550 | ●● | ● | ||||
7 | ●● | ●● | ● | |||||
10 | ● | ●● | ● | |||||
1 | 650 | ● | ●● | ●● | ||||
8 | ●● | ● | ●● | ● | ||||
11 | NA | NA | ●● | ● |