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Neural Computing and Applications

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24.01.2021 | Review

Distributed biological computation: from oscillators, logic gates and switches to a multicellular processor and neural computing applications

verfasst von: Miha Moškon, Roman Komac, Nikolaj Zimic, Miha Mraz

Erschienen in: Neural Computing and Applications | Ausgabe 15/2021

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Abstract

Ever since its foundational years, synthetic biology has been focused on the implementation of biological computing structures. In the beginning, engineered biological computation has mainly been based on uncoupled monoclonal cellular populations. Implementations of such computing structures were mostly inspired by digital electronic circuits and revealed many constraints that limited the advance of the field to relatively simple information processing structures. The focus has recently shifted towards the implementation of biological computing structures within coupled intercellular circuits composed of engineered cellular modules. These circuits have, however, advanced only to a certain point, namely to consist of a few engineered bacterial strains, which perform the computation. It is now time to make a transition from modules and relatively simple systems of biological processing structures to networks composing different strains each presenting a designated computing structure. In such networks, each strain is analogous to a logic chip on a breadboard circuit and is connected to other strains by means of intercellular communication mechanisms rather than copper wires. This analogy can be driven further to use a set of engineered biological modules to construct a complex computing system, such as a multicellular biological processor. We review the state of the art of distributed cellular computation, communication mechanisms, and computational analysis and design approaches for distributed biological computing. We demonstrate the potential next step in engineered biological computation by a proposal of a design of a multicellular biological processor. We demonstrate an analysis of the proposed computing network using in silico simulation and optimisation approaches. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of the reviewed distributed cellular computing structures to the field of neural computing.

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Titel: Distributed biological computation: from oscillators, logic gates and switches to a multicellular processor and neural computing applications
verfasst von: Miha Moškon
Roman Komac
Nikolaj Zimic
Miha Mraz
Publikationsdatum: 24.01.2021
Verlag: Springer London
Erschienen in: Neural Computing and Applications / Ausgabe 15/2021
Print ISSN: 0941-0643
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-3058
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-05711-6

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