18. Evaluation of Groundwater Contamination Due to Solid Waste Management

It is essential to monitor the quality of the groundwater since it is a vital resource utilised to satisfy the demands of various sectors, including agricultural, industrial, and residential. Due to the leachates, solid waste disposal also has an impact on the quality of surface and groundwater in addition to overusing groundwater. The study’s goal is to comprehend how the disposal of solid waste causes land and groundwater to become contaminated. Around urban areas, enormous amounts of solid trash are deposited. This municipal solid waste, which is commonly referred to as “garbage”, is a natural by-product of anthropological activity and is dumped. The most typical way of disposing of solid waste is landfilling. The garbage collection facilities are open dumpsites because they have cheap running expenses and no equipment or knowledge to provide leachate collection systems. Dumping in the open is unattractive, unhealthy, and generally unpleasant. They draw pigs, rodents, insects, scavenger animals, and other pests. Hazardous chemicals that are dissolved or leached out of dumpsites by surface or subsurface runoff can be moved away from the dumpsites by surface or subsurface water percolating through the rubbish. Heavy metals are among these substances that are particularly pernicious and can cause bioaccumulation and biomagnifications. If the leachate migrates into groundwater, these heavy metals could pose a threat to the environment. The groundwater is at risk of contamination due to bore wells that are present at dump sites. The results of this study showed that poor solid waste management has a significant impact on a region’s groundwater system.