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Quality & Quantity

Erschienen in:

19.12.2014

Determinants of malnutrition in Indian children: new evidence from IDHS through CIAF

verfasst von: Rana Ejaz Ali Khan, Muhammad Ali Raza

Erschienen in: Quality & Quantity | Ausgabe 1/2016

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Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the determinants of malnutrition in children (under 5 years) in urban and rural areas of India. The ultimate objective is to frame policy proposals for children’s nutritional welfare. In this empirical study, logit model is applied to 9,381 observations of urban and 18,418 of rural areas. The composite index of anthropometric failure is constructed to use it as an indicator of malnutrition. The results revealed that probability for anthropometric failure increases by age, birth-order and duration of breastfeeding. The birth-interval, delivery of the child in hospital, wealth index of the household, mother’s BMI and mother’s education turned out to be negatively affecting children’s malnutrition in both urban and rural areas. Gender of the child has no significant effect on malnutrition in both urban and rural communities. From the policy perspective enlarging the birth-interval through family planning programs and squeezing the duration of breastfeeding by giving supplement food at subsidized rates may contribute to enhance children’s nutritional status. For the long-run socioeconomic status of the household and BMI of mothers require attention of policy makers. To break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition, the nutritional status of today’s girls in the age of adolescent is recommended to be improved. The findings of study may support academicians, policy makers and social activists for human development programs in India.

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Some of the variables may overlap if we make another category of biological characteristics. It may include mother’s height and weight, and child’s hemoglobin, dietary index, morbidity and immunization. Similarly the nutrition and health characteristics may include food security, child feeding and maternal reproductive health, etc.

However longer birth-interval may have negative effect on birth outcomes. A woman’s physiological and anatomic capacity to accommodate fetal growth may revert to nulliparous state if she has undergone a long period since her last birth, and that the infant subsequently to a long interval may experience the same risks as the first birth infant (Zhu et al. 1999).

Like the severe effect of place of delivery on nutritional status of children in rural areas, the negative effect of longer breast-feeding is also higher in rural areas.

Although Subramanian et al. (2010) have found same type of association between child malnutrition and maternal BMI along with paternal BMI.

Despite the overwhelming interest and progress on the role of socioeconomic status in health seeking behavior and outcomes, its conceptualization and measurement remains unsettled. Cortinovis et al. (1993) have stressed the need to construct overall socioeconomic indices rather than using individual indicators. There is still no consensus on its nominal definition and accepted measurement. In this context, researchers working on developing countries often use their own individual, household or community-level socioeconomic indicators.

See also, D’souza (1997) for poor household structure on child health; Ibrahim (1999 for Pakistan) for toilet facilities in the household; Mehmood (2001 for Pakistan) for flush toilet and safe drinking water (see also Hong et al. 2006 for Bangladesh); Rajaram et al. (2003 for India) for better housing standards, arsenic in drinking water, cooking fuel cleanliness (also, Hong et al. 2006 for Bangladesh).

Although Garcia and Alderman (1989) have questioned the estimation of impact of income and education alternatively socioeconomic status of the household measured by wealth index on child health status without including community level unobservables like health-care services and distance to health-care facilities.

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Titel: Determinants of malnutrition in Indian children: new evidence from IDHS through CIAF
verfasst von: Rana Ejaz Ali Khan
Muhammad Ali Raza
Publikationsdatum: 19.12.2014
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Quality & Quantity / Ausgabe 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0033-5177
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7845
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-014-0149-x

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