Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 6/2008

01.12.2008

Correlation of Yield Strength and Tensile Strength with Hardness for Steels

verfasst von: E.J. Pavlina, C.J. Van Tyne

Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance | Ausgabe 6/2008

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Hardness values as well as yield and tensile strength values were compiled for over 150 nonaustenitic, hypoeutectoid steels having a wide range of compositions and a variety of microstructures. The microstructures include ferrite, pearlite, martensite, bainite, and complex multiphase structures. The yield strength of the steels ranged from approximately 300 MPa to over 1700 MPa. Tensile strength varied over the range of 450-2350 MPa. Regression analysis was used to determine the correlation of the yield strength and the tensile strength to the diamond pyramid hardness values for these steels. Both the yield strength and tensile strength of the steels exhibited a linear correlation with the hardness over the entire range of strength values. Empirical relationships are provided that enable the estimation of strength from a bulk hardness measurement. A weak effect of strain-hardening potential on the hardness-yield strength relationship was also observed.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat D. Tabor, The Hardness and Strength of Metals, J. Inst. Met., 79, 1951, p 1–18 D. Tabor, The Hardness and Strength of Metals, J. Inst. Met., 79, 1951, p 1–18
2.
Zurück zum Zitat M.C. Shaw, G.J. DeSalvo, A New Approach to Plasticity and Its Application to Blunt Two Dimensional Indenters, Trans. ASME J. Eng. Ind., 92, 1970, p 469–479CrossRef M.C. Shaw, G.J. DeSalvo, A New Approach to Plasticity and Its Application to Blunt Two Dimensional Indenters, Trans. ASME J. Eng. Ind., 92, 1970, p 469–479CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat M.C. Shaw, G.J. DeSalvo, The Role of Elasticity in Hardness Testing, Met. Eng. Quart., 12, 1972, p 1–7 M.C. Shaw, G.J. DeSalvo, The Role of Elasticity in Hardness Testing, Met. Eng. Quart., 12, 1972, p 1–7
4.
Zurück zum Zitat The Science of Hardness Testing, J.H. Westbrook and H. Conrad, Eds., American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio, USA, 1973, p 75–79 The Science of Hardness Testing, J.H. Westbrook and H. Conrad, Eds., American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio, USA, 1973, p 75–79
5.
Zurück zum Zitat J.R. Cahoon, W.H. Broughton, A.R. Kutzak, The Determination of Yield Strength from Hardness Measurements, Metall. Trans., 2, 1971, p 1979–1983 J.R. Cahoon, W.H. Broughton, A.R. Kutzak, The Determination of Yield Strength from Hardness Measurements, Metall. Trans., 2, 1971, p 1979–1983
6.
Zurück zum Zitat J.R. Cahoon, An Improved Equation Relating Hardness to Ultimate Strength, Metall. Trans., 3, 1972, p 3040CrossRef J.R. Cahoon, An Improved Equation Relating Hardness to Ultimate Strength, Metall. Trans., 3, 1972, p 3040CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat C.Y. Hsu, Correlation of Hot-Microhardness with Elevated-Temperature Tensile Properties of Low Activation Ferritic Steel, J. Nucl. Mater., 141–143, 1986, p 518–522CrossRef C.Y. Hsu, Correlation of Hot-Microhardness with Elevated-Temperature Tensile Properties of Low Activation Ferritic Steel, J. Nucl. Mater., 141–143, 1986, p 518–522CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Moteff, R.K. Bhargava, W.L. McCullough, Correlation of the Hot-Hardness With the Tensile Strength of 304 Stainless Steel to Temperatures of 1200 °C, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 6A, 1975, p 1101–1104CrossRef J. Moteff, R.K. Bhargava, W.L. McCullough, Correlation of the Hot-Hardness With the Tensile Strength of 304 Stainless Steel to Temperatures of 1200 °C, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 6A, 1975, p 1101–1104CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat L. Addessio, “The Effect of Strain Rate and Tempering on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Martensite,” MS Thesis T-6267, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2007 L. Addessio, “The Effect of Strain Rate and Tempering on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Martensite,” MS Thesis T-6267, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2007
10.
Zurück zum Zitat N.E. Aloi, “Hot Deformation, Microstructure, and Property Analysis of Ferritic/Pearlitic and Bainitic Microalloyed Forging Steels,” MS Thesis T-4617, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994 N.E. Aloi, “Hot Deformation, Microstructure, and Property Analysis of Ferritic/Pearlitic and Bainitic Microalloyed Forging Steels,” MS Thesis T-4617, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994
11.
Zurück zum Zitat P.I. Anderson, “Induction Hardening Response of Ferrite and Pearlite Banded Steel,” MS Thesis T-6083, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2005 P.I. Anderson, “Induction Hardening Response of Ferrite and Pearlite Banded Steel,” MS Thesis T-6083, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2005
12.
Zurück zum Zitat S.F. Biagiotti, “Effect of Nickel on Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance in Steels,” MS Thesis T-4486, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994 S.F. Biagiotti, “Effect of Nickel on Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance in Steels,” MS Thesis T-4486, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994
13.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Cross, “Effects of Microstructure on the Fire-resistant Properties of HSLA Structural Steels,” MS Thesis T-6102, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2006 J. Cross, “Effects of Microstructure on the Fire-resistant Properties of HSLA Structural Steels,” MS Thesis T-6102, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2006
14.
Zurück zum Zitat J.L. Cunningham, “Effects of Induction Hardening and Prior Cold Work on a Microalloyed Medium-carbon Steel,” MS Thesis T-4916, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1996 J.L. Cunningham, “Effects of Induction Hardening and Prior Cold Work on a Microalloyed Medium-carbon Steel,” MS Thesis T-4916, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1996
15.
Zurück zum Zitat B.A. James, “Interactive Effects of Phosphorus and Tin on Carbide Evolution and Fatigue and Fracture Properties in 5160 Steel,” PhD Thesis T-4616, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994 B.A. James, “Interactive Effects of Phosphorus and Tin on Carbide Evolution and Fatigue and Fracture Properties in 5160 Steel,” PhD Thesis T-4616, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994
16.
Zurück zum Zitat J.A. Johnson, “Fatigue of Microalloyed Bar Steels,” MS Thesis T-5285, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999 J.A. Johnson, “Fatigue of Microalloyed Bar Steels,” MS Thesis T-5285, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999
17.
Zurück zum Zitat J.S. Keske, “Reheat-cracking Sensitivity in ASTM A514 Steels as Influenced by Sulfur and Boron,” MS Thesis T-5279, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999 J.S. Keske, “Reheat-cracking Sensitivity in ASTM A514 Steels as Influenced by Sulfur and Boron,” MS Thesis T-5279, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999
18.
Zurück zum Zitat B.G. Kirby, “Microstructural and Performance Optimization of Microalloyed Bar and Forging Steels,” MS Thesis T-4287, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1992 B.G. Kirby, “Microstructural and Performance Optimization of Microalloyed Bar and Forging Steels,” MS Thesis T-4287, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1992
19.
Zurück zum Zitat M.J. Leap, “The Effects of Forging on the Microstructural Development, Strength, and Dynamic Fracture Behavior of Microalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Steels,” MS Thesis T-3276, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1987 M.J. Leap, “The Effects of Forging on the Microstructural Development, Strength, and Dynamic Fracture Behavior of Microalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Steels,” MS Thesis T-3276, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1987
20.
Zurück zum Zitat M.J. Merwin, “The Effects of Titanium Nitride Particles and Free Nitrogen on the Heat-affected Zone Toughness of API-2Y Type Plate Steels,” PhD Thesis T-4961, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1997 M.J. Merwin, “The Effects of Titanium Nitride Particles and Free Nitrogen on the Heat-affected Zone Toughness of API-2Y Type Plate Steels,” PhD Thesis T-4961, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1997
21.
Zurück zum Zitat A.J. Nagy Bailey, “Effects of Silicon and Retained Austenite on Direct-cooled Microalloyed Forging Steels with Bainitic Microstructures,” MS Thesis T-4709, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1995 A.J. Nagy Bailey, “Effects of Silicon and Retained Austenite on Direct-cooled Microalloyed Forging Steels with Bainitic Microstructures,” MS Thesis T-4709, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1995
22.
Zurück zum Zitat E.J. Pavlina, “Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Dual Phase Steels in Tubular Products,” MS Thesis T-6271, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2007 E.J. Pavlina, “Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Dual Phase Steels in Tubular Products,” MS Thesis T-6271, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2007
23.
Zurück zum Zitat S.A. Richardson, “The Effects of Thermal Processing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HSLA-100 Plate Steel,” MS Thesis T-3949, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1990 S.A. Richardson, “The Effects of Thermal Processing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HSLA-100 Plate Steel,” MS Thesis T-3949, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1990
24.
Zurück zum Zitat E.J. Schultz, “The Effect of the Hot-roll Reduction Ratio on Fully Reversed Axial Fatigue Properties of a Continuously-cast and Hardened 4140 Steel,” MS Thesis T-4267, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1992 E.J. Schultz, “The Effect of the Hot-roll Reduction Ratio on Fully Reversed Axial Fatigue Properties of a Continuously-cast and Hardened 4140 Steel,” MS Thesis T-4267, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1992
25.
Zurück zum Zitat D.A. Shepherd, “The Effect of Strain Rate on the Hot Deformation Behavior of Microalloyed Bar Steels at Warm Forging Temperature,” MS Thesis T-4196, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999 D.A. Shepherd, “The Effect of Strain Rate on the Hot Deformation Behavior of Microalloyed Bar Steels at Warm Forging Temperature,” MS Thesis T-4196, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1999
26.
Zurück zum Zitat L.P. Turner, “The Relationship of Friction, Formability and Normal Anisotropy in SAE 1012 Modified Steel,” MS Thesis T-4554, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994 L.P. Turner, “The Relationship of Friction, Formability and Normal Anisotropy in SAE 1012 Modified Steel,” MS Thesis T-4554, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1994
27.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Walp, “Fire-Resistant Steels for Construction Applications,” MS Thesis T-5782, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2002 M. Walp, “Fire-Resistant Steels for Construction Applications,” MS Thesis T-5782, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 2002
28.
Zurück zum Zitat G.C. Yerby, “The Effects of Direct Quenching after Forging on the Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel,” MS Thesis T-4901, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1996 G.C. Yerby, “The Effects of Direct Quenching after Forging on the Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel,” MS Thesis T-4901, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 1996
29.
Zurück zum Zitat “Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness,” E 140-05 2005, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 3.01. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, p 308–328 “Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness,” E 140-05 2005, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 3.01. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, p 308–328
30.
Zurück zum Zitat W.D. Callister Jr., Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, USA, 2000, p 139–140 W.D. Callister Jr., Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, USA, 2000, p 139–140
31.
Zurück zum Zitat R. Clark Jr., B. Coughran, I. Traina, A. Hernandez, T. Scheck, C. Etuk, J. Peters, E.W. Lee, L. Ogren, O.S. Es-Said, On the Correlation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of 7075-T6 Al Alloy. Eng. Fail. Anal., 12, 2005, p 520–526CrossRef R. Clark Jr., B. Coughran, I. Traina, A. Hernandez, T. Scheck, C. Etuk, J. Peters, E.W. Lee, L. Ogren, O.S. Es-Said, On the Correlation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of 7075-T6 Al Alloy. Eng. Fail. Anal., 12, 2005, p 520–526CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat C.H. Cáceres, J.R. Griffiths, A.R. Pakdel, C.J. Davidson, Microhardness Mapping and the Hardness-Yield Strength Relationship in High-pressure Diecast Magnesium Alloy AZ91, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 402, 2005, p 258–268CrossRef C.H. Cáceres, J.R. Griffiths, A.R. Pakdel, C.J. Davidson, Microhardness Mapping and the Hardness-Yield Strength Relationship in High-pressure Diecast Magnesium Alloy AZ91, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 402, 2005, p 258–268CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat C.H. Cáceres, W.J. Poole, A.L. Bowles, C.J. Davidson, Section Thickness, Macrohardness and Yield Strength in High-pressure Diecast Magnesium Alloy AZ91, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 402, 2005, p 269–277CrossRef C.H. Cáceres, W.J. Poole, A.L. Bowles, C.J. Davidson, Section Thickness, Macrohardness and Yield Strength in High-pressure Diecast Magnesium Alloy AZ91, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 402, 2005, p 269–277CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Correlation of Yield Strength and Tensile Strength with Hardness for Steels
verfasst von
E.J. Pavlina
C.J. Van Tyne
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2008
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance / Ausgabe 6/2008
Print ISSN: 1059-9495
Elektronische ISSN: 1544-1024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-008-9225-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2008

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 6/2008 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.