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Erschienen in:
2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Biogas Substrates from Municipalities and Industries
verfasst von : Ulrike Seyfert, Daniela Thrän, Jasmin Kalcher
Erschienen in: Energy from Organic Materials (Biomass)
Verlag: Springer New York
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Excerpt
Bioenergy
Energy from biomass [1].
Biogas substrate
Biomass that can be used for fermentation processes and which mainly are wet energy crops or residues.
Biogas
Gas originating from fermentation [2].
Biological oxygen demand (BOD5)
Amount of oxygen needed for biodegradation processes within 5 days [3].
Biomass residues
Biomass originating from sidestreams from agricultural, forestry, and industrial operations [1].
Biomass
Material from biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and transformed to fossil [1].
Biomethane
Upgraded biogas generated through the removal of carbon dioxide.
Biosludge
Sludge formed in the aeration basin during biological wastewater treatment or biological treatment process and separated by sedimentation or flotation [1].
Black liquor
Liquor obtained from wood during the process of pulp production; the energy content is mainly originating from the content of lignin removed from the wood in the pulping process [1].
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
Amount of oxygen needed for the complete oxidation of the compounds included in the water [3].
Contamination
Impurities resulting from exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance to a fuel [1].
Economic biomass potential
Fraction of the technical potential that can be used economically in the context of the economic framework [4].
Energy crops
Woody or herbaceous crops grown specifically for their fuel value [1].
Fruit biomass
Biomass from the parts of a plant which holds seeds [1].
Fuel
Energy carrier intended for energy conversion that can be solid, liquid, or gaseous [1].
Herbaceous biomass
Biomass from plants that has no woody stem and which dies back at the end of the growing season [1].
Horticultural residues
Biomass residues originating from production, harvesting, and processing in horticulture, including greenhouses [1].
Landscape management residues
Residues of woody, herbaceous, and fruit biomass originating from landscape, park, and cemetery management [1].
Realizable biomass potential
Expected use of biomass for energy purposes that mainly is part of the economic potential but can as well be greater as the option of using bioenergy is subsidized [4].
Segregated biomass
Landscape management residues.
Technical biomass potential
Part of the theoretical biomass potential which can be used for energy purposes given technical as well as structural and environmental restrictions, including priority for food and fodder production and material uses of biomass [4].
Theoretical biomass potential
Theoretical limit of the available energy supply from biomass in a defined area [4].