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Erschienen in:
2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Anticipative and Ethic Modalities: Japanese Hazu and Beki
verfasst von : Lukas Rieser
Erschienen in: New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence
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Abstract
The Japanese modals hazu and beki respectively correspond to alleged weak epistemic and deontic necessity readings of English ought. I propose a novel analysis of weak necessity as generic as opposed to the individual modality of both strong necessity and possibility modals, using ingredients from extant analysis of modality in a possible-world framework. On my view, the modal flavor of hazu is anticipative, replacing the epistemic modal base with a circumstantial one, that of beki ethic, differing from deontic modality in that its replaces individuated with idealistic norms. Both share the absence of agent-variables in the conversational background, which distinguishes them from individual modals. I conclude that the view from Japanese with its articulated and unambiguous modal inventory explains the strong/weak necessity distinction better than extant analyses.