50. Energy Efficiency of Renewables to Cover Energy Demands of Petrol Station Buildings

Petrol stations are an important infrastructure that support the development of the transportation industry. This paper focuses on the analysis of the energy efficiency of renewables to cover energy demands for space heating and cooling of petrol station buildings, in Central Europe climate. The analysis was performed as a case study on a typical petrol station building located in urban area. Due to cold climate conditions and quite high surface area-to-volume ratio, the passive building standard of the building envelope was introduced. The study has been focused on the comparison of energy efficiency of the typical gas station building with two different variants of energy source for heating, cooling, and water heating—typical one and sustainable one. The typical solution includes the condenser gas boiler for heating and water heating modes, and the air-source heat pump for cooling mode. In the sustainable variant, a reversible air-source heat pump solution has been proposed that allows for space heating and cooling as well as for the preparation of hot water all year round. In this variant, four refrigerants (R600a, R290, R1234ze, and R134a) were taken into consideration. As a result of the conducted analyzes, a high efficiency of the energy source in the form of the reversible air-source heat pump was found. The use of the air-source heat pump allows for a significant reduction of the annual final energy demands in the analyzed petrol station building compared to the use of a traditional gas heat source.