1 1. Background
2 2. Construction of an MRIO table
2.1 2.1 Background
(1) | Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries | (21) | Medicaments | (41) | Office machines and machinery for service industries | (61) | Gas, steam, and hot water supply |
(2) | Metal ores | (22) | Petroleum refinery products | (42) | Household electric and electronic appliances | (62) | Water supply and other sanitary services |
(3) | Nonmetal ores | (23) | Coal products | (43) | Electronic computing equipment and accessory equipment | (63) | Trade |
(4) | Coal, crude petroleum, and natural gas | (24) | Plastic products | (44) | Communication equipment | (64) | Financial service and insurance |
(5) | Food and tobacco | (25) | Rubber products | (45) | Applied electronic equipment and electric measuring instruments | (65) | Real estate agencies, managers, and rent |
(6) | Drinks | (26) | Glass and glass products | (46) | Semiconductor devices and integrated circuits | (66) | House rent (imputed house rent) |
(7) | Fabric | (27) | Cement and cement products | (47) | Electronic components | (67) | Transport |
(8) | Apparel and other ready-made textile products | (28) | Pottery, china, and earthenware | (48) | Industrial heavy electrical equipment | (68) | Telecommunication |
(9) | Timber and wooden products | (29) | Miscellaneous ceramic, stone and clay products | (49) | Other electrical equipment | (69) | Broadcasting |
(10) | Wooden furniture and accessories | (30) | Pig iron and crude steel | (50) | Motor vehicles | (70) | Information service |
(11) | Pulp and paper | (31) | Steel | (51) | Other motor vehicles | (71) | Internet services |
(12) | Converted paper products | (32) | Cast and forged materials | (52) | Steel ships and repair | (72) | Video and data entry |
(13) | Publishing and printing | (33) | Other iron or steel products | (53) | Other transportation equipment and repair | (73) | Advertising services |
(14) | Chemical fertilizer | (34) | Nonferrous metals | (54) | Precision machinery | (74) | Public administration |
(15) | Industrial inorganic chemicals | (35) | Nonferrous metal products | (55) | Miscellaneous manufacturing products | (75) | Education and research institute |
(16) | Petroleum chemical basic products | (36) | Metal products for construction and architecture | (56) | Reuse and recycling | (76) | Medical service, health, social security, and nursing care |
(17) | Organic chemical products | (37) | Other metal products | (57) | Construction and repair of construction | (77) | Goods renting/leasing |
(18) | Resin | (38) | General industrial machinery | (58) | Public construction | (78) | Other business services |
(19) | Chemical fiber | (39) | Special industrial machinery | (59) | Other civil engineering and construction | (79) | Personal service |
(20) | Final chemical products | (40) | Other general machines and parts | (60) | Electric power | (80) | Other |
2.2 2.2 Table construction methods
3 3. Carbon footprint analysis method
4 4. Results
4.1 4.1 Total emissions at the prefectural level
Emissions from production | Emissions from consumption | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Per capita | Total | Per capita | ||
(Mt CO2) | (t CO2) | (Mt CO2) | (t CO2) | ||
(1) | Hokkaido | 44 (10) | 7.8 (25) | 48 (5) | 8.5 (10) |
(2) | Aomori | 10 (31) | 7.1 (31) | 11 (29) | 7.5 (33) |
(3) | Iwate | 7 (40) | 5.3 (43) | 10 (31) | 7.6 (30) |
(4) | Miyagi | 17 (21) | 7.1 (30) | 18 (15) | 7.6 (26) |
(5) | Akita | 8 (38) | 7.2 (29) | 9 (34) | 8.1 (18) |
(6) | Yamagata | 6 (43) | 5.1 (46) | 9 (35) | 7.6 (29) |
(7) | Fukushima | 49 (7) | 23.4 (2) | 16 (17) | 7.7 (25) |
(8) | Ibaraki | 51 (6) | 17.0 (6) | 25 (11) | 8.5 (9) |
(9) | Tochigi | 12 (29) | 5.8 (40) | 15 (20) | 7.4 (36) |
(10) | Gumma | 13 (27) | 6.3 (35) | 14 (22) | 6.9 (43) |
(11) | Saitama | 30 (15) | 4.3 (47) | 47 (6) | 6.7 (48) |
(12) | Chiba | 91 (1) | 15.0 (8) | 44 (7) | 7.3 (38) |
(13) | Tokyo | 87 (2) | 6.9 (33) | 157 (1) | 12.4 (1) |
(14) | Kanagawa | 65 (4) | 7.4 (26) | 73 (2) | 8.3 (12) |
(15) | Niigata | 33 (13) | 13.5 (10) | 20 (13) | 8.4 (11) |
(16) | Toyama | 12 (30) | 10.4 (17) | 8 (39) | 7.4 (37) |
(17) | Ishikawa | 9 (34) | 8.0 (24) | 11 (30) | 9.0 (4) |
(18) | Fukui | 20 (19) | 24.4 (1) | 7 (43) | 8.0 (21) |
(19) | Yamanashi | 5 (46) | 5.3 (42) | 7 (42) | 7.9 (22) |
(20) | Nagano | 16 (22) | 7.3 (28) | 16 (18) | 7.2 (41) |
(21) | Gifu | 15 (25) | 7.3 (27) | 14 (21) | 6.8 (46) |
(22) | Shizuoka | 32 (14) | 8.4 (23) | 31 (10) | 8.3 (14) |
(23) | Aichi | 79 (3) | 10.9 (15) | 66 (4) | 9.0 (3) |
(24) | Mie | 22 (18) | 11.9 (11) | 19 (14) | 10.0 (2) |
(25) | Shiga | 7 (41) | 5.2 (45) | 12 (26) | 8.6 (8) |
(26) | Kyoto | 15 (24) | 5.8 (41) | 18 (16) | 6.7 (47) |
(27) | Osaka | 57 (5) | 6.4 (34) | 72 (3) | 8.1 (17) |
(28) | Hyogo | 47 (8) | 8.5 (22) | 40 (8) | 7.2 (39) |
(29) | Nara | 5 (44) | 3.6 (48) | 10 (33) | 6.8 (44) |
(30) | Wakayama | 15 (23) | 14.9 (9) | 9 (38) | 8.3 (15) |
(31) | Tottori | 4 (47) | 5.9 (39) | 5 (47) | 7.9 (23) |
(32) | Shimane | 8 (39) | 10.6 (16) | 6 (45) | 8.1 (19) |
(33) | Okayama | 35 (12) | 17.9 (4) | 15 (19) | 7.9 (24) |
(34) | Hiroshima | 45 (9) | 15.6 (7) | 25 (12) | 8.7 (6) |
(35) | Yamaguchi | 26 (16) | 17.1 (5) | 11 (27) | 7.5 (31) |
(36) | Tokushima | 9 (36) | 11.4 (13) | 7 (41) | 8.7 (7) |
(37) | Kagawa | 9 (35) | 9.2 (18) | 8 (40) | 7.6 (27) |
(38) | Ehime | 17 (20) | 11.6 (12) | 13 (24) | 9.0 (5) |
(39) | Koch | 5 (45) | 6.2 (37) | 7 (44) | 8.2 (16) |
(40) | Fukuoka | 43 (11) | 8.5 (21) | 36 (9) | 7.1 (42) |
(41) | Saga | 10 (33) | 11.1 (14) | 6 (46) | 6.8 (45) |
(42) | Nagasaki | 13 (26) | 8.9 (20) | 11 (28) | 7.6 (28) |
(43) | Kumamoto | 10 (32) | 5.2 (44) | 13 (23) | 7.2 (40) |
(44) | Oita | 24 (17) | 19.5 (3) | 9 (37) | 7.5 (35) |
(45) | Miyazaki | 7 (42) | 6.1 (38) | 9 (36) | 8.0 (20) |
(46) | Kagoshima | 12 (28) | 6.9 (32) | 13 (25) | 7.5 (34) |
(47) | Okinawa | 8 (37) | 6.2 (36) | 10 (32) | 7.5 (32) |
Total | 1163 – | 9.1 – | 1061 – | 8.3 – |
4.2 4.2 Carbon leakage and economic leakage: the case of Tokyo
Agriculture, forestry and fisheries (1) | Fabric (7) | Metal products for construction and architecture (36) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbon footprint | Induced production | Carbon footprint | Induced production | Carbon footprint | Induced production | ||
(1) | Hokkaido | 8.85 | 9.34 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 2.51 | 1.47 |
(2) | Aomori | 2.45 | 2.61 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.68 | 0.34 |
(3) | Iwate | 1.79 | 1.96 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.70 |
(4) | Miyagi | 2.14 | 2.22 | 0.27 | O.29 | 1.20 | 2.14 |
(5) | Akita | 1.55 | 1.52 | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.40 |
(6) | Yamagata | 1.66 | 1.79 | 0.37 | 0.48 | 0.14 | 0.36 |
(7) | Fukushima | 3.57 | 2.26 | 2.51 | 0.60 | 1.85 | 1.09 |
(8) | Jbaraki | 3.97 | 3.52 | 2.70 | 2.05 | 8.04 | 5.91 |
(9) | Tochigi | 1.70 | 2.02 | 0.27 | 0.39 | 11.8` | 2.76 |
(10) | Gumma | 1.79 | 1.94 | 1.55 | 1.91 | 0.62 | 1.75 |
(11) | Saitama | 1.06 | 1.33 | 1.20 | 1.82 | 1.01 | 3.22 |
(12) | Chiba | 5.66 | 4.54 | 3.40 | 1.90 | 13.51 | 8.32 |
(13) | Tokyo | 14.29 | 17.43 | 8.49 | 13.19 | 13.51 | 8.32 |
(14) | Kanagawa | 2.21 | 2.01 | 2.25 | 2.07 | 4.13 | 3.34 |
(15) | Niigata | 3.48 | 2.82 | 2.74 | 2.00 | 1.78 | 1.91 |
(16) | Toyama | 0.96 | 0.86 | 1.93 | 1.56 | 2.59 | 5.87 |
(17) | Ishikawa | 0.70 | 0.70 | 4.115 | 3.35 | 2.21 | 0.35 |
(18) | Fukui | 0.96 | 0.45 | 5.80 | 5.52 | 0.93 | 0.87 |
(19) | Yamanashi | 0.59 | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.46 | 0.57 | 1.32 |
(20) | Nagano | 2.26 | 2.19 | 0.61 | 0.46 | 0.57 | 1.32 |
(21) | Gifu | 0.78 | 0.79 | 4.03 | 5.00 | 0.86 | 1.86 |
(22) | Shizuoka | 2.51 | 2.61 | 12.72 | 13.22 | 7.01 | 5.99 |
(23) | Aichi | 2.51 | 2.61 | 12.72 | 13.22 | 7.01 | 5.99 |
(24) | Mie | 1.52 | 1.43 | 1.93 | 1.63 | 0.92 | 2.25 |
(25) | Shiga | 0.58 | 0.76 | 3.26 | 4.49 | 0.47 | 2.42 |
(26) | Kyoto | 0.60 | 0.66 | 3.09 | 3.22 | 0.42 | 0.66 |
(27) | Osaka | 1.56 | 2.01 | 5.47 | 7.70 | 4.54 | 8.70 |
(28) | Hyogo | 1.51 | 1.53 | 3.30 | 3.08 | 6.75 | 5.33 |
(29) | Nara | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.62 | 0.86 | 0.20 | 0.87 |
(30) | Wakayama | 1.60 | 1.57 | 3.95 | 5.20 | 2.71 | 1.55 |
(31) | Tottori | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.12 |
(32) | Shimane | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.51 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.35 |
(33) | Okayama | 1.38 | 1.14 | 2.90 | 2.73 | 6.67 | 2.34 |
(34) | Hiroshima | 1.07 | 0.89 | 2.04 | 1.85 | 9.44 | 4.11 |
(35) | Yamaguchi | 1.32 | 0.86 | 2.43 | 1.16 | 1.97 | 1.73 |
(36) | Tokushima | 1.11 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 0.87 | 0.40 | 0.35 |
(37) | Kagawa | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 1.00 | 1.96 |
(38) | Ehime | 2.22 | 0.91 | 4.22 | 2.63 | 0.65 | 1.96 |
(39) | Koch | 0.94 | 1.01 | 2.21 | 2.27 | 0.11 | 0.97 |
(40) | Fukuoka | 2.19 | 2.29 | 0.59 | 0.67 | 5.25 | 3.20 |
(41) | Saga | 1.44 | 1.37 | 0.33 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 0.34 |
(42) | Nagasaki | 1.99 | 1.87 | 0.39 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.20 |
(43) | Kumamoto | 2.03 | 2.04 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 1.39 |
(44) | Oita | 1.71 | 1.52 | 0.89 | 0.66 | 4.12 | 1.32 |
(45) | Miyazaki | 2.23 | 2.32 | 1.35 | 0.76 | 0.27 | 0.25 |
(46) | Kagoshima | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.19 | 0.27 |
(47) | Okinawa | 0.58 | 0.53 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.19 |
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
Total (1000 t Co2 or billion yen) | 1180 | 814 | 180 | 91 | 60 | 30 | |
House rent (imputed house rent) (66) | Total final demand | ||||||
Carbon footprint | Induced production | Carbon footprint | Induced production | ||||
(1) | Hokkaido | 2.26 | 0.12 | 1.72 | 1.13 | ||
(2) | Aomori | 0.48 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.24 | ||
(3) | Iwate | 0.52 | 0.03 | 0.31 | 0.33 | ||
(4) | Miyagi | 0.91 | 0.07 | 0.72 | 0.63 | ||
(5) | Akita | 0.43 | 0.02 | 0.54 | 0.20 | ||
(6) | Yamagata | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.54 | 0.20 | ||
(7) | Fukushima | 3.83 | 0.07 | 5.65 | 0.90 | ||
(8) | Ibaraki | 4.23 | 0.12 | 2.82 | 1.18 | ||
(9) | Tochigi | 0.96 | 0.05 | 0.57 | 0.73 | ||
(10) | Gumma | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 0.83 | ||
(11) | Saitama | 2.73 | 0.25 | 1.55 | 1.81 | ||
(12) | Chiba | 5.41 | 0.19 | 5.51 | 1.65 | ||
(13) | Tokyo | 31.74 | 96.54 | 41.78 | 65.68 | ||
(14) | Kanagawa | 3.16 | 0.25 | 2.98 | 2.73 | ||
(15) | Niigata | 2.29 | 0.06 | 2.77 | 0.67 | ||
(16) | Toyama | 0.59 | 0.04 | 0.57 | 0.30 | ||
(17) | Ishikawa | 0.42 | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.28 | ||
(18) | Fukui | 1.61 | 0.03 | 2.20 | 0.27 | ||
(19) | Yamanashi | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 2.26 | ||
(20) | Nagano | 0.88 | 0.05 | 1.22 | 0.76 | ||
(21) | Gifu | 1.18 | 0.07 | 0.70 | 0.53 | ||
(22) | Shizuoka | 2.55 | 0.15 | 2.48 | 1.95 | ||
(23) | Aichi | 4.81 | 0.23 | 3.11 | 3.02 | ||
(24) | Mie | 1.64 | 0.08 | 1.24 | 0.90 | ||
(25) | Shiga | 0.82 | 0.05 | 0.39 | 0.59 | ||
(26) | Kyoto | 0.71 | 0.07 | 0.65 | 0.70 | ||
(27) | Osaka | 3.24 | 0.46 | 2.56 | 3.36 | ||
(28) | Hyogo | 2.72 | 0.14 | 1.86 | 1.54 | ||
(29) | Nara | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.21 | ||
(30) | Wakayama | 0.96 | 0.03 | 0.72 | 0.26 | ||
(31) | Tottori | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.13 | ||
(32) | Shimane | 0.59 | 0.02 | 0.74 | 0.16 | ||
(33) | Okayama | 1.95 | 0.07 | 1.45 | 0.65 | ||
(34) | Hiroshima | 2.41 | 0.10 | 1.75 | 0.81 | ||
(35) | Yamaguchi | 2.20 | 0.05 | 1.39 | 0.47 | ||
(36) | Tokushima | 0.57 | 0.03 | 0.65 | 0.21 | ||
(37) | Kagawa | 0.58 | 0.04 | 0.44 | 0.27 | ||
(38) | Ehime | 1.03 | 0.06 | 0.94 | 0.43 | ||
(39) | Koch | 0.51 | 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.09 | ||
(40) | Fukuoka | 3.14 | 0.15 | 1.55 | 1.08 | ||
(41) | Saga | 0.53 | 0.01 | 0.67 | 0.19 | ||
(42) | Nagasaki | 0.64 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.21 | ||
(43) | Kumamoto | 0.44 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.30 | ||
(44) | Oita | 1.59 | 0.04 | 1.09 | 0.37 | ||
(45) | Miyazaki | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.19 | ||
(46) | Kagoshima | 0.70 | 0.03 | 0.69 | 0.37 | ||
(47) | Okinawa | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 0.11 | ||
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |||
Total (1000 t Co2 or billion yen) | 1011 | 7974 | 130439 | 117219 |
Estimated by the table constructed in this paper | Estimated by the table compiled by METI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Carbon footprint | Induced production | Carbon footprint | Induced production | |
Hokkaido | 1.72 | 1.13 | 1.84 | 1.13 |
Including prefecture (1) | ||||
Tohoku | 7.79 | 2.61 | 8.13 | 2.63 |
Including prefectures (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), and (7) | ||||
Kanto | 62.42 | 78.25 | 64.90 | 80.26 |
Including prefectures (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (19), (20), and (22) | ||||
Chubu | 6.13 | 5.03 | 6.92 | 5.10 |
Including prefectures (16), (17), (21), (23), and (24) | ||||
Kinki | 8.51 | 6.92 | 8.01 | 5.79 |
Including prefectures (18), (25), (26), (27), (28), (29), and (30) | ||||
Chugoku | 5.44 | 2.23 | 4.85 | 2.17 |
Including prefectures (31), (32), (33), (34), and (35) | ||||
Shikoku | 2.22 | 1.00 | 1.68 | 0.83 |
Including prefectures (36), (37), (38), and (39) | ||||
Kyushu | 5.53 | 2.71 | 3.47 | 2.01 |
Including prefectures (40), (41), (42), (43), (44), (45), and (46) | ||||
Okinawa | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.09 |
Including prefecture (47) | ||||
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Total (1000 t CO2 or billion yen) | 130,439 | 117,219 | 128,071 | 118,482 |