Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Cold Thermal Energy Storage Materials and Applications Toward Sustainability

verfasst von : Gang Li, Yunho Hwang, Reinhard Radermacher

Erschienen in: Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Cold thermal energy storage (TES) has been an active research area over the past few decades for it can be a good option for mitigating the effects of intermittent renewable resources on the networks, and providing flexibility and ancillary services for managing future electricity supply/demand challenges. In this chapter, three available technologies for cold storage: sensible, latent and sorption storage have been reviewed and summarized from both the materials and application aspects. Issues and possible solutions are introduced and discussed in detail for the storage materials. Cold storage applications can be widened from building and vehicle air conditioning application to fresh and frozen food storage and transport. Sensible storage is a comparatively mature technology that has been implemented and evaluated in many large-scale demonstration plants. Latent storage and sorption have much higher energy storage densities than sensible storage, which are currently still in the stages of material investigations and lab-scale experiments. Heat transfer and performance enhancement are also discussed. These are beneficial for researchers and engineers to design the more cold sustainable thermal systems.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Li G (2013) Review of thermal energy storage technologies and experimental investigation of adsorption thermal energy storage for residential application. Thesis, University of Maryland at College Park, United States Li G (2013) Review of thermal energy storage technologies and experimental investigation of adsorption thermal energy storage for residential application. Thesis, University of Maryland at College Park, United States
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Rismanchi B, Saidur R, Masjuki HH, Mahlia TMI (2012) Energetic, economic and environmental benefits of utilizing the ice thermal storage systems for office building applications. Energy Build 50:347–354CrossRef Rismanchi B, Saidur R, Masjuki HH, Mahlia TMI (2012) Energetic, economic and environmental benefits of utilizing the ice thermal storage systems for office building applications. Energy Build 50:347–354CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Dincer I, Rosen MA (2001) Energetic, environmental and economic aspects of thermal energy storage systems for cooling capacity. Appl Therm Eng 21:1105–1117CrossRef Dincer I, Rosen MA (2001) Energetic, environmental and economic aspects of thermal energy storage systems for cooling capacity. Appl Therm Eng 21:1105–1117CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Bahnfleth WP, Song J, Cimbala JM (2003) Thermal performance of single pipe diffusers in stratified chilled water storage tanks. Final report of ASHRAE, 1185-RP Bahnfleth WP, Song J, Cimbala JM (2003) Thermal performance of single pipe diffusers in stratified chilled water storage tanks. Final report of ASHRAE, 1185-RP
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Mackie EI, Reeves G (1988) EPRI stratified chilled-water storage design guide. Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Final report Mackie EI, Reeves G (1988) EPRI stratified chilled-water storage design guide. Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Final report
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Cole RL, Bellinger FO (1982) Thermally stratified tanks. ASHRAE Trans 88(2):1005–1017 Cole RL, Bellinger FO (1982) Thermally stratified tanks. ASHRAE Trans 88(2):1005–1017
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Truman CR, Wildin MW (1989) Finite difference model for heat transfer in a stratified thermal storage tank with through flow, numerical heat transfer with personal computers and supercomputing. In: National heat transfer conference, ASME/AIChE national heat transfer conference, Philadelphia, PA, pp 45–55 Truman CR, Wildin MW (1989) Finite difference model for heat transfer in a stratified thermal storage tank with through flow, numerical heat transfer with personal computers and supercomputing. In: National heat transfer conference, ASME/AIChE national heat transfer conference, Philadelphia, PA, pp 45–55
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Zurigat YH, Liche PR, Ghajar AJ (1991) Influence of inlet geometry on mixing in thermocline thermal energy storage. Int J Heat Mass Transf 34:115–125CrossRef Zurigat YH, Liche PR, Ghajar AJ (1991) Influence of inlet geometry on mixing in thermocline thermal energy storage. Int J Heat Mass Transf 34:115–125CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghajar AJ, Zurigat YH (1991) Numerical study of the effect of inlet geometry on stratification in thermal energy storage. Numer Heat Transf 19:65–83CrossRef Ghajar AJ, Zurigat YH (1991) Numerical study of the effect of inlet geometry on stratification in thermal energy storage. Numer Heat Transf 19:65–83CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Stewart WE, Becker BR, Cai L (1992) Downward impinging flows for stratified chilled water storage. ASHRAE Trans 206(2):131–138 Stewart WE, Becker BR, Cai L (1992) Downward impinging flows for stratified chilled water storage. ASHRAE Trans 206(2):131–138
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Cai L, Stewart WE, Sohn CW (1993) Turbulent buoyant flows into a two dimensional storage tank. Int J Heat Mass Transf 36:4243–4256MATHCrossRef Cai L, Stewart WE, Sohn CW (1993) Turbulent buoyant flows into a two dimensional storage tank. Int J Heat Mass Transf 36:4243–4256MATHCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Abhat A (1983) Low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage: heat storage materials. Sol Energy 30:313–332CrossRef Abhat A (1983) Low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage: heat storage materials. Sol Energy 30:313–332CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Saito A (2002) Recent advances in research on cold thermal energy storage. Int J Refrig 25:177–189CrossRef Saito A (2002) Recent advances in research on cold thermal energy storage. Int J Refrig 25:177–189CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Hirata T, Nagasaka K, Ishikawa M (2000) Crystal ice formation of solution and its removal phenomena at cooled horizontal solid surface, part I: ice removal phenomena. Int J Heat Mass Transf 43:333–339MATHCrossRef Hirata T, Nagasaka K, Ishikawa M (2000) Crystal ice formation of solution and its removal phenomena at cooled horizontal solid surface, part I: ice removal phenomena. Int J Heat Mass Transf 43:333–339MATHCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Kozawa Y, Aizawa N, Tanino M (2005) Study on ice storing characteristics in dynamic-type ice storage system by using supercooled water. Effects of the supplying conditions of ice-slurry at deployment to district heating and cooling system. Int J Refrig 28(1):73–82CrossRef Kozawa Y, Aizawa N, Tanino M (2005) Study on ice storing characteristics in dynamic-type ice storage system by using supercooled water. Effects of the supplying conditions of ice-slurry at deployment to district heating and cooling system. Int J Refrig 28(1):73–82CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Okawa S, Saito A, Harada T (1997) Experimental study on the effect of the electric field on the freezing of supercooled water. In: International conference on fluid and thermal energy conversion 1997, pp 347–352 Okawa S, Saito A, Harada T (1997) Experimental study on the effect of the electric field on the freezing of supercooled water. In: International conference on fluid and thermal energy conversion 1997, pp 347–352
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Okawa S, Saito A, Fukao T (1999) Freezing of supercooled water by applying the electric charge. In: Proceedings of the 5th ASME/JSME joint thermal engineering conference, pp 1–7 Okawa S, Saito A, Fukao T (1999) Freezing of supercooled water by applying the electric charge. In: Proceedings of the 5th ASME/JSME joint thermal engineering conference, pp 1–7
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Okawa S, Saito A (1998) Experimental study controlling the initiation of freezing of supercooled water. In: Proceedings of the 11th international heat transfer conference, vol 7, pp 229–234 Okawa S, Saito A (1998) Experimental study controlling the initiation of freezing of supercooled water. In: Proceedings of the 11th international heat transfer conference, vol 7, pp 229–234
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Asaoka T, Saito A, Okawa S, Ito T, Izumi N (2009) Vacuum freezing type ice slurry production using ethanol solution 1st report: measurement of vapor—liquid equilibrium data of ethanol solution at 20 °C and at the freezing temperature. Int J Refrig 32(3):387–393CrossRef Asaoka T, Saito A, Okawa S, Ito T, Izumi N (2009) Vacuum freezing type ice slurry production using ethanol solution 1st report: measurement of vapor—liquid equilibrium data of ethanol solution at 20 °C and at the freezing temperature. Int J Refrig 32(3):387–393CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Hasnain SM (1998) Review on sustainable thermal energy storage technologies, part II; cool thermal storage. Energy Convers Manage 24(11):1139 –1153 Hasnain SM (1998) Review on sustainable thermal energy storage technologies, part II; cool thermal storage. Energy Convers Manage 24(11):1139 –1153
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Telkes M (1952) Nucleation of super saturated inorganic salt solution. Ind Eng Chem 44:1308–1310CrossRef Telkes M (1952) Nucleation of super saturated inorganic salt solution. Ind Eng Chem 44:1308–1310CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu DY (2005) Preparation and thermal property study of low-temperature cool storage nanocomposite PCM. Doctoral Dissertation, Chongqing University (in Chinese) Liu DY (2005) Preparation and thermal property study of low-temperature cool storage nanocomposite PCM. Doctoral Dissertation, Chongqing University (in Chinese)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Cantor S (1978) DSC study of melting and solidification of salt hydrates. Thermochim Acta 26:39–47CrossRef Cantor S (1978) DSC study of melting and solidification of salt hydrates. Thermochim Acta 26:39–47CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu HW, Woo SW, Shin BC, Kim SD (1992) Prevention of supercooling and stabilization of inorganic salt hydrates as latent heat storage materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 27:161–172CrossRef Ryu HW, Woo SW, Shin BC, Kim SD (1992) Prevention of supercooling and stabilization of inorganic salt hydrates as latent heat storage materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 27:161–172CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Telkes M (1976) Thixotropic mixture and method of making same. US Patent 3,986,969, 19 Oct Telkes M (1976) Thixotropic mixture and method of making same. US Patent 3,986,969, 19 Oct
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Telkcs M (1974) Solar energy storage. ASHRAE J 16(9):38–44 Telkcs M (1974) Solar energy storage. ASHRAE J 16(9):38–44
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Biswas DR (1977) Thermal energy storage using sodium sulfate decahydrate and water. Sol Energy 19:99–100CrossRef Biswas DR (1977) Thermal energy storage using sodium sulfate decahydrate and water. Sol Energy 19:99–100CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Cui Y, Liu C, Hu S, Yu X (2011) The experimental exploration of carbon nanofiber and carbon nanotube additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95:1208–1212CrossRef Cui Y, Liu C, Hu S, Yu X (2011) The experimental exploration of carbon nanofiber and carbon nanotube additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95:1208–1212CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Elgafy A, Lafdi K (2005) Effect of carbon nanofiber additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials. Carbon 43:3067–3074CrossRef Elgafy A, Lafdi K (2005) Effect of carbon nanofiber additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials. Carbon 43:3067–3074CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Lane GA (1992) Phase change materials for energy storage nucleation to prevent supercooling. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 27:135–160CrossRef Lane GA (1992) Phase change materials for energy storage nucleation to prevent supercooling. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 27:135–160CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Onwubiko C, Russell LD (1984) Experimental investigation of physical characteristics of Glauber’s salt as a storage medium. Sol Energy 33:465–467CrossRef Onwubiko C, Russell LD (1984) Experimental investigation of physical characteristics of Glauber’s salt as a storage medium. Sol Energy 33:465–467CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Kimura H, Kai J (1984) Phase change stability of CaCl2·6H2O. Sol Energy 33:557–563CrossRef Kimura H, Kai J (1984) Phase change stability of CaCl2·6H2O. Sol Energy 33:557–563CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Porisini FC (1988) Salt hydrates used for latent heat storage: corrosion of metals and reliability of thermal performance. Sol Energy 41(2):193–197CrossRef Porisini FC (1988) Salt hydrates used for latent heat storage: corrosion of metals and reliability of thermal performance. Sol Energy 41(2):193–197CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Farid MM, Khudhair AM, Razack SAK, Al-Hallaj S (2004) A review on phase change energy storage: material and application. Energy Convers Manage 45:1597–1615CrossRef Farid MM, Khudhair AM, Razack SAK, Al-Hallaj S (2004) A review on phase change energy storage: material and application. Energy Convers Manage 45:1597–1615CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Farrell AJ, Norton B, Kennedy DM (2006) Corrosive effects of salt hydrate phase change materials used with aluminium and copper. J Mater Process Technol 175:198–205CrossRef Farrell AJ, Norton B, Kennedy DM (2006) Corrosive effects of salt hydrate phase change materials used with aluminium and copper. J Mater Process Technol 175:198–205CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Mehling H, Cabeza LF (2008) Heat and cold storage with PCM: an up to date introduction into basics and applications (heat and mass transfer). Springer, Berlin Mehling H, Cabeza LF (2008) Heat and cold storage with PCM: an up to date introduction into basics and applications (heat and mass transfer). Springer, Berlin
38.
Zurück zum Zitat He B, Gustafsson EM, Setteerwall F (1999) Tetradecane and hexadecane binary mixture as phase change materials (PCMs) for cool storage in district cooling systems. Energy 24:1015–1028CrossRef He B, Gustafsson EM, Setteerwall F (1999) Tetradecane and hexadecane binary mixture as phase change materials (PCMs) for cool storage in district cooling systems. Energy 24:1015–1028CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat He B, Setteerwall F (2002) Technical grade paraffin waxes as phase change materials for cool thermal storage and cool storage systems capital cost estimation. Energy Convers Manage 43(9):1709–1723CrossRef He B, Setteerwall F (2002) Technical grade paraffin waxes as phase change materials for cool thermal storage and cool storage systems capital cost estimation. Energy Convers Manage 43(9):1709–1723CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Mettawee EBS, Assassa GMR (2007) Thermal conductivity enhancement in a latent heat storage system. Sol Energy 81:839–845CrossRef Mettawee EBS, Assassa GMR (2007) Thermal conductivity enhancement in a latent heat storage system. Sol Energy 81:839–845CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Mills A, Farid M, Selman JR, Al-Hallaj S (2006) Thermal conductivity enhancement of phase change materials using a graphite matrix. Appl Therm Eng 26:1652–1661CrossRef Mills A, Farid M, Selman JR, Al-Hallaj S (2006) Thermal conductivity enhancement of phase change materials using a graphite matrix. Appl Therm Eng 26:1652–1661CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang ZG, Fang XM (2006) Study on paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase change thermal energy storage material. Energy Convers Manage 47:303–310CrossRef Zhang ZG, Fang XM (2006) Study on paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase change thermal energy storage material. Energy Convers Manage 47:303–310CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Cai YB, Hu Y, Song L, Tong Y (2006) Flammability and thermal properties of high density polyethylene/paraffin hybrid as a form-stable phase change material. J Appl Polym Sci 99(4):1320–1327CrossRef Cai YB, Hu Y, Song L, Tong Y (2006) Flammability and thermal properties of high density polyethylene/paraffin hybrid as a form-stable phase change material. J Appl Polym Sci 99(4):1320–1327CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Xia Y, Jian XG, Li JF (2007) Synergistic effect of montmorillonite and intumescent flame retardant on flame retardance enhancement of ABS. Polym Plast Technol Eng 46(3):227–232CrossRef Xia Y, Jian XG, Li JF (2007) Synergistic effect of montmorillonite and intumescent flame retardant on flame retardance enhancement of ABS. Polym Plast Technol Eng 46(3):227–232CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou H, Fang CP, Sheng HS, Mu CJ (2008) Synergistic action of nanometer ZnO prepared by sol-gel method on halogen free flame-retarded polypropylene. Rare Metal Mater Eng 37:617–619 Zhou H, Fang CP, Sheng HS, Mu CJ (2008) Synergistic action of nanometer ZnO prepared by sol-gel method on halogen free flame-retarded polypropylene. Rare Metal Mater Eng 37:617–619
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang P, Song L, Lu HD, Wang J, Hu Y (2010) The thermal property and flame retardant mechanism of intumescent flame retardant paraffin system with metal. Ind Eng Chem Res 49:6003–6009CrossRef Zhang P, Song L, Lu HD, Wang J, Hu Y (2010) The thermal property and flame retardant mechanism of intumescent flame retardant paraffin system with metal. Ind Eng Chem Res 49:6003–6009CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Song GL, Ma SD, Tang GY, Yin ZS, Wang XW (2010) Preparation and characterization of flame retardant form-stable phase change materials composed by EPDM, paraffin and nano magnesium hydroxide. Energy 35:2179–2183CrossRef Song GL, Ma SD, Tang GY, Yin ZS, Wang XW (2010) Preparation and characterization of flame retardant form-stable phase change materials composed by EPDM, paraffin and nano magnesium hydroxide. Energy 35:2179–2183CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Khokhar AA, Gudmundsson JS, Sloan ED (1998) Gas storage in structure H hydrate. Fluid Phase Equilib 150–151:383–392CrossRef Khokhar AA, Gudmundsson JS, Sloan ED (1998) Gas storage in structure H hydrate. Fluid Phase Equilib 150–151:383–392CrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Tomlinson JJ (1982) Heat pump cool storage in a clathrate of freon. In: Proceedings of the 17th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 2060–2064 Tomlinson JJ (1982) Heat pump cool storage in a clathrate of freon. In: Proceedings of the 17th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 2060–2064
50.
Zurück zum Zitat AkiyaT, Tomio S, Oowa M (1997) Phase equilibria of some alternative refrigerants hydrates and their mixtures using for cool storage material. In: Proceedings of the 32th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 1652–1655 AkiyaT, Tomio S, Oowa M (1997) Phase equilibria of some alternative refrigerants hydrates and their mixtures using for cool storage material. In: Proceedings of the 32th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 1652–1655
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Mori T, Mori YH (1989) Characterization of gas hydrate formation in direct-contact cool storage process. Int J Refrig 12:259–265CrossRef Mori T, Mori YH (1989) Characterization of gas hydrate formation in direct-contact cool storage process. Int J Refrig 12:259–265CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Fournaison L, Delahaye A, Chatti I, Petitet JP (2004) CO2 hydrates in refrigeration processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 43:6521–6526CrossRef Fournaison L, Delahaye A, Chatti I, Petitet JP (2004) CO2 hydrates in refrigeration processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 43:6521–6526CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Guo KH, Shu BF, Zhao YL (1998) Characterization of phase change and cool-storage process of mixed gas hydrate, cryogenics and refrigeration. In: Proceeding of ICCR 1998, Hangzhou, China Guo KH, Shu BF, Zhao YL (1998) Characterization of phase change and cool-storage process of mixed gas hydrate, cryogenics and refrigeration. In: Proceeding of ICCR 1998, Hangzhou, China
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Oowa M, Nakaiwa M, Akiya T, Fukuura H, Suzuki K, Ohsuka M (1990) Formation of CFC alternative R134a gas hydrate. In: Proceedings of the 25th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, New York, USA, pp 269–274 Oowa M, Nakaiwa M, Akiya T, Fukuura H, Suzuki K, Ohsuka M (1990) Formation of CFC alternative R134a gas hydrate. In: Proceedings of the 25th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, New York, USA, pp 269–274
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Guo KH, Shu BF, Yang WJ (1996) Advances and applications of gas hydrate thermal energy storage technology. In: Proceedings of 1st Trabzon international energy & environment symposium, Trabzon, Turkey Guo KH, Shu BF, Yang WJ (1996) Advances and applications of gas hydrate thermal energy storage technology. In: Proceedings of 1st Trabzon international energy & environment symposium, Trabzon, Turkey
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Marinhas S, Delahaye A, Fournaison L, Dalmazzone D, Furst W, Petitet JP (2006) Modeling of the available latent heat of a CO2 hydrate slurry in an experimental loop applied to secondary refrigeration. Chem Eng Process 45(3):184–192CrossRef Marinhas S, Delahaye A, Fournaison L, Dalmazzone D, Furst W, Petitet JP (2006) Modeling of the available latent heat of a CO2 hydrate slurry in an experimental loop applied to secondary refrigeration. Chem Eng Process 45(3):184–192CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang P, Ma ZW, Wang RZ (2010) An overview of phase change material slurries: MPCS and CHS. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:598–614CrossRef Zhang P, Ma ZW, Wang RZ (2010) An overview of phase change material slurries: MPCS and CHS. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:598–614CrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Li G, Liu DP, Xie YM (2010) Study on thermal properties of TBAB–THF hydrate mixture for cold storage by DSC. J Therm Anal Calorim 102(2):819–826CrossRef Li G, Liu DP, Xie YM (2010) Study on thermal properties of TBAB–THF hydrate mixture for cold storage by DSC. J Therm Anal Calorim 102(2):819–826CrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Shu BF, Guo KH, Mong ZX, Zhao JW (1999) New type of gas hydrate cool storage device and its performance. J Eng Thermophys 20(5):542–544 (in Chinese) Shu BF, Guo KH, Mong ZX, Zhao JW (1999) New type of gas hydrate cool storage device and its performance. J Eng Thermophys 20(5):542–544 (in Chinese)
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Tong MW, Lin K, Li JS (2000) Characterization of gas hydrate formation and cool storage in jet pump. J Chongqing Univ 23(3):91–93 (in Chinese) Tong MW, Lin K, Li JS (2000) Characterization of gas hydrate formation and cool storage in jet pump. J Chongqing Univ 23(3):91–93 (in Chinese)
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang XL, Li RY, Yu HL (2002) Additives and their effects on direct contact phase change heat transfer. J Chem Eng 53(8):837–841 (in Chinese) Zhang XL, Li RY, Yu HL (2002) Additives and their effects on direct contact phase change heat transfer. J Chem Eng 53(8):837–841 (in Chinese)
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang YP, Yu SS, Gao XN, Wang SP (1999) Experimental research on gas hydrate cool storage Technique. J S Chin Univ Technol 27(2):110–115 (in Chinese) Zhang YP, Yu SS, Gao XN, Wang SP (1999) Experimental research on gas hydrate cool storage Technique. J S Chin Univ Technol 27(2):110–115 (in Chinese)
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Isobe F, Mori YH (1992) Formation of gas hydrate or ice by direct-contact evaporation of CFC alternatives. Int J Refrig 15(3):137–142CrossRef Isobe F, Mori YH (1992) Formation of gas hydrate or ice by direct-contact evaporation of CFC alternatives. Int J Refrig 15(3):137–142CrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu Y, Guo KH, Liang DQ, Fan SS (2003) Effects of magnetic fields on HCFC-141b refrigerant gas hydrate formation. Sci Chin Ser B Chem 46(4):407–415CrossRef Liu Y, Guo KH, Liang DQ, Fan SS (2003) Effects of magnetic fields on HCFC-141b refrigerant gas hydrate formation. Sci Chin Ser B Chem 46(4):407–415CrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu YH, Guo KH, Liang DQ (2003) Study on refrigerant hydrate crystallization process in the action of ultrasonic. J Eng Therm Phys 24(3):385–387 (in Chinese) Liu YH, Guo KH, Liang DQ (2003) Study on refrigerant hydrate crystallization process in the action of ultrasonic. J Eng Therm Phys 24(3):385–387 (in Chinese)
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Darbouret M, Cournil M, Herri JM (2005) Rheological study of TBAB hydrate slurries as secondary two-phase refrigerants. Int J Refrig 28:663–671CrossRef Darbouret M, Cournil M, Herri JM (2005) Rheological study of TBAB hydrate slurries as secondary two-phase refrigerants. Int J Refrig 28:663–671CrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Ogoshi H, Takao S (2004) Air-conditioning system using clathrate hydrate slurry. JFE Tech Rep 3:1–5 Ogoshi H, Takao S (2004) Air-conditioning system using clathrate hydrate slurry. JFE Tech Rep 3:1–5
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma ZW, Zhang P (2011) Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of clathrate hydrate slurry in a plate heat exchanger. Int J Refrig 34(3):796–806CrossRef Ma ZW, Zhang P (2011) Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of clathrate hydrate slurry in a plate heat exchanger. Int J Refrig 34(3):796–806CrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Xiao R, Wu SS, Tang LG, Huang C, Feng ZP (2006) Experimental investigation of the pressure-drop of clathrate hydrate slurry (CHS) flow of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) in straight pipe. In: Proceedings of 10th international conference on thermal energy storage, Richard Stockton College of New Jersey Xiao R, Wu SS, Tang LG, Huang C, Feng ZP (2006) Experimental investigation of the pressure-drop of clathrate hydrate slurry (CHS) flow of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) in straight pipe. In: Proceedings of 10th international conference on thermal energy storage, Richard Stockton College of New Jersey
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Alvarado JL, Sohn CMC, Kessler D (2004) Thermophysical properties characterization of microencapsulated phase change material slurry. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference at Purdue Alvarado JL, Sohn CMC, Kessler D (2004) Thermophysical properties characterization of microencapsulated phase change material slurry. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference at Purdue
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Diaconu BM, Varga S, Oliveira AC (2010) Experimental assessment of heat storage properties and heat transfer characteristics of a phase change material slurry for air conditioning applications. Appl Energy 87(2):620–628CrossRef Diaconu BM, Varga S, Oliveira AC (2010) Experimental assessment of heat storage properties and heat transfer characteristics of a phase change material slurry for air conditioning applications. Appl Energy 87(2):620–628CrossRef
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang L, Petermann M, Doetsch C (2009) Evaluation of paraffin/water emulsion as a phase change slurry for cooling applications. Energy 34:1145–1155CrossRef Huang L, Petermann M, Doetsch C (2009) Evaluation of paraffin/water emulsion as a phase change slurry for cooling applications. Energy 34:1145–1155CrossRef
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Inaba H (1996) Cold heat-release characteristics of phase change emulsion by air-emulsion direct-contact heat exchange method. Int J Heat Mass Transf 39:1797–1803CrossRef Inaba H (1996) Cold heat-release characteristics of phase change emulsion by air-emulsion direct-contact heat exchange method. Int J Heat Mass Transf 39:1797–1803CrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao ZN, Wu T, Shi YQ, Li LX (2001) An investigation on rheology and heat transfer characteristics for a phase change emulsion. J Eng Thermophys 22:589–592 (in Chinese) Zhao ZN, Wu T, Shi YQ, Li LX (2001) An investigation on rheology and heat transfer characteristics for a phase change emulsion. J Eng Thermophys 22:589–592 (in Chinese)
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao ZN, Shi YQ, Zhang Y, Gai PY (2002) Flow and heat transfer characteristics of phase-change emulsion in a coiled double-tube heat exchanger. J Eng Thermophys 23:730–732 (in Chinese) Zhao ZN, Shi YQ, Zhang Y, Gai PY (2002) Flow and heat transfer characteristics of phase-change emulsion in a coiled double-tube heat exchanger. J Eng Thermophys 23:730–732 (in Chinese)
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu H, Yang R, Zhang YP, Huang Z, Lin J, Wang X (2005) Thermal physical properties and key influence factors of phase change emulsion. Chin Sci Bull 50(1):88–93CrossRef Xu H, Yang R, Zhang YP, Huang Z, Lin J, Wang X (2005) Thermal physical properties and key influence factors of phase change emulsion. Chin Sci Bull 50(1):88–93CrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Alvarado JL, Marsh C, Sohn C, Vilceus M, Hock V, Phetteplace G, Newell T (2006) Characterization of supercooling suppression of microencapsulated phase change material by using DSC. J Therm Anal Calorim 86:505–509CrossRef Alvarado JL, Marsh C, Sohn C, Vilceus M, Hock V, Phetteplace G, Newell T (2006) Characterization of supercooling suppression of microencapsulated phase change material by using DSC. J Therm Anal Calorim 86:505–509CrossRef
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamagishi Y, Sugeno T, Ishige T (1996) An evaluation of microencapsulated PCM for use in cold energy transportation medium. In: Proceedings of the intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 2077–2083 Yamagishi Y, Sugeno T, Ishige T (1996) An evaluation of microencapsulated PCM for use in cold energy transportation medium. In: Proceedings of the intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp 2077–2083
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang XC, Niu JL, Li Y, Zhang YP, Wang X, Chen BJ, Zeng RL (2008) Heat transfer of microencapsulated PCM slurry flow in a circular tube. AIChE J 54(4):1110–1120CrossRef Wang XC, Niu JL, Li Y, Zhang YP, Wang X, Chen BJ, Zeng RL (2008) Heat transfer of microencapsulated PCM slurry flow in a circular tube. AIChE J 54(4):1110–1120CrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamagishi Y, Takeuchi H, Pyatenko AT, Kayukawa N (1999) Characteristics of microencapsulated PCM slurry as a heat-transfer fluid. AIChE J 45(4):696–707CrossRef Yamagishi Y, Takeuchi H, Pyatenko AT, Kayukawa N (1999) Characteristics of microencapsulated PCM slurry as a heat-transfer fluid. AIChE J 45(4):696–707CrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Inaba H, Kim MJ, Horibe A (2004) Melting heat transfer characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material slurries with plural microcapsules having different diameters. ASME J Heat Transf 126(4):558–565CrossRef Inaba H, Kim MJ, Horibe A (2004) Melting heat transfer characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material slurries with plural microcapsules having different diameters. ASME J Heat Transf 126(4):558–565CrossRef
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Alvarado JL, Marsh C, Sohn C, Phetteplace G, Newell T (2007) Thermal performance of microencapsulated phase change material slurry in turbulent flow under constant heat flux. Int J Heat Mass Transf 50(9–10):1938–1952CrossRef Alvarado JL, Marsh C, Sohn C, Phetteplace G, Newell T (2007) Thermal performance of microencapsulated phase change material slurry in turbulent flow under constant heat flux. Int J Heat Mass Transf 50(9–10):1938–1952CrossRef
83.
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng DX, Wu XH (2002) Comprehensive evaluation of eutectic character used as low temperature thermal energy storage. Cryogenics 1:37–45 (in Chinese) Zheng DX, Wu XH (2002) Comprehensive evaluation of eutectic character used as low temperature thermal energy storage. Cryogenics 1:37–45 (in Chinese)
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Zalba B, Marín JM, Cabeza LF, Mehling H (2003) Review on thermal energy storage with phase change: materials, heat transfer analysis and applications. Appl Therm Eng 23:251–283CrossRef Zalba B, Marín JM, Cabeza LF, Mehling H (2003) Review on thermal energy storage with phase change: materials, heat transfer analysis and applications. Appl Therm Eng 23:251–283CrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Phase change material Productes from PLUSS® Phase change material Productes from PLUSS®
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang JS (2011) Experimental research on effects of magnetic field on supercooling degree and crystallization process of low-temperature cool storage materials. Master Thesis, Shandong University Fang JS (2011) Experimental research on effects of magnetic field on supercooling degree and crystallization process of low-temperature cool storage materials. Master Thesis, Shandong University
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Hägg C (2005) Ice slurry as secondary fluid in refrigeration systems. School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Licentiate Thesis, Stockholm Hägg C (2005) Ice slurry as secondary fluid in refrigeration systems. School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Licentiate Thesis, Stockholm
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Guo NN (2008) Thermal properties research of the multivariate organic phase change materials for cooling system. Master Thesis, College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University, PR China Guo NN (2008) Thermal properties research of the multivariate organic phase change materials for cooling system. Master Thesis, College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University, PR China
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Shen HY (2008) Thermal properties of compound low-temperature phase change materials and application in numeric simulation of refrigerator. Master Thesis, Chongqing University, China Shen HY (2008) Thermal properties of compound low-temperature phase change materials and application in numeric simulation of refrigerator. Master Thesis, Chongqing University, China
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Han ZH (2008) Nanofluids with enhanced thermal transport properties. PhD Dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park Han ZH (2008) Nanofluids with enhanced thermal transport properties. PhD Dissertation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park
96.
Zurück zum Zitat He Q (2005) Study on thermal properties and characteristics of cool charge and discharge of nanofluids. College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University (in Chinese) He Q (2005) Study on thermal properties and characteristics of cool charge and discharge of nanofluids. College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University (in Chinese)
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Infante Ferreira CA (1984) Thermodynamic and physical property data equations for ammonia–lithium nitrate and ammonia–sodium thiocyanate solutions. Sol Energy 32:231–236CrossRef Infante Ferreira CA (1984) Thermodynamic and physical property data equations for ammonia–lithium nitrate and ammonia–sodium thiocyanate solutions. Sol Energy 32:231–236CrossRef
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun DW (1998) Comparison of the performance of NH3–H2O, NH3–LiNO3 and NH3–NaSCN absorption refrigeration systems. Energy Convers 39(5/6):357–368CrossRef Sun DW (1998) Comparison of the performance of NH3–H2O, NH3–LiNO3 and NH3–NaSCN absorption refrigeration systems. Energy Convers 39(5/6):357–368CrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Abdulateef JM, Sopian K, Alghoul MA, Sulaiman MY, Zaharim A (2007) Ahmad I. Solar absorption refrigeration system using new working fluid pairs. Int J Energy 1(3):82–87 Abdulateef JM, Sopian K, Alghoul MA, Sulaiman MY, Zaharim A (2007) Ahmad I. Solar absorption refrigeration system using new working fluid pairs. Int J Energy 1(3):82–87
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu L, Gu J (2009) Thermodynamic analysis of a novel thermal driven refrigeration system. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 56:351–355 Zhu L, Gu J (2009) Thermodynamic analysis of a novel thermal driven refrigeration system. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 56:351–355
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan Y, Luo L, Souyri B (2007) Review of solar sorption refrigeration technologies: development and applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 11(8):1758–1775CrossRef Fan Y, Luo L, Souyri B (2007) Review of solar sorption refrigeration technologies: development and applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 11(8):1758–1775CrossRef
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Sheridan NR, Kaushik SC (1981) A novel latent heat storage for solar space heating systems: refrigerant storage. Appl Energy 9(3):165–172CrossRef Sheridan NR, Kaushik SC (1981) A novel latent heat storage for solar space heating systems: refrigerant storage. Appl Energy 9(3):165–172CrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Rivera CO, Rivera W (2003) Modeling of an intermittent solar absorption refrigeration system operating with ammonia/lithium nitrate mixture. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 76:417–427CrossRef Rivera CO, Rivera W (2003) Modeling of an intermittent solar absorption refrigeration system operating with ammonia/lithium nitrate mixture. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 76:417–427CrossRef
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Li ZF, Sumathy K (2000) Technology development in the solar absorption air-conditioning systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 4(3):267–293CrossRef Li ZF, Sumathy K (2000) Technology development in the solar absorption air-conditioning systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 4(3):267–293CrossRef
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang QC, Zhang XL, Wang X, Li XT, Shi WX (2011) Review on absorption thermal energy storage technologies. Chin Sci Bull 56:669–678 (in Chinese)CrossRef Yang QC, Zhang XL, Wang X, Li XT, Shi WX (2011) Review on absorption thermal energy storage technologies. Chin Sci Bull 56:669–678 (in Chinese)CrossRef
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Wan ZM, Shu SM, Hu XH (2006) Research of energy storage in novel solar with absorption air-condition system. Refrig Air Conditioning (China) 6:36–39 (in Chinese) Wan ZM, Shu SM, Hu XH (2006) Research of energy storage in novel solar with absorption air-condition system. Refrig Air Conditioning (China) 6:36–39 (in Chinese)
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Qiu J, Liang J, Chen GM, Du RX (2009) Modeling and numerical simulation of a novel solar-powered absorption air conditioning system driven by a bubble pump with energy storage. Chin Sci Bull 54:504–515 Qiu J, Liang J, Chen GM, Du RX (2009) Modeling and numerical simulation of a novel solar-powered absorption air conditioning system driven by a bubble pump with energy storage. Chin Sci Bull 54:504–515
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu SM, Xu CH, Zhang L (2008) Numerical simulation and analysis on operation characteristics of energy storage system for air-conditioning and heating using water-LiBr solution as working fluid. J Dalian Univ Technol 48:503–508 (in Chinese) Xu SM, Xu CH, Zhang L (2008) Numerical simulation and analysis on operation characteristics of energy storage system for air-conditioning and heating using water-LiBr solution as working fluid. J Dalian Univ Technol 48:503–508 (in Chinese)
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Rizza JJ (2003) Aqueous lithium bromide TES and R-123 chiller in series. J Sol Energy Eng 125:49–54CrossRef Rizza JJ (2003) Aqueous lithium bromide TES and R-123 chiller in series. J Sol Energy Eng 125:49–54CrossRef
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang RT (1991) Gas separation by adsorption methods. Publishing House of Chemical Industry, Beijing (in Chinese) Yang RT (1991) Gas separation by adsorption methods. Publishing House of Chemical Industry, Beijing (in Chinese)
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang LW, Wang RZ, Oliveira RG (2009) A review on adsorption working pairs for refrigeration. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(3):518–534CrossRef Wang LW, Wang RZ, Oliveira RG (2009) A review on adsorption working pairs for refrigeration. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(3):518–534CrossRef
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Nielsen K (2003) Thermal energy storage—a state-of-the-art. A report within the research program smart energy-efficient buildings at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and SINTEF Nielsen K (2003) Thermal energy storage—a state-of-the-art. A report within the research program smart energy-efficient buildings at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and SINTEF
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Han BQ, Yuan HY, Yang DQ, Liu GX (1994) Utilization of natural zeolites for solar energy storage. In: Lu N, Best G, Carvalho Neto CC (eds) Integrated energy systems in China-the cold northeastern region experience, FAO, Rome. www.fao.org Han BQ, Yuan HY, Yang DQ, Liu GX (1994) Utilization of natural zeolites for solar energy storage. In: Lu N, Best G, Carvalho Neto CC (eds) Integrated energy systems in China-the cold northeastern region experience, FAO, Rome. www.​fao.​org
116.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang RZ, Jia JP, Teng Y, Zhu YH, Wu JY (1997) Study on a new solid adsorption refrigeration pair, active carbon fiber-methanol. ASME J Sol Energy Eng 119:214–218CrossRef Wang RZ, Jia JP, Teng Y, Zhu YH, Wu JY (1997) Study on a new solid adsorption refrigeration pair, active carbon fiber-methanol. ASME J Sol Energy Eng 119:214–218CrossRef
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang LW, Wang RZ, Wu JY, Wang K (2004) Compound adsorbent for adsorption ice maker on fishing boats. Int J Refrig 27(4):401–408CrossRef Wang LW, Wang RZ, Wu JY, Wang K (2004) Compound adsorbent for adsorption ice maker on fishing boats. Int J Refrig 27(4):401–408CrossRef
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu YZ, Wang RZ, Zhang M, Jiangzhou S (2003) Adsorption cold storage system with zeolite–water working pair used for locomotive air conditioning. Energy Convers Manage 44(10):1733–1743CrossRef Lu YZ, Wang RZ, Zhang M, Jiangzhou S (2003) Adsorption cold storage system with zeolite–water working pair used for locomotive air conditioning. Energy Convers Manage 44(10):1733–1743CrossRef
119.
Zurück zum Zitat Eltom OMM, Sayigh AAM (1994) A simple method to enhance thermal conductivity of charcoal using some additives. Renew Energy 4(1):113–118CrossRef Eltom OMM, Sayigh AAM (1994) A simple method to enhance thermal conductivity of charcoal using some additives. Renew Energy 4(1):113–118CrossRef
120.
Zurück zum Zitat Sumathy K, Yeung KH, Li Y (2003) Technology development in the solar adsorption refrigeration systems. Prog Energy Combust Sci 29:301–327CrossRef Sumathy K, Yeung KH, Li Y (2003) Technology development in the solar adsorption refrigeration systems. Prog Energy Combust Sci 29:301–327CrossRef
121.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang DC, Li YH, Li D, Xia YZ, Zhang JP (2010) A review on adsorption refrigeration technology and adsorption deterioration in physical adsorption systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:344–353CrossRef Wang DC, Li YH, Li D, Xia YZ, Zhang JP (2010) A review on adsorption refrigeration technology and adsorption deterioration in physical adsorption systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14:344–353CrossRef
122.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang RZ, Oliveira RG (2006) Adsorption refrigeration—an efficient way to make good use of waste heat and solar energy. Prog Energy Combust Sci 32(4):424–458CrossRef Wang RZ, Oliveira RG (2006) Adsorption refrigeration—an efficient way to make good use of waste heat and solar energy. Prog Energy Combust Sci 32(4):424–458CrossRef
123.
Zurück zum Zitat Li G (2015) Energy and exergy performance assessments for latent heat thermal energy storage systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 51:926–954CrossRef Li G (2015) Energy and exergy performance assessments for latent heat thermal energy storage systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 51:926–954CrossRef
124.
Zurück zum Zitat Li G, Hwang Y, Radermacher R (2010) Experimental investigation on energy and exergy performance of adsorption cold storage for space cooling application. Int J Refrig 44:23–35CrossRef Li G, Hwang Y, Radermacher R (2010) Experimental investigation on energy and exergy performance of adsorption cold storage for space cooling application. Int J Refrig 44:23–35CrossRef
125.
Zurück zum Zitat Stitou D, Mazet N, Mauran S (2012) Experimental investigation of a solid/gas thermochemical storage process for solar air-conditioning. Energy 41:261–270CrossRef Stitou D, Mazet N, Mauran S (2012) Experimental investigation of a solid/gas thermochemical storage process for solar air-conditioning. Energy 41:261–270CrossRef
126.
Zurück zum Zitat Kodo T, Ibamoto T (2002) Research on using the PCM for ceiling board. In: IEA ECESIA, Annex 17, 3rd workshop, Tokyo, Japan Kodo T, Ibamoto T (2002) Research on using the PCM for ceiling board. In: IEA ECESIA, Annex 17, 3rd workshop, Tokyo, Japan
128.
Zurück zum Zitat Alawadhi EM (2012) Using phase change materials in window shutter to reduce the solar heat gain. Energy Build 47:421–429CrossRef Alawadhi EM (2012) Using phase change materials in window shutter to reduce the solar heat gain. Energy Build 47:421–429CrossRef
131.
Zurück zum Zitat Sharma A, Tyagi VV, Chen CR, Buddhi D (2009) Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13:318–345CrossRef Sharma A, Tyagi VV, Chen CR, Buddhi D (2009) Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13:318–345CrossRef
132.
Zurück zum Zitat Phimolsiripol Y, Siripatrawan U, Tulyathan V, Cleland DJ (2008) Effects of freezing and temperature fluctuations during frozen storage on frozen dough and bread quality. J Food Eng 84:48–56CrossRef Phimolsiripol Y, Siripatrawan U, Tulyathan V, Cleland DJ (2008) Effects of freezing and temperature fluctuations during frozen storage on frozen dough and bread quality. J Food Eng 84:48–56CrossRef
133.
Zurück zum Zitat Gormley R, Walshe T, Hussey K, Butler F (2002) The effect of fluctuating vs. constant frozen storage temperature regimes on some quality parameters of selected food products. LWT Food Sci Technol 35(2):190–200CrossRef Gormley R, Walshe T, Hussey K, Butler F (2002) The effect of fluctuating vs. constant frozen storage temperature regimes on some quality parameters of selected food products. LWT Food Sci Technol 35(2):190–200CrossRef
134.
Zurück zum Zitat Onyejekwe D (1989) Cold storage using eutectic mixture of NaCl/H2O: an application to photovoltaic compressor vapours freezers. Sol Wind Technol 6:11–18CrossRef Onyejekwe D (1989) Cold storage using eutectic mixture of NaCl/H2O: an application to photovoltaic compressor vapours freezers. Sol Wind Technol 6:11–18CrossRef
135.
Zurück zum Zitat Azzouz K, Leducq D, Gobin D (2008) Performance enhancement of a household refrigerator by addition of latent heat storage. Int J Refrig 31:892–901CrossRef Azzouz K, Leducq D, Gobin D (2008) Performance enhancement of a household refrigerator by addition of latent heat storage. Int J Refrig 31:892–901CrossRef
136.
Zurück zum Zitat Azzouz K, Leducq D, Gobin D (2009) Enhancing the performance of household refrigerators with latent heat storage: an experimental investigation. Int J Refrig 32:1634–1644CrossRef Azzouz K, Leducq D, Gobin D (2009) Enhancing the performance of household refrigerators with latent heat storage: an experimental investigation. Int J Refrig 32:1634–1644CrossRef
137.
Zurück zum Zitat Gin B, Farid MM, Bansal PK (2010) Effect of door opening and defrost cycle on a freezer with phase change panels. Energy Conservs Manage 51:2698–2706CrossRef Gin B, Farid MM, Bansal PK (2010) Effect of door opening and defrost cycle on a freezer with phase change panels. Energy Conservs Manage 51:2698–2706CrossRef
138.
Zurück zum Zitat Gin B, Farid MM (2010) The use of PCM panels to improve storage condition of frozen food. J Food Eng 100:372–376CrossRef Gin B, Farid MM (2010) The use of PCM panels to improve storage condition of frozen food. J Food Eng 100:372–376CrossRef
139.
Zurück zum Zitat Oró E, Miró L, Farid MM, Cabeza LF (2012) Improving thermal performance of freezers using phase change materials. Int J Refrig 35(4):984–991CrossRef Oró E, Miró L, Farid MM, Cabeza LF (2012) Improving thermal performance of freezers using phase change materials. Int J Refrig 35(4):984–991CrossRef
140.
Zurück zum Zitat Subramaniam P, Tulapurkar C, Thiyagarajan R, Thangamani G (2010) Phase change materials for domestic refrigerators to improve food quality and prolong compressor off time. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference at Purdue Subramaniam P, Tulapurkar C, Thiyagarajan R, Thangamani G (2010) Phase change materials for domestic refrigerators to improve food quality and prolong compressor off time. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference at Purdue
141.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu YL, Zhang WH, Yuan P, Xue MD, Qu ZG, Tao WQ (2010) Experimental study of heat transfer intensification by using a novel combined shelf in food refrigerated display cabinets (experimental study of a novel cabinets). Appl Therm Eng 30:85–91CrossRef Lu YL, Zhang WH, Yuan P, Xue MD, Qu ZG, Tao WQ (2010) Experimental study of heat transfer intensification by using a novel combined shelf in food refrigerated display cabinets (experimental study of a novel cabinets). Appl Therm Eng 30:85–91CrossRef
142.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoang HM, Leducq D, Perez-Masia R, Lagaron JM, Gogou E, Taoukis P, Alvarez G (2015) Heat transfer study of submicro-encapsulated PCM plate for food packaging application. Int J Refrig 52:151–160CrossRef Hoang HM, Leducq D, Perez-Masia R, Lagaron JM, Gogou E, Taoukis P, Alvarez G (2015) Heat transfer study of submicro-encapsulated PCM plate for food packaging application. Int J Refrig 52:151–160CrossRef
143.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmed M, Meade O, Medina MA (2010) Reducing heat transfer across the insulated walls of refrigerated truck trailers by the application of phase change materials. Energy Convers Manage 51:383–392CrossRef Ahmed M, Meade O, Medina MA (2010) Reducing heat transfer across the insulated walls of refrigerated truck trailers by the application of phase change materials. Energy Convers Manage 51:383–392CrossRef
144.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu M, Saman W, Bruno F (2012) Development of a novel refrigeration system for refrigerated trucks incorporating phase change material. Appl Energy 92:336–342CrossRef Liu M, Saman W, Bruno F (2012) Development of a novel refrigeration system for refrigerated trucks incorporating phase change material. Appl Energy 92:336–342CrossRef
146.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao D, Tan G (2014) Experimental evaluation of a prototype thermoelectric system integrated with PCM (phase change material) for space cooling. Energy 68:658–666CrossRef Zhao D, Tan G (2014) Experimental evaluation of a prototype thermoelectric system integrated with PCM (phase change material) for space cooling. Energy 68:658–666CrossRef
147.
Zurück zum Zitat Eisele M, Hwang Y, Radermacher R (2013) Utilization of ice storage in secondary loop automotive air-conditioning systems. SAE Int J Passeng Cars Mech Syst 6(2):512–519 Eisele M, Hwang Y, Radermacher R (2013) Utilization of ice storage in secondary loop automotive air-conditioning systems. SAE Int J Passeng Cars Mech Syst 6(2):512–519
148.
Zurück zum Zitat Lemke NC, Lemke JL, Koehler J (2012) Secondary loop system for automotive HVAC units under different climatic conditions. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference 2012, Paper 1282 Lemke NC, Lemke JL, Koehler J (2012) Secondary loop system for automotive HVAC units under different climatic conditions. In: International refrigeration and air conditioning conference 2012, Paper 1282
Metadaten
Titel
Cold Thermal Energy Storage Materials and Applications Toward Sustainability
verfasst von
Gang Li
Yunho Hwang
Reinhard Radermacher
Copyright-Jahr
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_4