nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Chinese Private Enterprises: Evolution and Challenges for Leadership

verfasst von : Anne S. Tsui, Yingying Zhang, Xiao-Ping Chen

Erschienen in: Leadership of Chinese Private Enterprises

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

According to the IMF World Economic Outlook database, in 2014 China became the largest economy in the world, with a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$18.088 trillion (16.6 of the world total), based on purchasing power parity (PPP) valuation, surpassing the USA (US$17.348 trillion; 15.9 of the world total) (IMF 2015). It is an average GDP (PPP) per capita of $13,224, a growth of 42,764 % from 1980, the beginning of its economic reform period, when GDP (PPP) was US$309 per capita (IMF 2015). The estimated calculation of IMF data put China in the top position in 2015 in terms of PPP.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nächstes Kapitel Leadership Insights from Published Studies on Chinese Top Executives

Yuan (CNY) is the currency of the PRC, also called renminbi (RMB). By the mid-market rate of 1USD = 6.16 CNY, 1 EUR = 7.57 CNY; www.xe.com, accessed 8 December 2014.

ACFIC (All China Federation of Industry and Commerce) (Ed.) (2007) The Large-scale survey on private enterprises in China (1993–2006). Beijing: ACFIC Press. 中华全国工商业联合会(编, 2007, 中国私营企业大型调查(1993–2006), 北京:中华工商联合出版社.

Ahlstrom, D., & Bruton, G. D. (2001). Learning from successful local private firms in China: Establishing legitimacy. Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), 72–83.CrossRef

BBC News China (2012) China’s economic miracle. Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-20069627

Boisot, M., & Meyer, M. (2008). Which way through the open door? Reflections on the internationalization of Chinese firms. Management and Organization Review, 4(3), 349–365.CrossRef

Bregolat, E. (2014). The second Chinese revolution. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Cao, H. (2001). Guangcai program: Hope and happiness (in Chinese). In H. Zhang (Ed.), The blue book of private enterprises in China no. 2 (2000) (pp. 115–121). Beijing: Social Sciences Documentation Publishing House.

CCCPC Party Literature Research Office. (2009). China 1978–2008. Changsha: HuNan People Press. 中共中央文献研究室 (2009) 中国 1978–2008. 长沙: 湖南人民出版社.

Chandler, A. D. (1978). The visible hand: The managerial revolution in American business. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Chen, S. (2013). Are Chinese small and medium enterprises victims of institutional pitfalls? In G. Wang, and Y. Zheng (Eds), China: Development and governance 237–245. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.

Chen, W. (2007a). Does the colour of the cat matter? The red hat strategy in China’s private enterprises. Management and Organization Review, 3(1), 55–80.CrossRef

Chen, Y. (2007b). The development report of the private economy in China (in Chinese). In M. Huang (Ed.), The blue book of private economy in China No. 4 (2006–2007) (pp. 3–45). Beijing: Social Sciences Documentation Publishing House.

Chen, S. and Wallace, J. (2014) State advancing: China’s State-owned enterprises after the global financial crisis, Working paper. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://www.jeremywallace.org/work-in-progress.html

China Industry and Commerce News (2015) The report on national market’s main development. Retrieved March 2, 2015, from http://www.cicn.com.cn/content/2015-02/13/content_151232.htm. 中国工商报 (2015) 2015年1月全国市场主体发展报告.

China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program. (2016). Retrieved February 7, 2016, from http://www.cspgp.org.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/cspgp/english/index.html.

Coase, R., & Wang, N. (2012). How China became capitalist. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef

Cong, S. and Zhang, X. (1999). Economy development history of new China. Shanghai: Shanghai Finance and Economy University Press. 从树海,张行 (1999,新中国经济发展史, 上海:上海财经大学出版.

Deng, S., Li, M., Wu, X. and Su, J. (eds) (2005). Transit time (1970–1979) (China detailed events in history). JiLin: JiLin AudioVisual Publishing House. 邓书杰, 李梅, 吴晓莉, 苏继红 (编者) (2005) 转机时刻(1970-1979)(中国历史大事详解). 吉林:吉林音像出版社.

Deng, X.-P. (1994). Selected works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 3). Beijing: Foreign Language Press.

Diao, S. and Zhang, F. (2007). Deng Xiaoping’s historical contribution to protect China’s private property. Journal of Normal College of Qingdao University, 24(03): 11–18. 刁世存, 张丰国 (2007) 邓小平对中国私产保护的历史贡献. 青岛大学师范学院学报, 2007年9月第24卷第3期: 11–18 页.

Eaton, S. (2013). Political economy of the advancing state: The case of China’s Airlines reform. The China Journal, 69(January), 64–86.CrossRef

The Economist (2001). Special: Enter the dragon. (10 March): 23–25. Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.economist.com/node/526368

The Economist (2012). Inequality: Gini out of the bottle. Retrieved March 15, 2015, from http://www.economist.com/news/china/21570749-gini-out-bottle

The Economist (2015). Why China’s economy is slowing. Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2015/03/economist-explains-8

Feng, X. (2013). China’s Charitable Foundations: Development and policy-related issues. Stanford Center for International Development, Working paper No. 485.

Feng, X. and He, G. (2012). A report on the survival environment of Chinese private enterprises. Beijing: China Economic Publishing House. 冯兴元,何广文 (2012) 中国民营企业生存环境报告,北京:中国经济出版社.

Forbes (2014). China rich list. Retrieved March 13, 2013. from http://www.forbes.com/china-billionaires/list/#tab:overall

Garnaut, R., Song, L., Yao, Y. and Wang, X. (2012). Private enterprise in China. Australian National University, Canberra ePress.

Ge, W. (2011). China’s urban unemployment challenge. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(4), 16–31.

gov.cn (2012). Implementing regulations on encouraging and guiding healthy development of private investment, 24 July 2012. 中央政府门户网站 (2012, 鼓励引导民间投资健康发展实施细则出台, 2012 年7月 24 日. Retrieved April 10, 2015, from http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2012-07/24/content_2176326.htm

Guthrie, D. (1999). Dragon in a Three-Piece Suit: The emergence of capitalism in China. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Hsu, R. C. (1991). Economic theories in China, 1979–1988. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Huang, Y. (2008). Capitalism with Chinese characteristics: Entrepreneurship and the state, Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Huang, Y. (2011). Coordination of international competition policies—An anatomy based on Chinese reality. In A. Guzman (Ed.), Cooperation, comity and competition policy (pp. 229–264). New York: Oxford University Press.

Hurun Report (2014). Hurun 2014 Philanthropy List. Retrieved March 15, 2015, from http://www.hurun.net/CN/ArticleShow.aspx?nid=5581

IMF (International Monetary Fund) (2015). World Economic Outlook Database October 2015. Retrieved January 19, 2016, from http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/02/weodata/index.aspx

Kaiman, J. (2014). China gets richer but more unequal. The Guardian, 28 July 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2016, from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/28/china-more-unequal-richer

Kelliher, D. (1992). Peasant power in China: The era of rural reform, 1979–1989. New Haven, CT/London: Yale University Press.

Lardy, N. R. (2014). Markets over Mao: The rise of private business in China. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Li, X. and Liang, X. (2015). A Confucian social model of political appointments among Chinese private entrepreneurs. Academy of Management Journal, 58(2): 592–617.

Li, Y. (2006). Four hurdles hindering the development of non-public sectors, people net. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from http://theory.people.com.cn/GB/49154/49155/5141829.html. 厉以宁 (2006) 四道坎阻碍非剬有制经济发展,人民网.

Lin, N. (2011). Capitalism in China: A centrally managed capitalism (CMC) and its future. Management and Organization Review, 7(1), 63–96.CrossRef

Liu, J. (2015). SOE salary reform sets an example. China Daily USA. Retrieved March 18, 2015, from http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2015-01/05/content_19240882.htm

Liu, Y. (2003). Development of private entrepreneurship in China: Process, problems and countermeasures, in Entrepreneurship in Asia: Playbook for prosperity (CD publication by the Maureen and Mike Mansfield foundation program). Retrieved December 20, 2014, from http://www.mansfieldfdn.org/backup/programs/program_pdfs/ent_china.pdf

Lu, X. (Ed.) (2002). The study report of contemporary Chinese Social Class. Beijing: Social Science Academic Press. 陆学艺 (主编)(2002) 当代中国社会阶层研究报告, 北京: 社会科学文献出版社.

National Bureau of Statistics of China. (n.d.). China statistical yearbook, 1995–2014. Beijing: China Statistics Press.

Nee, V., & Opper, S. (2012). Capitalism from below: Market and institutional change in China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRef

Parker, J. K. (1992). China’s reform economists make comeback, support Deng, UPI Archives, 16 March 1992. Retrieved February 18, 2016, from http://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/03/16/Chinas-reform-economists-make-comeback-support-Deng/9107700722000/

People’s Daily (2005). Rules on non-public economy’s entry into mineral resource area to release. Retrieved December 12, 2014, from http://en.people.cn/200510/13/eng20051013_214198.html

People’s Daily (2013). Civil-run Economy weights more than 60% in GDP, retrieved December 20, 2014, from http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/2013-02/03/nw.D110000renmrb_20130203_8-01.htm

Powell, B. (2014). Is this the end of China’s economic miracle? Newsweek. Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.newsweek.com/2014/12/05/china-after-gold-rush-286757.html

Qian, J. W. and Chang, J. (2008). The financial crisis influence the export of small-medium sized enterprises. Modern Bankers, (12). 钱杰王, 常杰(2008) 金融危机影响中小企业出口, 当代金融家, (12).

S.E.A. and Horizon (eds) (2014). 2014 development indicators of Chinese Civilian-run Enterprises. Shanghai: Shanghai Academy of Social Science Press. 上海新沪商联合会,零点研究咨询集团 (2014), 2014 中国民营企业发展指数,上海:上海社会科学院出版社.

Shui, W., & Veeck, G. (2012). China’s grain production under bottom-up and top-down patterns of agricultural reforms: a typical case study in Anhui province. Journal of Geography and Geology, 4(2), 22–35.CrossRef

Stevens, R. J. L., Moustapha, M. M., Evelyn, P., & Stevenson, R. J. (2013). Analysis of the emerging China Green Era and its influence on small and medium-sized enterprises development: Review and perspectives. Journal of Sustainable Development, 6(4), 86–105.CrossRef

Sun, J. (1989). Chinese Economic Histroy-Modern Times (1840–1949). Beijing: China Renmin University Press. 孙健 (1989), 中国经济史–近代部分 (1840–1949), 北京:中国人民大学出版社.

Tao, Y. (2014). First public information on SOEs: Less than 1 % of enterprises own 30 % of total assets. Sina Finance. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://finance.sina.com.cn/china/20140731/002619866660.shtml. 陶娅洁(2014),国企家底首次剬开:企业户数不到1 %资产总额占30 %, 新浪财经.

Tsai, K. S. (2007). Capitalism without democracy: The private sector in contemporary China. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Tsui, A. S., Bian, Y., & Cheng, L. (2006). China’s domestic private firms: Multidisciplinary perspectives on management and performance. New York: M. E. Sharpe.

Tsui, A. S., Schoonhoven, C. B., Meyer, M. W., Lau, C. M., & Milkovich, G. T. (2004). Organization and management in the midst of societal transformation: The People’s Republic of China. Organization Science, 15(2), 133–145.CrossRef

Wang, A. S. and Gong, P. (2009). The Influence of financial crisis on the export enterprise and countermeasures. Shanghai Enterprise, (08): 18–20. 王安顺, 龚萍 (2009)金融危机对出口企业的影响及应对策略, 上海企业, 2009年第08期. 18–20页.

Wang, J. and Fan, Z. (2010). Income tax reform and the stability of state-owned enterprise’s accounting information. Retrieved 4, March, 2015, from http://www.sinoss.net/qikan/uploadfile/2010/1130/11120.pdf. 王静静, 范宗辉 (2010)所得税改制与国有企业会计信息稳健性

Wang, Q. (Ed.) (2012a). Report on economic operation of China’s private enterprises. Beijing: China Economic Publishing House. 王强 (主编)(2012,中国民营企业经济运行报告,北京:中国经济出版社.

Wang, Y. (2012b). The Forbes World’s Billionaires 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2012, from http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/2012. (in Chinese).

Wang, Z. (2008). The private sector and China’s market development. Oxford: Chandos Publishing.CrossRef

Whyte, M. K. (1984). Urban life in contemporary China. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Wong, J. (2016). China’s economy 2016: How ‘scary’ is its sustained slowdown? Straits Times, 9 January 9. Retrieved January 19, 2016, from http://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/chinas-economy-2016-how-scary-is-its-sustained-slowdown

World Bank. (2015). Gini index (World Bank estimates). Retrieved March 15, 2015, from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?page=6

WTO (World Trade Organization) (2010). Economic environment: China. Retrieved March 18, 2015, from www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/s230-01_e.doc

Wu, L. (2009). Sixty years of Chinese contemporary private enterprises’ development. The institute of contemporary China studies. Retrieved March 2, 2015, from http://www.iccs.cn/contents/496/8806.html. 武力 (2009) 中国当代私营经济发展六十年. 当代中国研究所.

Xinhua Net (2007). Why did China’s rural reform begin and succeed in Anhui province? xinhua.org , 6 December 2007. 新华网 (2007). 中国的农村改革因何始于安徽,成于安徽. Retrieved April 21, 2015, from http://news.china.com/zh_cn/news100/11038989/20071206/14528849.html

Xu, D., Lu, J. W., & Gu, Q. (2014). Organizational forms and multi-population dynamics: Economic transition in China. Administrative Science Quarterly, 59(3), 517–547.CrossRef

Yang, T. (Ed.) (2014). Philanthropic blue book: China’s philanthropic development report (2014). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China). 杨团(主编)(2014)慈善蓝皮书:中国慈善发展报告(2014),北京:社会科学文献出版社.

Yang, X., and Hu, J. (2011). Private enterprises’ achievements, challenges, and solutions during the period of ‘eleventh five-year’. Study and Exploration, 6, 137–141. 杨新铭, 胡家勇 (2011) ‘十一五’期间民营经济发展成就, 面临问题与解决途径,学习与探索, 6期. 137–141页.

Yao, K. and Wang, A. (2013). China lets Gini out of the bottle: wide wealth gap. Reuters. Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/18/us-china-economy-income-gap-idUSBRE90H06L20130118

Zeng, M. and Williamson, P. J. (2003). Hidden Dragon. Harvard Business Review, 81 (10) (October): 92–9137.

Zhang, J. (2013). Fortune the global 500 companies. Retrieved July 5, 2005, from http://economy.enorth.com.cn/system/2005/07/05/001060964.shtml (in Chinese).

Zhang, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2015). The source of innovation in China: Highly innovation systems. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef

Zhang, Y., Ren, B., Du, G., & J., Y. (2011). Dancing with change: An co-evolutionary perspective for private entrepreneurship during China’s institutional transitions. In C. Usui (Ed.), Comparative entrepreneurship initiatives: Studies in China, Japan and the USA. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.

Zheng, J. (1993). Actively promoting the healthy development of individual-private economy. Hu Bei Social Science, (10): 19–20. 郑金良 (1993)积极推动个体私营经济健康发展, 湖北社会科学, (10): 19–20.

Zhou, T. and Xia, X. (2008). The history of Chinese state-owned enterprises’ reform. C.f. D. T. Zhou, and R. H. Ouyang (Eds.), (2008) Blue book of development and reform: China 30 years of reform and opening-up (1978–2008). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press. 周天勇,夏徐迁(2008)我国国有企业改革的历程。引自邹东涛,欧阳日辉 (2008)中国经济发展和体制改革报告:中国改革开放30年(1978–2008发展和改革蓝皮书),北京:社会科学文献出版社.

Titel: Chinese Private Enterprises: Evolution and Challenges for Leadership
verfasst von: Anne S. Tsui
Yingying Zhang
Xiao-Ping Chen
Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Buch: Leadership of Chinese Private Enterprises
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-40233-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-137-40235-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-40235-6_1