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Small Business Economics

Erschienen in:

03.09.2019

Do freelance independent contractors promote entrepreneurship?

verfasst von: Andrew Burke, Imran Zawwar, Stephanie Hussels

Erschienen in: Small Business Economics | Ausgabe 2/2020

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Abstract

We investigate whether or not the level of entrepreneurial activity in an economy is determined by the availability of freelance independent contractors in the workforce. We develop hypotheses and test them through an analysis of 75 countries from 2002 to 2012 using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database. We find freelance independent contractors promote entrepreneurial activity where typically a 10% rise in the freelance workforce causes about a 1% increase in entrepreneurial activity. The significance of this positive effect is robust for both necessity and opportunity-driven entrepreneurial types and across innovation-driven and efficiency-driven economies—but it is stronger in innovation-driven economies and also for necessity entrepreneurship. It implies that having a flexible workforce is a key ingredient to having an entrepreneurial economy. Furthermore, it indicates that orthodox research and public policy perspectives which overlook the importance of freelance independent contractors for entrepreneurship activity require a re-appraisal.

Vorheriger Artikel The relationship between freelance workforce intensity, business performance and job creation

Nächster Artikel Analyzing the changing education distributions of solo self-employed workers and employer entrepreneurs in Europe

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Titel: Do freelance independent contractors promote entrepreneurship?
verfasst von: Andrew Burke
Imran Zawwar
Stephanie Hussels
Publikationsdatum: 03.09.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Small Business Economics / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0921-898X
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0913
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00242-w

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