Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences 4/2016

01.02.2016 | Original Article

Chemical fractionation, mobility and environmental impacts of heavy metals in greenhouse soils from Çanakkale, Turkey

verfasst von: Ali Sungur, Mustafa Soylak, Hasan Özcan

Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences | Ausgabe 4/2016

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to identify possible heavy metal pollution risks in greenhouse soils. Collected soil samples were subjected to heavy metal analysis to determine Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations. Binding forms of the metals were determined by following a sequential extraction procedure. The wet digestion method with aqua regia procedure was employed to find the pseudo total heavy metal concentrations of soil samples. BCR-701 and NIM-GBW07425 certified reference materials were used to validate the reliability of the methods. Contamination factor, potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code were used to assess the environmental impacts of heavy metals in greenhouse and field samples. Results of extractable amounts of heavy metals from greenhouse samples revealed that mobile fractions of Cd, Pb and Ni were higher than immobile fractions and mobile fractions of Cr and Zn were closer to immobile fractions. Human-induced effects were considered the primary reason for this. Soil pH and organic matter content were found to be highly correlated with heavy metals of soil samples from greenhouses. With regard to environmental impacts of heavy metals, Cd was much more mobile in greenhouse samples than in field samples, retained less in ambient soil and had high environmental risks. It was observed that Cd was highly mobile, less retained and exerted higher environmental risks. With regard to environmental risks, Cd was followed respectively by Pb, Cr and Zn in greenhouse soils. Sequential extraction yielded significant information about mobility, behavior and environmental impacts of heavy metals.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
  1. Adamo P, Zampella M, Gianfreda L, Renella G, Rutigliano FA, Terribile F (2006) Impact of river overflowing on trace element contamination of volcanic soils in south Italy. Part I: Trace element speciation in relation to soil properties. Environ Pollut 144(1):308–316View Article
  2. Adriano DC (2001) Trace elements in the terrestrial environment. Springer-Verlag, New YorkView Article
  3. Alloway BJ (1990) Heavy metals in soils. Blackie Academic and Professional, Glasgow
  4. Antibachi D, Kelepertzis E, Kelepertsis A (2012) Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Mouriki-Thiva area (Central Greece) and environmental impact implications. Soil Sediment Contam 21(4):434–450View Article
  5. Atılgan A, Coşkan A, Saltuk B, Erkan M (2007) The level of chemical and organic fertilizer usage and potential environmental impacts in greenhouses in Antalya region. Ekoloji 15(62):37–47 (in Turkish)
  6. Bai LY, Zeng XB, Li LF, Pen C, Li SH (2010) Effects of land use on heavy metal accumulation in soils and sources analysis. Agri Sci China 9(11):1650–1658View Article
  7. Bai LY, Zeng XB, Su SM, Duan R, Wang YN, Gao X (2015) Heavy metal accumulation and source analysis in greenhouse soils of Wuwei District, Gansu Province, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22(7):5359–5369View Article
  8. Barona A, Aranguiz I, Elias A (1999) Assessment of metal extraction, distribution and contamination in surface soils by a 3-step sequential extraction procedure. Chemosphere 39(11):1911–1922View Article
  9. Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of soils. Agron J 43(9):434–438View Article
  10. Chabukdhara M, Nema AK (2011) Heavy metals in water, sediments, and aquatic macrophytes: river Hindon, India. J Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste 16(3):273–281View Article
  11. Chen Z, He M, Sakurai K, Kang Y, Iwasaki K (2007) Concentrations and chemical forms of heavy metals in urban soils of Shanghai, China. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 53(4):517–529View Article
  12. Chen Y, Huang B, Hu W, Weindorf DC, Yang L (2013) Environmental assessment of closed greenhouse vegetable production system in Nanjing, China. J Soils Sediments 13(8):1418–1429View Article
  13. Chen Y, Huang B, Hu W, Weindorf DC, Liu X, Yang L (2014) Accumulation and ecological effects of soil heavy metals in conventional and organic greenhouse vegetable production systems in Nanjing, China. Environ Earth Sci 71(8):3605–3616View Article
  14. Cook SR, Parker A (2006) Sequential extraction and single-step cold-acid extraction: a feasibility study for use with freshwater-canal sediments. Water Air Soil Pollut 170(1–4):95–105View Article
  15. Dacera DD, Babel S (2013) Effect of drying process on heavy metals fractionation of contaminated sludge for land application. Soil Sediment Contam 22(4):457–468View Article
  16. Delgado J, Barba-Brioso C, Nieto JM, Boski T (2011) Speciation and ecological risk of toxic elements in estuarine sediments affected by multiple anthropogenic contributions (Guadiana saltmarshes, SW Iberian Peninsula). I: Surficial sediments. Sci Total Environ 409(19):3666–3679View Article
  17. Devi P, Saroha AK (2014) Risk analysis of pyrolyzed biochar made from paper mill effluent treatment plant sludge for bioavailability and eco-toxicity of heavy metals. Bioresour Technol 162:308–315View Article
  18. Emekli NY, Büyüktaş D, Büyüktaş K (2008) Current state and structural problems of the greenhouses in antalya region. Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Derim Dergisi 25(1):26–39 (in Tukish)
  19. Ettler V, Mihaljevič M, Šebek O, Grygar T (2007) Assessment of single extractions for the determination of mobile forms of metals in highly polluted soils and sediments—analytical and thermodynamic approaches. Anal Chim Acta 602(1):131–140View Article
  20. Fernandes HM (1997) Heavy metal distribution in sediments and ecological risk assessment: the role of diagenetic processes in reducing metal toxicity in bottom sediments. Environ Pollut 97(3):317–325View Article
  21. Fuentes A, Lloréns M, Sáez J, Aguilar MI, Ortuno JF, Meseguer VF (2008) Comparative study of six different sludges by sequential speciation of heavy metals. Bioresour Technol 99(3):517–525View Article
  22. Gil C, Boluda R, Ramos J (2004) Determination and evaluation of cadmium, lead and nickel in greenhouse soils of Almerıa (Spain). Chemosphere 55(7):1027–1034View Article
  23. Golia EE, Dimirkou A, Mitsios IK (2009) Heavy-metal concentration in tobacco leaves in relation to their available soil fractions. Commun Soil Sci Plan 40(1–6):106–120View Article
  24. Greweling T, Peech M (1960) Chemical soil tests. Cornell University, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 960. Ithaca, New York
  25. Gundersen P, Steinnes E (2003) Influence of pH and TOC concentration on Cu, Zn, Cd, and Al speciation in rivers. Water Res 37(2):307–318View Article
  26. Han FX, Kingery WL, Selim HM, Gerard PD (2000) Accumulation of heavy metals in a long-term poultry waste-amended soil. Soil Sci 165(3):260–268View Article
  27. Hu W, Chen Y, Huang B, Niedermann S (2014) Health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from a typical greenhouse vegetable production system in China. Human Ecol Risk Assess 20(5):1264–1280View Article
  28. Huang SW, Jin JY (2008) Status of heavy metals in agricultural soils as affected by different patterns of land use. Environ Monit Assess 139(1–3):317–327View Article
  29. Jamali MK, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Arain MB, Jalbani N, Memon AR (2007) Speciation of heavy metals in untreated domestic wastewater sludge by time saving BCR sequential extraction method. J Environ Sci Heal A 42(5):649–659View Article
  30. Jin YQ, Ma XJ, Jiang XG, Liu HM, Li XD, Yan JH, Cen KF (2012) Effects of hydrothermal treatment on the major heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration. Energy Fuel 27(1):394–400View Article
  31. Kelepertzis E (2014) Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils of Mediterranean: insights from Argolida basin, Peloponnese, Greece. Geoderma 221:82–90View Article
  32. Kelepertzis E, Paraskevopoulou V, Argyraki A, Fligos G, Chalkiadaki O (2015) Evaluation of single extraction procedures for the assessment of heavy metal extractability in citrus agricultural soil of a typical Mediterranean environment (Argolida, Greece). J Soils Sediments. doi:10.​1007/​s11368-015-1163-x
  33. Kong X, Cao J, Tang R, Zhang S, Dong F (2014) Pollution of intensively managed greenhouse soils by nutrients and heavy metals in the Yellow River Irrigation Region, Northwest China. Environ Monit Assess 186:7719–7731View Article
  34. Lakkas T (1985) Heavy metals in the environment, vol 2. CEP Consultants, Edinburgh
  35. Li H, Qian X, Hu W, Wang Y, Gao H (2013) Chemical speciation and human health risk of trace metals in urban street dusts from a metropolitan city, Nanjing, SE China. Sci Total Environ 456:212–221View Article
  36. Liu C, Cui J, Jiang G, Chen X, Wang L, Fang C (2013) Soil heavy metal pollution assessment near the largest landfill of China. Soil Sediment Contam 22(4):390–403View Article
  37. Martin JR, Ramos-Miras JJ, Boluda R, Gil C (2013) Spatial relations of heavy metals in arable and greenhouse soils of a Mediterranean environment region (Spain). Geoderma 200:180–188View Article
  38. Naeem K, Yawar W, Akhter P, Rehana I (2012) Atomic absorption spectrometric determination of cadmium and lead in soil after total digestion. Asia Pac J Chem Eng 7(2):295–301View Article
  39. Nannoni F, Protano G, Riccobono F (2011) Fractionation and geochemical mobility of heavy elements in soils of a mining area in northern Kosovo. Geoderma 161(1):63–73View Article
  40. Narin I, Soylak M, Dogan M (1997) Traffic pollution in Nigde-Turkiye: investigation of trace element contents of soil samples. Fresen Environ Bull 6:749–752
  41. Nelson D, Sommers LE (1982) Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Page AL et al (eds) Methods of soil analysis, part 2: chemical and microbiological properties, 2nd edn. ASA, SSSA, Madison, pp 539–579
  42. Nemati K, Bakar NKA, Abas MR, Sobhanzadeh E (2011) Speciation of heavy metals by modified BCR sequential extraction procedure in different depths of sediments from Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. J Hazard Mater 192(1):402–410
  43. Qian JIN, Shan X, Wang Z, Tu Q (1996) Distribution and plant availability of heavy metals in different particle-size fractions of soil. Sci Total Environ 187(2):131–141View Article
  44. Rauret G (1998) Extraction procedures for the determination of heavy metals in contaminated soil and sediment. Talanta 46(3):449–455View Article
  45. Rauret G, Lopez-Sanchez JF, Sahuquillo A, Rubio R, Davidson C, Ure A, Quevauviller Ph (1999) Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials. J Environ Monitor 1(1):57–61View Article
  46. Richards LA (1954) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. Soil Sci 78(2):154View Article
  47. Saracoglu S, Soylak M, Elci L (2009) Extractable trace metals content of dust from vehicle air filters as determined by sequential extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J AOAC Int 92(4):1196–1202
  48. Soylak M, Turkoglu O (1999) Trace metal accumulation caused by traffic in agricultural soil near a motorway in Kayseri-Turkey. J Trace Microprobe T 17:209–217
  49. Soylak M, Uzek U, Narin I, Tuzen M, Turkoglu O, Elci L (2004) Application of the sequential extraction procedure for dust samples from Kayseri-Turkey. Fresen Environ Bull 13(5):454–457
  50. Sprynskyy M, Kowalkowski T, Tutu H, Cozmuta LM, Cukrowska EM, Buszewski B (2011) The adsorption properties of agricultural and forest soils towards heavy metal ions (Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd). Soil Sediment Contam 20(1):12–29View Article
  51. Sungur A, Özcan H (2015) Chemometric and geochemical study of the heavy metal accumulation in the soils of a salt marsh area (Kavak Delta, NW Turkey). J Soils Sediments 15(2):323–331View Article
  52. Sungur A, Soylak M, Yilmaz S, Özcan H (2014a) Determination of heavy metals in sediments of the Ergene River by BCR sequential extraction method. Environ Earth Sci 72:3292–3305View Article
  53. Sungur A, Soylak M, Özcan H (2014b) Investigation of heavy metal mobility and availability by the BCR sequential extraction procedure: relationship between soil properties and heavy metals availability. Chem Spec Bioavailab 26(4):219–230View Article
  54. Sungur A, Soylak M, Yilmaz E, Yilmaz S, Ozcan H (2015) Characterization of heavy metal fractions in agricultural soils by sequential extraction procedure: the relationship between soil properties and heavy metal fractions. Soil Sediment Contam 24(1):1–15View Article
  55. Topcuoğlu B (2005) Effects of repeated applications of sewage sludge and MSW compost on the bioavailability of heavy metals in greenhouse soil. Pol J Environ Stud 14(2):217–222
  56. Tuzen M, Sari H, Soylak M (2004) Microwave and wet digestion procedures for atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace metals contents of sediment samples. Anal Lett 37(9):1925–1936View Article
  57. Unsal YE, Yilmaz E, Soylak M, Tuzen M (2013) Trace element contents of raisins, grapes and soil samples from Incesu-Kayseri, Turkey. Fresen Environ Bull 22(5):1441–1445
  58. Unsal YE, Soylak M, Tuzen M (2014) Evaluation of metal concentrations of soil samples from Yahyali-Kayseri, Turkey. Fresen Environ Bull 23:2488–2491
  59. Wang S, Lin C, Cao X (2011) Heavy metals content and distribution in the surface sediments of the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River, Southern China. Environ Earth Sci 64(6):1593–1605View Article
  60. Zhang MK, Liu ZY, Wang H (2010) Use of single extraction methods to predict bioavailability of heavy metals in polluted soils to rice. Commun Soil Sci Plan 41(7):820–831View Article
  61. Zimmerman AJ, Weindorf DC (2010) Heavy metal and trace metal analysis in soil by sequential extraction: a review of procedures. Int J Anal Chem. doi:10.​1155/​2010/​387803
Metadaten
Titel
Chemical fractionation, mobility and environmental impacts of heavy metals in greenhouse soils from Çanakkale, Turkey
verfasst von
Ali Sungur
Mustafa Soylak
Hasan Özcan
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Environmental Earth Sciences / Ausgabe 4/2016
Print ISSN: 1866-6280
Elektronische ISSN: 1866-6299
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5268-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2016

Environmental Earth Sciences 4/2016 Zur Ausgabe