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Knowledge and Information Systems
Erschienen in: Knowledge and Information Systems 6/2022

23.05.2022 | Survey Paper

Applications of deep learning for phishing detection: a systematic literature review

verfasst von: Cagatay Catal, Görkem Giray, Bedir Tekinerdogan, Sandeep Kumar, Suyash Shukla

Erschienen in: Knowledge and Information Systems | Ausgabe 6/2022

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Abstract

Phishing attacks aim to steal confidential information using sophisticated methods, techniques, and tools such as phishing through content injection, social engineering, online social networks, and mobile applications. To avoid and mitigate the risks of these attacks, several phishing detection approaches were developed, among which deep learning algorithms provided promising results. However, the results and the corresponding lessons learned are fragmented over many different studies and there is a lack of a systematic overview of the use of deep learning algorithms in phishing detection. Hence, we performed a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify, assess, and synthesize the results on deep learning approaches for phishing detection as reported by the selected scientific publications. We address nine research questions and provide an overview of how deep learning algorithms have been used for phishing detection from several aspects. In total, 43 journal articles were selected from electronic databases to derive the answers for the defined research questions. Our SLR study shows that except for one study, all the provided models applied supervised deep learning algorithms. The widely used data sources were URL-related data, third party information on the website, website content-related data, and email. The most used deep learning algorithms were deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional neural networks, and recurrent neural networks/long short-term memory networks. DNN and hybrid deep learning algorithms provided the best performance among other deep learning-based algorithms. 72% of the studies did not apply any feature selection algorithm to build the prediction model. PhishTank was the most used dataset among other datasets. While Keras and Tensorflow were the most preferred deep learning frameworks, 46% of the articles did not mention any framework. This study also highlights several challenges for phishing detection to pave the way for further research.
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Metadaten
Titel
Applications of deep learning for phishing detection: a systematic literature review
verfasst von
Cagatay Catal
Görkem Giray
Bedir Tekinerdogan
Sandeep Kumar
Suyash Shukla
Publikationsdatum
23.05.2022
Verlag
Springer London
Erschienen in
Knowledge and Information Systems / Ausgabe 6/2022
Print ISSN: 0219-1377
Elektronische ISSN: 0219-3116
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-022-01672-x

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