Electrooculography: A Proposed Methodology for Sensing Human Eye Movement

Bioelectric signals are emanations from living biological systems and have their origin in various electrical potentials in cells. In this context, electrooculography (EOG) is defined as a specific biopotential is generated by the eye and eyelids’ muscular movement. Here, we are dedicated to developing a methodology and an appropriate environment to detect the human eye’s movement by acquiring bioelectric signals. The study was conducted in 40 healthy individuals using the 4/5 configuration consisting of four main electrodes and an additional fifth reference electrode. The methodology is following standards and guidelines for data acquisition of ECG signals. During the acquisition, the volunteer remains seated and with his head comfortably sustained on a support of a tailored Ganzfeld box. On the back wall of the box were fixed five light-emitting devices (LEDs) in the form of a plus sign symbol positioned at a distance opposed and at the center. The LEDs were turned-on or turned-off according to a pre-established sequence protocol synchronized with data acquisition while the volunteer performed eye movements. As a result, were obtained 18 samples of EOG signals per subject of 60 s. A dedicated algorithm was used to separate the data by group according to the established methodology.