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Erschienen in:
The Dynamic Context and Multiple Challenges of Data Sharing Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Dobbs in a Technologized World: Implications for US Data Privacy

verfasst von : Jheel Gosain, Jason D. Keune, Michael S. Sinha

Erschienen in: The Law and Ethics of Data Sharing in Health Sciences

Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore

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Abstract

In June 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its opinion in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, overturning 50 years of precedent by eliminating the federal constitutional right to abortion care established by the Court’s 1973 decision in Roe v. Wade. The Dobbs decision leaves the decision about abortion services in the hands of the states, which created an immediately variegated checkerboard of access to women’s healthcare across the country. This, in turn, laid bare a profusion of privacy issues that emanate from our technologized world. Here, we review these privacy issues, including healthcare data, financial data, website tracking and social media. We then offer potential future legislative and regulatory pathways that balance privacy with law enforcement goals in women’s health and any domain that shares this structural feature.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Operationalizing the Use of Existing Data in Support of Biomedical Research and Innovation: An Inclusive and Sustainable Approach
Nächstes Kapitel Consent and Retrospective Data Collection
Fußnoten
1
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2023).
 
2
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2023). Worth noting that some Republicans want a federal ban on abortion, including U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC). See Graham (2022).
 
3
Guttmacher Institute (2023).
 
4
Texas Heartbeat Act (2021).
 
5
Kaste (2022).
 
6
Hill (2022); see also Harwell (2019); see also Prince (2023), p. 1085-1086 (describing the “reproductive health data ecosystem”).
 
7
Cohen (2022).
 
8
Bloomberg Law (2019) (“The regulatory framework is really trying to keep up with the technology,” said Geoffrey Starks, commissioner on the Federal Communications Commission); see also Theodos and Sittig (2020) p. 7 (“With no major updates in the last 20 years, HIPAA remains the preeminent comprehensive health information privacy law. HIPAA was written and passed in the late twentieth century when the health information environment was primarily paper based and before the explosion of digital health tools. Two decades later, the health information industry has transformed leaving substantial gaps between advancements in digital health and privacy laws”).
 
9
Cohen (2022).
 
10
Shachar (2022), p. 417; see also Prince (2023), pp. 1096-1097.
 
11
Theodos and Sittig, p. 3.
 
12
45 C.F.R. § 164.512(e)(1) (2022); see also Shachar (2022); see also Boodman et al. (2022).
 
13
Eshoo (2023).
 
14
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2022), The White House (2022).
 
15
Prince (2023), pp. 1081; see also Vergano et al. (2022) (“‘HIPAA doesn’t reach this whole other world of data that says a lot about your health, but isn’t found in a traditional medical record,’ [Carmel] Shachar said.”).
 
16
Gajda (2022).
 
17
Bloomberg Law (2023) (“The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), signed into law on June 28, 2018, creates an array of consumer privacy rights and business obligations with regard to the collection and sale of personal information. The CCPA went into effect Jan. 1. 2020. The California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), also known as Proposition 24, is a ballot measure that was approved by California voters on Nov. 3, 2020. It significantly amends and expands the CCPA, and it is sometimes referred to as ‘CCPA 2.0.’”). Four other states have passed GDPR-inspired laws taking effect in 2023: Colorado, Connecticut, Utah, and Virginia. See Bellamy (2023).
 
18
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996).
 
19
Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (2009).
 
20
Schieszer (2022).
 
21
Emerson (2020).
 
22
Li (2021); see also Nadrag (2021).
 
23
Tovino (2017), p. 974 (“Identified differences reflect the [HIPAA] Privacy Rule’s original, narrow focus on health industry participants and individually identifiable health information compared to the GDPR’s broad focus on data controllers and personal data.”).
 
24
Goldberg (2022). Other companies, like Apple, declined to allow remote work options for employees living in states that banned or restricted abortion access. See Harrington (2022).
 
25
Indeed, it has created conflicts in the past, and courts have sided with Christian employers seeking to decline coverage for certain health care services on religious grounds. See Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. (2014), (the U.S. Supreme Court sided in favor of Hobby Lobby, which declined to provide insurance coverage to contraception on religious grounds). See also Braidwood Management Inc. v. Becerra (2022) (the US District Court for the Northern District of Texas overturned a mandate to cover pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications for HIV prevention).
 
26
Moreno (2022).
 
27
Gottlieb et al. (2018), p. 619.
 
28
Maechler and Moser (2019).
 
29
This is true of many innovations but is particularly concerning in the realm of finance. See Catinas et al. (2019).
 
30
Vishwanat et al. (2016).
 
31
Gai et al. (2017).
 
32
Ablon et al. (2016).
 
33
Fingas (2023); see also Anderson (2022).
 
34
Auxier et al. (2019) (Just 9% of adults say they always read a company’s privacy policy before agreeing to the terms and conditions, while an additional 13% say they do this often. And additionally, 38% of Americans say they sometimes read these policies. There is also a segment of the population who forgo reading these policies altogether: More than a third of adults (36%) say they never read a privacy policy before agreeing to it.); see also Cakebread (2017) (A Deloitte survey of 2,000 consumers in the U.S found that 91% of people consent to legal terms and services conditions without reading).
 
35
Renduchintala (2022), p. 1.
 
36
Dorfleitner and Braun (2019), pp. 207–237.
 
37
Renduchintala (2022), p. 38.
 
38
Ng and Varner (2021).
 
39
Kelley (2022).
 
40
Ng (2022).
 
41
Ng (2022).
 
42
Ng (2022).
 
43
Elias (2022).
 
44
Elias (2022).
 
45
Elias (2022).
 
46
Duhigg (2012).
 
47
Duhigg (2012).
 
48
Duhigg (2012).
 
49
Duhigg (2012).
 
50
Hill (2012).
 
51
Hill (2012).
 
52
Hill (2012).
 
53
Prince (2022).
 
54
Sotomayor (2021).
 
55
Cox (2022).
 
56
Funk (2023).
 
57
Funk (2023).
 
58
Murphy (2013).
 
59
Habermas (2003).
 
60
Renaud and Shepherd (2018), p. 20.
 
Literatur
Braidwood Management Inc. v. Becerra (2022) 627 F. Supp. 3d 624 (N.D. Tex)
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores Inc (2014) 573 U.S. 682
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2023) 142 S. Ct. 2228
Dorfleitner D, Braun D (2019) Fintech, digitalization, and blockchain: possible applications for green finance, in the rise of green finance in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Gai K, Qiu M, Sun X, Zhao H (2017) Smart computing and communication. In: Lecture notes in computer science. Springer, Cham
Gottlieb JD, Shapiro AH, Dunn A (2018) The complexity of billing and paying for physician care. Health Aff 37(4):619–626CrossRef
Habermas J (2003) The future of human nature. Polity Press, Cambridge
Health information technology for economic and clinical health act of (2009) Pub Law 111–5
Health insurance portability and accountability act of (1996) Public Law 104:191
Li TC (2021) Privacy in pandemic: law, technology, and public health in the COVID-19 Crisis Loy. Univ Chicago L.J. 52(3):767–865
Murphy E (2013) The politics of privacy in the criminal justice system: Information disclosure, the Fourth Amendment, and statutory law enforcement exemptions. Michigan l Rev 111(4):485–546
Prince AER (2023) Reproductive health surveillance. Boston College L. Rev. 64(5):1077
Renaud K, Shepherd L (2018) GDPR: its time has come. Netw Secur 2018(2):20
Renduchintala T (2022) A survey of blockchain applications in the FinTech sector. J Open Innov: Technol Mark Comp 8(4):185
Shachar C (2022) HIPAA, privacy, and reproductive rights in a post-Roe era. J Am Med Ass’n 328(5):417–418CrossRef
Theodos K, Sittig S (2020) Health information privacy laws in the digital age: HIPAA doesn’t apply. Perspect Health Inf Manag 18(Winter):1l
Tovino SA (2017) The HIPAA privacy rule and the EU GDPR: illustrative comparisons. Seton Hall L Rev 47(4):973–993
Uses and disclosures for which an authorization or opportunity to agree or object is not required (2022) 45 C.F.R. § 164.512(e)(1)
Metadaten
Titel
Dobbs in a Technologized World: Implications for US Data Privacy
verfasst von
Jheel Gosain
Jason D. Keune
Michael S. Sinha
Copyright-Jahr
2024
Verlag
Springer Nature Singapore
Buch
The Law and Ethics of Data Sharing in Health Sciences

Print ISBN: 978-981-9965-39-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-9965-40-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2024

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6540-3_6