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Erschienen in:
A Methodological Framework for Building an Index for Assessment in Rainfed Agriculture Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Climate Change and Water Issues in Mesopotamia: A Framework for Fostering Transboundary Cooperation in Euphrates-Tigris Basin

verfasst von : Vakur Sümer

Erschienen in: Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

This chapter starts with presenting an overview of the current situation in Mesopotamia in terms of both water resources and increasing impacts of climate change over water resources. The existing literature on potential problems of climate change in Euphrates-Tigris region will also be discussed. Then the chapter turns to the question of how countries of the region may come together around the theme of water and increase their adaptive capacities in the face of climate-related threats.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Climate Change and Agriculture in Dry Areas
Nächstes Kapitel Climate Change and Water Security in Dry Areas
Fußnoten
1
See, for instance, Voss et al. (2013), Yilmaz and Imteaz (2011), Topcu et al. (2010), Sowers et al. (2011), Kitoh et al. (2008).
 
2
It should be noted, however, that some territories of Iran and Saudi Arabia belong to the ET basin geographically and that Iran contbitutes 5–8 % of the river flow of Tigris.
 
3
Note that the population of Turkey increased less than four times of its 1950 number, while Syria grew more than six times, and Iraq grew nearly six times during the last six decades.
 
4
Hydraulic mission is a concept within a modernist world view, meaning “the strong conviction that every drop of water flowing to the ocean is a waste and that the state should develop hydraulic infrastructure to capture as much water as possible for human uses” (Wester et al. (2009). The hydraulic mission and the Mexican hydrocracy: Regulating and reforming the flows of water and power. Water Alternatives 2(3): 395–415).
 
5
GAP consisted of 22 big dams and 19 hydropower plants in Turkish parts of Euphrates and Tigris basin.
 
6
Faisal Rifai, Impact of Collaboration in the Euphrates Tigris Region, http://​www.​inbo-news.​org/​IMG/​pdf/​rifai.​pdf
 
7
It should be noted at this point that both Euphrates and Tigris are largely snow-fed rivers which are dependent on winter precipitation, particularly in Turkey. The Taurus Mountains and the Anatolian Highlands of eastern Turkey are the headwater regions for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, whose waters are shared primarily between Turkey and, downstream riparians, Syria and Iraq. In other words, the runoff from the Taurus Mountains of Turkey supplies water to 2/3 of the Arabic-speaking population of the Middle East (Cullen and deMenocal 2000).
 
8
Ozdogan (2011).
 
9
This strategy is also known as “more crop per every drop.”
 
10
For discussions on ET cooperation, inter alia, see Asit Biswas (ed.), International waters of the Middle East from Euphrates-Tigris to Nile, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994; Ayşegül Kibaroğlu, Building a regime for the waters of the Euphrates-Tigris river system. Kluwer Law International, London, The Hague, New York; Naff and Matson, Water in the Middle East: Conflict or Cooperation. Westview Press, Boulder, 1984; Scheumann W, Schiffler M (eds) Water in the Middle East: potential for conflicts and prospects for cooperation. Springer, Berlin; Gün Kut Burning Waters: Hydropolitics of the Euphrates and the Tigris. In New Perspectives on Turkey, (9) (Fall), 1993.
 
11
See Warner (2008).
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Climate Change and Water Issues in Mesopotamia: A Framework for Fostering Transboundary Cooperation in Euphrates-Tigris Basin
verfasst von
Vakur Sümer
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch
Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38669-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-38670-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2015

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38670-1_3