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Erschienen in:
2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
Control of Phosphoinositide Synthesis
verfasst von : Weijiu Liu
Erschienen in: Introduction to Modeling Biological Cellular Control Systems
Verlag: Springer Milan
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Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP
2
) is the predominant (99%) phosphoinositide in mammalian cells [7]. PIP
2
is synthesized from phosphatidylinositol-4- phosphate (PIP) by PIP
2
synthases while PIP is synthesized from Phosphatidylinositol (PI) by PIP synthases. PIP
2
in cells is normally hydrolyzed by phospholipase C (PLC) to generate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP
3
) and diacylglycerol (DAG),which serve as second messengers for intracellular Ca
2+
mobilization and PKC (protein kinase C) activation, respectively [4, 7]. Thus, PIP
2
plays important roles in PLCmediated cellular processes, such as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [1], storeoperated calcium entry [2, 6], and sterol trafficking [5, 8]. Mathematical models for the process of phosphoinositide synthesis have been established (see, e.g., [3, 7]). In this chapter, we present the model developed by Xu
et al
[7] because of its simplicity.