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2015 | Buch

A Future for Agent Programming Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Engineering Multi-Agent Systems

Third International Workshop, EMAS 2015, Istanbul, Turkey, May 5, 2015, Revised, Selected, and Invited Papers

herausgegeben von: Matteo Baldoni, Luciano Baresi, Mehdi Dastani

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems, EMAS 2015, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in May 2015. The 10 full papers, presented with two invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 submissions. The focus of the papers is on the topics such as: programming frameworks, languages, models and abstractions for MAS; formal methods and declarative technologies for specification, verification and engineering of MAS; MAS software engineering methodologies and techniques, and development concerns; interoperability and integration; tools and testbeds; MAS techniques; and empirical studies and (industrial) experience reports.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Invited Papers

Frontmatter
A Future for Agent Programming
Abstract
There has been considerable progress in both the theory and practice of agent programming since Georgeff & Rao’s seminal work on the Belief-Desire-Intention paradigm. However, despite increasing interest in the development of autonomous systems, applications of agent programming are confined to a small number of niche areas, and adoption of agent programming languages in mainstream software development remains limited. This state of affairs is widely acknowledged within the community, and a number of remedies have been proposed. In this paper, I will offer one more. Starting from the class of problems agent programming sets out to solve, I will argue that a combination of Moore’s Law and advances elsewhere in AI, mean that key assumptions underlying the design of many BDI-based agent programming languages no longer hold. As a result, we are now in a position where we can rethink the foundations of BDI programming languages, and address some of the key challenges in agent development that have been largely ignored for the last twenty years. By doing so, I believe we can create theories and languages that are much more powerful and easy to use, and significantly broaden the impact of the work we do.
Brian Logan
Towards Agent Aggregates: Perspectives and Challenges
Abstract
Recent works in the context of self-organisation foster the idea of engineering large-scale situated systems by taking an aggregate stance: system design and development are better conducted by abstracting away from individuals’ details, rather directly engineering (designing, programming, verifying) the overall system behaviour, as if it were executed on top of a single, continuous-like machine. As a consequence, concerns like interaction protocols, self-organisation, adaptation, and large-scaleness, get automatically hidden “under the hood” of the platform supporting aggregate computing, with notable advantages in raising the abstraction level and scaling with behaviour complexity. This paper provides an initial exploration of potentials and challenges of using aggregate computing techniques in the context of multi-agent systems, considering impact on large-scale reactive MASs, environment engineering and its cognitive exploitation, and on collective team-work by the notion of aggregate plan.
Mirko Viroli, Alessandro Ricci

Contributed Papers

Frontmatter
Designing a Knowledge Representation Interface for Cognitive Agents
Abstract
The design of cognitive agents involves a knowledge representation (KR) to formally represent and manipulate information relevant for that agent. In practice, agent programming frameworks are dedicated to a specific KR, limiting the use of other possible ones. In this paper we address the issue of creating a flexible choice for agent programmers regarding the technology they want to use. We propose a generic interface, that provides an easy choice of KR for cognitive agents. Our proposal is governed by a number of design principles, an analysis of functional requirements that cognitive agents pose towards a KR, and the identification of various features provided by KR technologies that the interface should capture. We provide two use-cases of the interface by describing its implementation for Prolog and OWL with rules.
Timea Bagosi, Joachim de Greeff, Koen V. Hindriks, Mark A. Neerincx
A Probabilistic BPMN Normal Form to Model and Advise Human Activities
Abstract
Agent-based technologies, originally proposed with the aim of assisting human activities, have been recently adopted in industry for automating business processes. Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a standard notation for modeling business processes, that provides a rich graphical representation that can be used for common understanding of processes but also for automation purposes. We propose a normal form of Business Process Diagrams based on Activity Theory that can be transformed to a Causal Bayesian Network, which in turn can be used to model the behavior of activity participants and assess human decision through user agents. We illustrate our approach on an Elderly health care scenario obtained from an actual contextual study.
Hector G. Ceballos, Victor Flores-Solorio, Juan Pablo Garcia
ACE: A Flexible Environment for Complex Event Processing in Logical Agents
Abstract
In this paper we propose the general software engineering approach of transforming an agent into an Agent Computational Environment (ACE) composed of: (1) the “main” agent program; (2) a number of Event-Action modules for Complex Event Processing, including generation of complex actions; (3) a number of external contexts that the agent is able to access in order to gather information. In our view an ACE is composed of heterogeneous elements: therefore, we do not make assumptions about how the various components are defined, except that they are based upon Computational Logic. In order to show a concrete instance of ACE, we discuss an experiment based upon the DALI agent-oriented programming language and Answer Set Programming (ASP).
Stefania Costantini
A Testbed for Agent Oriented Smart Grid Implementation
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a platform for helping agent researchers to become familiar with Smart Grids. Agent technology has been recognised as one of the enablers for Smart Grids. A Smart Grid intends to make an advanced use of available metering and generation capabilities in order to use more efficiently the electricity. Contributions of agent resea1rchers to this domain are still reduced and this may be because of the highly specialised knowledge that is required to run current Smart Grid simulators and the cost of commercial ones. This paper aims to share the experience acquired during a project where distributed control approaches were devised using open source solutions. An important result is a simulator for Smart Grids that facilitates the research of how agents can operate such grids. This paper introduces an example case study and discusses how agents can be applied in these situations.
Jorge J. Gomez-Sanz, Nuria Cuartero-Soler, Sandra Garcia-Rodriguez
Quantitative Analysis of Multiagent Systems Through Statistical Model Checking
Abstract
Due to their immense complexity, large-scale multiagent systems are often unamenable to exhaustive formal verification. Statistical approaches that focus on the verification of individual traces can provide an interesting alternative. However, due to its focus on finite execution paths, trace-based verification is inherently limited to certain types of correctness properties. We show how, by combining sampling with the idea of trace fragmentation, statistical model checking can be used to answer interesting quantitative correctness properties about multiagent systems on different observational levels. We illustrate the idea with a simple case study from the area of swarm robotics.
Benjamin Herd, Simon Miles, Peter McBurney, Michael Luck
Semantic Mutation Testing for Multi-agent Systems
Abstract
This paper introduces semantic mutation testing (SMT) into multi-agent systems. SMT is a test assessment technique that makes changes to the interpretation of a program and then examines whether a given test set has the ability to detect each change to the original interpretation. These changes represent possible misunderstandings of how the program is interpreted. SMT can also be used to assess robustness to and reliability of semantic changes. This paper applies SMT to three rule-based agent programming languages, namely Jason, GOAL and 2APL, provides several contexts in which SMT for these languages is useful, and proposes three sets of semantic mutation operators (i.e., rules to make semantic changes) for these languages respectively, and a systematic approach to derivation of semantic mutation operators for rule-based agent languages. This paper then shows, through preliminary evaluation of our semantic mutation operators for Jason, that SMT has some potential to assess tests, robustness to and reliability of semantic changes.
Zhan Huang, Rob Alexander
A Formal Description of a Mapping from Business Processes to Agents
Abstract
Having many notions in common with multi-agent systems, business processes are well suited for modelling agents and their interrelations. However, often vague semantics and structural differences make a mapping from business processes to multi-agent systems difficult. In this paper, we formally describe a mapping from business process models to multi-agent systems that can be applied to different agent frameworks and languages. Using the same mapping, we created three semantically equivalent and interoperable implementations suiting different areas of application.
Tobias Küster, Marco Lützenberger, Sahin Albayrak
Validating Requirements Using Gaia Roles Models
Abstract
This paper presents a method that aims at assisting an engineer in transforming agent roles models to a process model. Thus, the software engineer can employ available tools to validate specific properties of the modeled system before its final implementation. The method includes a tool for aiding the engineer in the transformation process. This tool uses a recursive algorithm for automating the transformation process and guides the user to dynamically integrate two or more agent roles in a process model with multiple pools. The tool usage is demonstrated through a running example, based on a real world project. Simulations of the defined agent roles can be used to (a) validate the system requirements and (b) determine how it could scale. This way, engineers, analysts and managers can configure the processes’ parameters and identify and resolve risks early in their project.
Nektarios Mitakidis, Pavlos Delias, Nikolaos Spanoudakis
Programming Mirror Worlds: An Agent-Oriented Programming Perspective
Abstract
The impressive development of technologies is reducing the gulf between the physical and the digital matter, reality and virtuality. Mirror worlds (MW) are agent-based systems that live on this edge. They are meant to be a conceptual blueprint for designing future smart environment systems, providing an innovative conceptual framework for investigating inter-disciplinary aspects – from cognition to interaction, cooperation, governance – concerning human-agent mixed-reality and augmented systems. In this paper we focus on the problem of how to concretely design and program mirror worlds, in particular adopting high-level programming abstractions that are provided by state-of-the-art agent-oriented programming models and technologies.
Alessandro Ricci, Angelo Croatti, Pietro Brunetti, Mirko Viroli
Evaluating Different Concurrency Configurations for Executing Multi-Agent Systems
Abstract
Reactiveness and performance are important features of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and the underlying concurrency model can have a direct impact on them. In multicore programming it is interesting to exploit all the computer cores in order to improve these desirable features. In this paper we perform an experiment to evaluate different concurrency configurations that can be adopted to run an MAS and analyse the effect caused by each configuration on variables like deliberation time and response time. As a result, we identify the advantages and disadvantages for each configuration allowing thus an MAS developer to choose a suitable configuration depending upon the priorities of the application.
Maicon R. Zatelli, Alessandro Ricci, Jomi F. Hübner
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Engineering Multi-Agent Systems
herausgegeben von
Matteo Baldoni
Luciano Baresi
Mehdi Dastani
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-26184-3
Print ISBN
978-3-319-26183-6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26184-3

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