nach oben

Erschienen in:

2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

24. Disaster Management and Risk Reduction: Impacts of Sea Level Rise and Other Hazards Related to Tsunamis on Syrian Coastal Zone

verfasst von : Hussain Aziz Saleh, Georges Allaert

Erschienen in: Typhoon Impact and Crisis Management

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The rapid development of economic construction and urbanization, highly dense population, infrastructure and traffic, all have caused a lot of troubles to the main cities in the Syrian coastal region. In addition, this region which is located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, and among Arabian, African and European Asian plates is suffering from increasing the number of natural and man-made disasters such as earthquakes, climate change, flash flooding, and mainly the expected sea level rise. This rise effect often depends on many elements, such as seismic hazard, vulnerability, exposure and emergency response and recovery capability. It is not possible to completely avoid this rise, but the sufferings can be minimized by creating proper awareness of this hazard and its impacts through developing an integrated system of the geographical and environmental data collection and management tools with simulation and decision tools for risk reduction and assessment. Great change becomes to integrated management and more to eco-environmental safety construction, especially to the prevention for disasters destroyed structure as sea level rise. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to address the need for an integrated disaster risk management in Syrian coastal zone. This will help to manage the risk of these disasters and hazards in a more effective manner through linking up disaster management more closely and consistently with urban planning and management.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel A Study on Typhoon Risk Prediction by Different Methods of Pattern Recognition

Nächstes Kapitel Using Geology as a Tool for Assessing Coastal Risk in Asia

Alexander, D.: Principles of Emergency Planning and Management. Oxford University Press, New York (2002)

Ambraseys, N., Barazangi, M.: The 1759 earthquake in the Beka Valley: Implications for earthquake hazard assessment in the Eastern Mediterranean region. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 4007–4103 (1989)CrossRef

Annunziato, A., Carrilho, F., Matias, L.M., Baptista, M.A., Omira, R.: Progress in the establishment of the Portuguese Tsunami Warning System. EMSC (European Mediterranean Seismological Centre) Newsletter. April 2009

Bell, G., Goring, G., Walters, A.: Advances in understanding sea-level variability around New Zealand. In: coastal engineering, Billy edge (ed.), 2, 1490–1500, Proceedings of 27th International conference on coastal engineering, Sydney, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY. http://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/climate/effect-coastal-sep01/index.html (2001)

Berz, G.: Windstorm and storm surges in Europe: loss trends and possible count-actions from the viewpoint of an international reinsurer. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 363, 1431–1440 (2005)CrossRef

Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I., Wisner, B.: Natural Hazards, people’s vulnerability and disasters, 1st edn. Routledge, London (1994)

Boko, M., Niang, I., Nyong, A., Vogel, C., Githeko, A., Medany, M., Osman-Elasha, B., Tabo, R., Yanda, P.: Africa Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007)

Burby, R.J.: Hurricane Katrina and the paradoxes of government disaster policy: Bringing about wise governmental decisions for hazardous areas. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 604(1), 171–191 (2006)CrossRef

Burton, I., Smith, J.B., Lenhart, S.: Adaptation to climate change: theory and assessment. In: Handbook on Methods for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies [Feenstra, J.F., I. Burton, J.B. Smith, and R.S.J. Tol (eds.)]. UNEP and Institute for Environmental Studies, Free University of Amsterdam, pp. 5.1–5.20 (1998)

Christopher, D.G., Harley, A., Hughes, R., Hultgren, K.M., Miner, B.G., Sorte, C.J.B., Thornber, C.S., Rodriguez, L.F., Tomanek, L., Williams, S.L.: The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems. Ecol. Lett. 9, 228–241 (2006)CrossRef

Crichton, D.: The risk triangle. In: Ingleton, Jon (ed.) Natural disaster management. Tudor Rose, London (1999)

Cuny, F.: Disaster and development. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1983)

Dawson, G., Lockett, P., Shi, S.: Tsunami hazards in Europe. Environ. Int. 30, 577–585 (2004)CrossRef

EEA-JRC-WHO: Impacts of Europe’s changing climate—2008 indicator-based assessment, JRC Reference Report No. JRC47756, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (2008)

Ellis, J.I., Norkko, A., Thrush, S.F.: Broad-scale disturbance of intertidal and shallow sublittoral soft-sediment habitats: Effects on the benthic macrofauna. J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Recovery 7, 57–74 (2000)CrossRef

EM-DAT: The International Disaster Database, Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2009. Center of Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). http://www.emdat.be/database (2010)

EPSON: The Spatial Effects and Management of Natural and Technological Hazards in Europe. Report to Directorate General Environment, European Commission (2006)

EUROSION: Living with coastal erosion in Europe: sediment and space for sustainability. Report to Directorate General Environment, European Commission (2004)

Fanos, A.M.: The impact of human activities on the erosion and accretion of the Nile Delta coast. J. Coastal Res. 11, 821–833 (1995)

Fish, M.R., Cote, I.M., Gill, J.A., Jones, A.P., Renshoff, S., Watkinson, A.R.: Predicting the impact of sea-level rise on Caribbean sea turtle nesting habitat. Conserv. Biol. 19, 482–491 (2005)CrossRef

Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO): Fishery Country Profile—Syrian Arab Republic; www.fao.org (2007)

Fukumori, I., Lee, T., Tang, B., and Menemenlis, D.: A basin-oscillation of the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Sci. Meet. Suppl., EOS Trans. 84, 52 (2003)

Gardoni, P., Murphy, C.: Recovery from natural and man-made disasters as capabilities restoration and enhancement. Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann. 3(4), 317–333 (2008)CrossRef

Gerassimos, A., Papadopoulos, G.A., Anna, F.: Strong Tsunamis in the Mediterranean sea: A Re-evaluation. ISET J. Earthquake Technol. 42(4), 159–170 (2005) (Paper No. 463)

Gomez, F., Meghrauoi, M., Darkal, A.N., Sbeinati, R. Darawcheh, R., Tabet, C., Khawlie, M., Charabe, M., Khair, K., Barazangi, M.: Coseismic displacements along the Serghaya fault: An active branch of the Dead Sea fault system. J. Geol. Soc. London 158, 405–408 (2001)

Gornitz, V.M., Daniels, R.C., White, T.W., Birdwell, K.R.: The development of a coastal risk assessment database: Vulnerability to sea-level rise in the U.S. southeast. J. Coastal Res. 12, 327–338 (1994). (Special Issue)

Gulev, S.K., Hasse, L.: Changes of wind waves in the North Atlantic over the last 30 years. Int. J. Climatol. 19, 1091–1117 (1999)CrossRef

IBA: Important Bird Area. Report of the Syrian Arab Republic on the implementation of the Agreement with IBA in the period 2006–2007. Directorate of Biodiversity and Protected Areas, The State Ministry for Environmental Affairs, Damascus, Syria. http://www.birdlife.org/ (2012)

IDNDR: The International Day was to be observed annually during the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, 1990–99 (resolution 56/195) (1999)

IPCC: Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Summary for Policymakers and Technical Summary of the Working Group I Report contribution to the 3th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, UK. (http://www.ipcc.ch) (2001a)

IPCC: Climate change 2001: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, contribution of working group II to 3th assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, UK (http://www.ipcc.ch) (2001b)

IPCC: Climate Change 2001: Mitigationm, contribution of working group III to 3th assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, UK. (http://www.ipcc.ch) (2001c)

IPCC: Climate Change 2007: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to 4th assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; New York (2007)

ISDR: National platforms and country profiles for “disaster risk reduction” 1994/2004. http://www.unisdr.org/eng/country-inform/introduction.htm (2004)

ISDR: Regional workshop: Program for a Tsunami early warning system in Central America. http://www.eird.org/eng/revista/n11_2005/art18.htm (2005)

Jeftic, L., J.D., Milliman, G., Sestini, (eds): Climatic Change and the Mediterranean: environmental and societal impacts of climate change and sea-level rise in the Mediterranean region. Volume I (1992)

Komar, P.D.: Beach processes and sedimentation, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, NJ (1998)

Leatherman, S.P.: Social and economic costs of sea level rise. In: Douglas, B.C., Kearney, M.S., Leatherman, S.P. (eds.) Sea level rise—history and consequences, pp. 181–223. San Diego, USA: Academic Press (2001)

Manca, B.B., Budillon, G., Scarazzato, P., Ursella, L.: Evolution of dynamics in the Eastern Mediterranean affecting water mass structures and properties in the Ionian and Adriatic seas. J. Geophys. Res. 108(C9), 8102 (2003)

Meslmani, Y.: Review of Air Quality in Syria: Syrian’s Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Ministry of State for Environment Affairs and the United Nation Development Program (Damascus-Syria). www.inc-sy.org (2010)

Möller, I., Spencer, T.: Wave dissipation over macro-tidal salt marshes: Effects of marsh edge typology and vegetation change. J. Coast. Res. SI36: 506–521 (2002)

Murphy, C., Gardoni, P.: Determining public policy and resource allocation priorities for mitigating natural hazards: a capabilities-based approach. Sci. Eng. Ethics 13(4), 489–504 (2007)CrossRef

Nicholls, R.J., Tol, R.S.J.: Impacts and responses to sea-level rise: a global analysis of the SRES scenarios over the twenty-first century. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A. 364, 1073–1095 (2006)

Oliver-Smith, A.: Theorizing vulnerability in a globalized world: A political ecological perspective. In: Bankoff, G., Frerks, G., Hilhorst, D. (eds.) Mapping vulnerability: Disasters, pp. 10–24. Development and People, Earthscan (2004)

Oliver-Smith, A.: Problems in post disaster resettlement: Cross cultural perspectives, in: Y. Aysan, I. Davis (eds.) Disasters and the small dwelling: Perspectives for the UN IDNDR, James & James, London, pp. 58–66 (1992)

Oliver-Smith, A.: Sea Level Rise and the Vulnerability of Coastal Peoples: Responding to the Local Challenges of Global Climate Change in the 21st Century, ‘Interdisciplinary Security Connections’ Publication Series of UNU-EHS, No. 7/2009 (2009)

Palmer, A.: Rising sea levels, The World Bank report. http://www.theworldincrisis.com/artman2/publish/climate/Rising_Sea_Levels.shtml (2008). Accessed 12 July 2011

PAP/RAC: Report on the national workshop to promote Syria’s ICZM policy brief; the Coastal Management Centre. www.pap-thecoastcentre.org (2008)

Papadopoulos, G.A.: Tsunami hazard in the Eastern Mediterranean: Strong earthquakes and tsunamis in the Corinth Gulf, Central Greece. Nat. Hazards 29(3), 437–464 (2003)CrossRef

Pearce, L.: Disaster management and community planning, and public participation: How to achieve sustainable hazard mitigation. Nat. Hazards 28, 211–228 (2003)CrossRef

Pilkey, O.H., Hume, T.M.: The shoreline erosion problem: lessons from the past. NIWA Water Atmos. 9(2), 22–23 (2001)

RAC/SPA: Regional project for the development of marine and coastal protected areas in the Mediterranean Region (MedMPA)—Recommendations for the elaboration of a national plan to develop marine protected areas in Syria. www.medpan.org (2004)

Saleh, H., Allaert, G.: Scientific research based optimisation and geo-information technologies for integrating environmental planning in disaster management. In: Tang, D., Singh, R. (eds.) Remote sensing of the changing oceans: natural hazards. Springer, Berlin (2011)

Saleh, H., Allaert, G.: Mitigating urban flood disasters in Syria: A case study of the massive Zeyzoun dam collapse. In the proceedings of the workshop on safe water services in post-conflict and post-disaster contexts, World Water Week, Stockholm, Sweden 16th–22th Aug 2009a

Saleh, H., Allaert, G.: Optimal decision making in disaster management and risk reduction using early warning system, Communications, and Geo-informatics. In the International Symposium on disaster management, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 3–7 Oct 2009b

Schmidt-Thomé, P., Kallio, H.: Natural and technological hazard maps of Europe. In: Schmidt-Thomé, P. (ed.) Natural and technological hazards and risks in European regions. Geol. Surv. Finl. Spec. Paper 42, 17–63 (2006)

Shaw, J., Taylor, R.B., Forbes, D.L., Ruz, M.H., Solomon, S.: Sensitivity of the Canadian coast to SLR. Geol. Surv. Canada Bull. 505, 114 (1998)

Smith, K.: Environmental hazards-assessing risk and reducing disaster, Routledge, 3rd edn. pp. 381 (2000)

Synolakis, C.E.: Tsunami and Seiche. In Earthquake Engineering Handbook, In: Chen W. F., Scawthorn, C. (eds.). CRC Press, US, pp. 9:1–9:90 (2003)

Syrian Arab Republic: National progress report on the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action, SYR-HFA: http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/progress/reports/v.php?id=17404&pid:223//http://preventionweb.net/go/17404 (2009–2011). Accessed July 10 2011

Syrian Planning Commission SPC: Analysis of the macroeconomical status Quo, 2003–2006 (2006)

Taylor, J.A., Murdock, A.P., Pontee, N.I.: A macroscale analysis of coastal steepening around the coast of England and Wales. Geogr. J. 170, 179–188 (2004)CrossRef

UNEP/MAP: Towards a strategy for Syria’s Coast—ICZM policy background. METAP/SMAP III report (2008)

Van Westen, C.1., Terlien, M.T.1.: An approach towards deterministic landslide hazard analysis in GIS. A case study from Manizales (Colombia). Earth Surf. Land. 21, 853–868 (1995)

Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I.: At risk natural hazards, people’s vulnerability and disasters. 2nd ed. Routledge, London, New York (2004)

Yáñez, I.: Cambio Climático en el Mediterráneo Español, (Climate Change in the Spanish Mediterranean). Spanish Oceanography Institute (IEO), tells SINC. (2010). ISBN: 978-84-95877-48-2

Titel: Disaster Management and Risk Reduction: Impacts of Sea Level Rise and Other Hazards Related to Tsunamis on Syrian Coastal Zone
verfasst von: Hussain Aziz Saleh
Georges Allaert
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Typhoon Impact and Crisis Management
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-40694-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-40695-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40695-9_24

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"