nach oben

Erschienen in:

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Electrolytic Conversion of CO₂ to Carbon Nanostructures

verfasst von : Sabrina Arcaro

Erschienen in: Nanomaterials for Eco-friendly Applications

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Different technologies are being developed to reduce emissions, and capture or store CO₂ emitted into the atmosphere. However, despite efforts, CO₂ capture methodologies continue to be a challenge to transform it into a stable, non-polluting product. In this context, the electrolytic conversion of CO₂ to carbon in molten salts has excellent possibilities for the production of large numbers of carbonaceous materials. Carbon nanostructures can be easily obtained by changing process parameters such as electrolytes, electrodes, and atmosphere. The final materials (carbon nanotubes, carbon spheres, carbon fibers) can have exceptional performance in energy conversion and storage, as well as electrocatalysis and merit future research.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel CNT Sponges for Environmental Applications

Nächstes Kapitel TiO2/CNT Nanocomposites for Water Splitting Applications

IPCC WG I (2013) Introduction. Clim Chang 2013 Phys Sci Basis Contrib Work Gr I to Fifth Assess Rep Intergov Panel Clim Chang 119–158. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415324.007

Ren J, Licht S (2016) Tracking airborne CO₂ mitigation and low cost transformation into valuable carbon nanotubes. Sci Rep 6:27760. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27760CrossRef

Lewis NS (2016) Aspects of science and technology in support of legal and policy frameworks associated with a global carbon emissions-control regime. Energy Environ Sci 9:2172–2176. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00272bCrossRef

McNutt M (2015) Climate warning, 50 years later. Science 350(80):721. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad7927CrossRef

Chery D et al (2016) Mechanistic approach of the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ into CO at a gold electrode in molten carbonates by cyclic voltammetry. Int J Hydrogen Energy 41:18706–18712. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2016.06.094CrossRef

Chandler HW Oser W (1962) Study of electrolytic reduction of carbon dioxide. ISOMET Corporation, Oakland NJ

Ingram MD et al (1966) The electrolytic deposition of carbon from fused carbonates. Electrochim Acta 11:1629–1639. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(66)80076-2CrossRef

Delimarskii YK et al (1971) Constancy of the electrochemical impedance phase in molten salt cells. Theor Exp Chem 4:355–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00524135CrossRef

Massot L et al (2002) Electrodeposition of carbon films from molten alkaline fluoride media. Electrochim Acta 47:1949–1957. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00047-6CrossRef

10.

Licht S (2011) Efficient solar-driven synthesis, carbon capture, and desalinization, STEP: solar thermal electrochemical production of fuels, metals, bleach. Adv Mater 23:5592–5612. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201103198CrossRef

11.

Yin H et al (2013) Capture and electrochemical conversion of CO₂ to value-added carbon and oxygen by molten salt electrolysis. Energy Environ Sci 6:1538–1545. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee24132gCrossRef

12.

Tang D et al (2013) Effects of applied voltage and temperature on the electrochemical production of carbon powders from CO₂ in molten salt with an inert anode. Electrochim Acta 114:567–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.109CrossRef

13.

Ijije HV et al (2014) Carbon electrodeposition in molten salts: Electrode reactions and applications. RSC Adv 4:35808–35817. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra04629cCrossRef

14.

Kawamura H, Ito Y (2000) Electrodeposition of cohesive carbon films on aluminum in a LiCl-KCl-K₂CO₃ melt. J Appl Electrochem 30:571–574. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003927100308CrossRef

15.

Le Van K et al (2009) Electrochemical formation of carbon nano-powders with various porosities in molten alkali carbonates. Electrochim Acta 54:4566–4573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.03.049CrossRef

16.

Delimarskii YK (1985) Some peculiarities of the electrolysis of ionic melts. Electrochim Acta 30:1007–1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(85)80164-XCrossRef

17.

Novoselova IA et al (2003) High temperature electrochemical synthesis of carbon-containing inorganic compounds under excessive carbon dioxide pressure. J Min Met 39:281–293CrossRef

18.

Novoselova IA et al (2007) Electrolytic production of carbon nano-tubes in chloride-oxide melts under carbon dioxide pressure. Hydrogen materials science and chemistry of carbon nanomaterials. Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp 459–465CrossRef

19.

Novoselova IA et al (2008) Electrolytic generation of nano-scale carbon phases with framework structures in molten salts on metal cathodes. Zeitschrift für Naturforsch A 63:467–474. https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNA-2008-7-814CrossRef

20.

Kaplan B et al (2002) Synthesis and structural characterization of carbon powder by electrolytic reduction of molten Li₂CO₃-Na₂CO₃-K₂CO₃. J Electrochem Soc 149:D72. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1464884CrossRef

21.

Deanhardt ML et al (1986) Thermal decomposition and reduction of carbonate ion in fluoride melts. J Electrochem Soc 133:1148. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2108802CrossRef

22.

Delimarskii YK et al (1964) Cathode liberation of carbon from molten carbonates Дoклaды Aкaдeмии нayк CCCP. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 156:650–651

23.

Lorenz PK, Janz GJ (1970) Electrolysis of molten carbonates: anodic and cathodic gas-evolving reactions. Electrochim Acta 15:1025–1035. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(70)80042-1CrossRef

24.

Wu H et al (2017) Effect of molten carbonate composition on the generation of carbon material. RSC Adv 7:8467–8473. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA25229JCrossRef

25.

Li Z et al (2018) A novel route to synthesize carbon spheres and carbon nanotubes from carbon dioxide in a molten carbonate electrolyzer. Inorg Chem Front 5:208–216. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7qi00479fCrossRef

26.

Kanai Y et al (2013) Mass transfer in molten salt and suspended molten salt in bubble column. Chem Eng Sci 100:153–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CES.2012.11.029CrossRef

27.

Shi Z et al (2016) Solubility of carbon dioxide in LiF-Li₂CO₃ molten salt system. J Chem Eng Data 61:3020–3026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.6b00043CrossRef

28.

Wu H et al (2017) Effect of molten carbonate composition on the generation of carbon material. RSC Adv 7:8467–8473. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA25229JCrossRef

29.

Li Z et al (2018) Carbon dioxide electrolysis and carbon deposition in alkaline-earth-carbonate-included molten salts electrolyzer. New J Chem 42:15663–15670. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NJ02965BCrossRef

30.

Deng B et al (2016) Molten salt CO₂ capture and electro-transformation (MSCC-ET) into capacitive carbon at medium temperature: effect of the electrolyte composition. Faraday Discuss 190:241–258. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5FD00234FCrossRef

31.

Gao M et al (2019) Enhanced kinetics of CO₂ electro-reduction on a hollow gas bubbling electrode in molten ternary carbonates. Electrochem Commun 100:81–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ELECOM.2019.01.026CrossRef

32.

Licht S et al (2010) A new solar carbon capture process: solar thermal electrochemical photo (STEP) carbon capture. J Phys Chem Lett 1:2363–2368. https://doi.org/10.1021/jz100829sCrossRef

33.

Kaplan V et al (2010) Conversion of CO₂ to CO by electrolysis of molten lithium carbonate. J Electrochem Soc 157:B552. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3308596CrossRef

34.

Chen G et al (2010) Research on electro-deposition of carbon from LiF-NaF-Na₂CO₃ molten salt system. In: 2010 World non-grid-connected wind power and energy conference. IEEE, pp 1–3

35.

Janz GJ, Conte A (1964) Potentiostatic polarization studies in fused carbonates—I. The noble metals, silver and nickel. Electrochim Acta 9:1269–1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(64)87003-1CrossRef

36.

Ijije HV et al (2014) Indirect electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon nanopowders in molten alkali carbonates: process variables and product properties. Carbon 73:163–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.02.052CrossRef

37.

Ijije HV et al (2014) Electro-deposition and re-oxidation of carbon in carbonate-containing molten salts. Faraday Discuss 172:105–116. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4FD00046CCrossRef

38.

Kamali AR et al (2011) Effect of the graphite electrode material on the characteristics of molten salt electrolytically produced carbon nanomaterials. Mater Charact 62:987–994. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2011.06.010CrossRef

39.

Song Q et al (2012) Electrochemical deposition of carbon films on titanium in molten LiCl–KCl–K₂CO₃. Thin Solid Films 520:6856–6863. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TSF.2012.07.056CrossRef

40.

Licht S et al (2016) Carbon nanotubes produced from ambient carbon dioxide for environmentally sustainable lithium-ion and sodium-ion battery anodes. ACS Cent Sci 2:162–168. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00400CrossRef

41.

Ren J et al (2015) One-pot synthesis of carbon nanofibers from CO₂. Nano Lett 15:6142–6148. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02427CrossRef

42.

Grüneis A et al (2006) High quality double wall carbon nanotubes with a defined diameter distribution by chemical vapor deposition from alcohol. Carbon 44:3177–3182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2006.07.003CrossRef

43.

Wang Yao et al (2002) The large-scale production of carbon nanotubes in a nano-agglomerate fluidized-bed reactor. Chem Phys Lett 364:568–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00244-0CrossRef

44.

Zampiva RYS et al (2017) 3D CNT macrostructure synthesis catalyzed by MgFe₂O₄ nanoparticles—a study of surface area and spinel inversion influence. Appl Surf Sci 422:321–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.020CrossRef

45.

Douglas A et al (2017) Iron catalyzed growth of crystalline multi-walled carbon nanotubes from ambient carbon dioxide mediated by molten carbonates. Carbon 116:572–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CARBON.2017.02.032CrossRef

46.

Douglas A et al (2018) Toward small-diameter carbon nanotubes synthesized from captured carbon dioxide: critical role of catalyst coarsening. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b02834CrossRef

47.

Arcaro S et al (2018) MWCNTs produced by electrolysis of molten carbonate: characteristics of the cathodic products grown on galvanized steel and nickel chrome electrodes. Appl Surf Sci 466:367–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.10.055CrossRef

48.

Bartlett HE, Johnson KE (1967) Electrochemical studies in molten Li₂CO₃-Na₂CO₃. J Electrochem Soc 114:457. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2426627CrossRef

49.

Groult H et al (2003) Lithium insertion into carbonaceous anode materials prepared by electrolysis of molten Li-K-Na carbonates. J Electrochem Soc 150:G67. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1531490CrossRef

50.

Groult H et al (2006) Preparation of carbon nanoparticles from electrolysis of molten carbonates and use as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Solid State Ionics 177:869–875. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSI.2006.01.051CrossRef

51.

Chen Z et al (2017) Enhanced electrocatalysis performance of amorphous electrolytic carbon from CO₂ for oxygen reduction by surface modification in molten salt. Electrochim Acta 253:248–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2017.09.053CrossRef

52.

Mao X et al (2017) Characterization and adsorption properties of the electrolytic carbon derived from CO₂ conversion in molten salts. Carbon 111:162–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CARBON.2016.09.035CrossRef

53.

Yin H et al (2013) Capture and electrochemical conversion of CO₂ to value-added carbon and oxygen by molten salt electrolysis. Energy Environ Sci 6:1538. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee24132gCrossRef

54.

MWCNT | Sigma-Aldrich. https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search?term=MWCNT&interface=All&N=0&mode=matchpartialmax&lang=pt&region=BR&focus=product. Accessed 6 Jun 2018

55.

Ren J, et al. (2017) Transformation of the greenhouse gas CO₂ by molten electrolysis into a wide controlled selection of carbon nanotubes. J CO₂ Util 18:335–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2017.02.005CrossRef

56.

57.

Paraknowitsch JP, Thomas A (2013) Doping carbons beyond nitrogen: an overview of advanced heteroatom doped carbons with boron, sulphur and phosphorus for energy applications. Energy Environ Sci 6:2839. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee41444bCrossRef

58.

Guo D et al (2016) Active sites of nitrogen-doped carbon materials for oxygen reduction reaction clarified using model catalysts. Science 351(80):361–365. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad0832CrossRef

59.

Wang Z et al (2013) Functionalized N-doped interconnected carbon nanofibers as an anode material for sodium-ion storage with excellent performance. Carbon 55:328–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.12.072CrossRef

60.

Deng Y et al (2016) Review on recent advances in nitrogen-doped carbons: preparations and applications in supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 4:1144–1173. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA08620ECrossRef

61.

Patel MA et al (2016) P-doped porous carbon as metal free catalysts for selective aerobic oxidation with an unexpected mechanism. ACS Nano 10:2305–2315. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b07054CrossRef

62.

Maciel IO et al (2009) Synthesis, electronic structure, and raman scattering of phosphorus-doped single-wall carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 9:2267–2272. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl9004207CrossRef

Titel: Electrolytic Conversion of CO2 to Carbon Nanostructures
verfasst von: Sabrina Arcaro
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Nanomaterials for Eco-friendly Applications
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-26809-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-26810-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26810-7_2

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht