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2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Arsenic Groundwater Contamination Related Socio-Economic Problems in India: Issues and Challenges

verfasst von : Barun Kumar Thakur, Vijaya Gupta, Utpal Chattopadhyay

Erschienen in: Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

Water is increasingly becoming a scarce resource, both in terms of quantity as well as quality. Due to increasing population growth, urbanization and rapid industrialization, surface water and groundwater in many places have become scarce resources. Over the years, excess exploitation of both groundwater and surface water resources has caused serious problems in water pollution, as almost 70 per cent of total surface water resources and growing percentages of groundwater are contaminated by biological, toxic, organic and inorganic pollutants (Ministry of water resources 2000).

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Vorheriges Kapitel The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Insect Pests in Cultivated Ecosystems: An Indian Perspective

Nächstes Kapitel Climate Change and Tomography

World Health Organization (WHO) study in 2010, estimates 130 million people are globally affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater. In 2008, a study by Ravenscroft et al. suggested that more than 150 million people worldwide are affected by arsenic contamination of ground water. More than 60 per cent of the people globally affected by groundwater arsenic contamination reside in India (mainly West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand and some parts of Uttar Pradesh and north eastern states) and Bangladesh, while Nepal accounted for around 2.5 million people. The real number will be more in the future as the effect of arsenic contamination can be seen in the long run. In recent times, arsenic related health concerns have been seen in Bihar.

Some of the studies have been carried out on arsenic contaminated water are Chakraborti and Saha (1987), Canter (1997), Jain and Ali (2000), Saxena et al. (2004), Chakraborti et al. (2006), Ghosh et al. (2007), Roy Joyshree (2007, 2008), Khan (2007), and Khan and Haque (2011).

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United Nations reports estimates that the total amount of water available on earth is about 1,400 million km³ which is enough to cover the earth with a layer of 3,000 m depth.

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Titel: Arsenic Groundwater Contamination Related Socio-Economic Problems in India: Issues and Challenges
verfasst von: Barun Kumar Thakur
Vijaya Gupta
Utpal Chattopadhyay
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-36142-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-36143-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36143-2_10

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