Extraction, Composition Analysis and Blood Lipid Lowering Activity of Rana chensinensis Ovum Oil

Objective: Rana chensinensis ovum is one of the main by-products of Rana chensinensis oil, which has a large annual output but has not been fully utilized. Research shows that it contains a variety of bioactive substances that are beneficial to human health. Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to explore its effective components, pharmacological activities and reveal its medicinal and health care value. Methods: In this study, RCOO was extracted by supercritical CO₂ extraction, and the extraction conditions were optimized to improve oil yield. The composition of RCOO was analyzed by GC/MS. At the same time, the RCOO obtained by extraction was used to intervene in the hyperlipidemia rat model to verify its blood lipid-lowering effect. The hyperlipidemia model rats were established by feeding high-fat diet for 28 days, and the rats were treated by gavage with RCOO for 42 days (with simvastatin as the control). Results: Under the optimum extraction conditions (extraction temperature 32 °C, extraction time 2 h, extraction pressure 25 MPa, particle size 40 mesh), the oil yield of RCOO was 15.39%. The experimental results of the rat model of hyperlipidemia showed that RCOO can effectively reduce contents of triglyceride (31.9%), total cholesterol (35.1%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (78%) in the serum of hyperlipidemic rats, and its effect is similar to that of the lipid-lowering drug simvastatin. Conclusion: This study provides a new idea for the efficient extraction of RCOO, as well as a new reference for the development of blood lipid-lowering products.