Field Investigations

For most engineering projects in seasonal and permafrost areas, detailed information on subsurface conditions is required for design and construction purposes if structures and facilities are to perform satisfactorily (Johnston, 1963c; Linell and Johnston, 1973). Determination of the type, distribution, properties, and behavior of frozen foundation materials is essential. Sampling of the materials (soil or rock) for examination and testing in the field and the laboratory will be an important part of field investigation programs. Valuable information can also be obtained at the site using in situ test methods and geophysical techniques.