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2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Autonomy of Mobile Robots

verfasst von : Georg Heppner, Ruediger Dillmann

Erschienen in: Dehumanization of Warfare

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

What do we actually mean when we talk about “autonomous mobile robots”? This chapter gives an introduction into the technical side of autonomy of mobile robots in the current state of the art and provides the relevant technical background for discussions about autonomy in mobile robot systems. A short history of robotic development explains the origins of robotics and its development from industrial machines into autonomous agents. The term “autonomous robot” is looked at in more detail by presenting the way of decision-making with different categories of robots and by introducing the general model of a rational agent for decision making. Additionally a short outlook on the process of understanding the environment is discussed, giving an overview of the individual steps from sensing up to interpretation of a scene. Selected examples of modern robots present the current state of the art and its limitations within this field. Overall, this introduction provides the required technical insight for non robotic experts to get an understanding of the term autonomous mobile robots and the implications for regulations concerning it.

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Fußnoten
1
This introductory text is targeted at non robotic experts. Its purpose is to give a concise introduction and overview rather than to provide a complete and exhaustive discussion.
 
2
Yu-Gang and Meng-Hui (2007).
 
3
Siciliano and Khatib (2008).
 
4
Siciliano and Khatib (2008), p. 964.
 
5
Kumar et al. (2008), p. 89.
 
6
Siciliano and Khatib (2008).
 
7
Various (1911).
 
8
At least for a certain amount of time.
 
9
Roennau et al. (2014).
 
10
Hermann et al. (2013).
 
11
Russell and Norvig (2002), p. 32.
 
12
Pfotzer et al. (2015).
 
13
2.5 D denotes maps that are basically two dimensional but contain information such as inclination or multiple height levels.
 
14
Oberlander et al. (2014).
 
15
Kohlhaas et al. (2013).
 
16
Schamm and Zöllner (2011).
 
17
There are of course projects that focus on this issue, however, they are currently researched and not yet found in many robots that are used in real world applications.
 
Literatur
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Zurück zum Zitat Kohlhaas R, Schamm T, Lenk D, Zöllner J (2013) Towards driving autonomously: autonomous cruise control in urban environments. In: Intelligent vehicles symposium (IV) (2013). IEEE, New York, pp 116–121CrossRef Kohlhaas R, Schamm T, Lenk D, Zöllner J (2013) Towards driving autonomously: autonomous cruise control in urban environments. In: Intelligent vehicles symposium (IV) (2013). IEEE, New York, pp 116–121CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar V, Bekey GA, Ambrose R, Lavery D, Sanderson D, Yuh J, Wilcox B (2008) Robotics: state of the art and future challenges. Imperial College Press, London Kumar V, Bekey GA, Ambrose R, Lavery D, Sanderson D, Yuh J, Wilcox B (2008) Robotics: state of the art and future challenges. Imperial College Press, London
Zurück zum Zitat Oberlander J, Klemm S, Heppner G, Roennau A, Dillmann R (2014) A multi-resolution 3-d environment model for autonomous planetary exploration. In: 2014 IEEE international conference on automation science and engineering (CASE). IEEE, New York, pp 229–235CrossRef Oberlander J, Klemm S, Heppner G, Roennau A, Dillmann R (2014) A multi-resolution 3-d environment model for autonomous planetary exploration. In: 2014 IEEE international conference on automation science and engineering (CASE). IEEE, New York, pp 229–235CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Russell SJ, Norvig P (2002) Artificial intelligence: a modern approach, 2nd edn. Pearson Education, Harlow Russell SJ, Norvig P (2002) Artificial intelligence: a modern approach, 2nd edn. Pearson Education, Harlow
Zurück zum Zitat Schamm T, Zöllner J (2011) A model-based approach to probabilistic situation assessment for driver assistance systems. In: 14th international IEEE conference on intelligent transportation systems (ITSC) Schamm T, Zöllner J (2011) A model-based approach to probabilistic situation assessment for driver assistance systems. In: 14th international IEEE conference on intelligent transportation systems (ITSC)
Zurück zum Zitat Siciliano B, Khatib O (eds) (2008) Springer handbook of robotics. Springer, Berlin Siciliano B, Khatib O (eds) (2008) Springer handbook of robotics. Springer, Berlin
Zurück zum Zitat Various (1911) The encyclopaedia britannica, vol. 2, 11th edn., Part 1. Encyclopedia Britannica, Chicago Various (1911) The encyclopaedia britannica, vol. 2, 11th edn., Part 1. Encyclopedia Britannica, Chicago
Zurück zum Zitat Yu-Gang C, Meng-Hui H (2007) Searching ancient inventions from modern techniques-a research of walking horses with 8-link type leg mechanisms. In: Proceedings of twelfth world congress in mechanism and machine science Yu-Gang C, Meng-Hui H (2007) Searching ancient inventions from modern techniques-a research of walking horses with 8-link type leg mechanisms. In: Proceedings of twelfth world congress in mechanism and machine science
Metadaten
Titel
Autonomy of Mobile Robots
verfasst von
Georg Heppner
Ruediger Dillmann
Copyright-Jahr
2018
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67266-3_5

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