Art Image Complexity Measurement Based on Visual Cognition: Evidence from Eye-Tracking Metrics

In order to obtain the physiological and psychological indicators of the visual complexity of art images from the perspective of visual cognition, this study explored the relationship between eye-tracking metrics and the psychological factors. The study invited 16 participants (8 females, age range 23.81 ± 0.98) to participate in the experiment. In this study, eye-tracking experiments and a questionnaire of psychological factors affecting visual complexity were conducted. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the fixation length, first fixation time and visual complexity. Image with the complexity score interval [74, 100] has a high mental workload on visual processing. There is a significant linear relationship between the fixation count and visual complexity. In addition, the analysis of the psychological scale shows that psychological factors have a positive significant correlation with visual complexity. The participants show sensitivity to the factor of color, texture, and cognitive on visual complexity, but were insensitive to shape factors.