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Erschienen in:
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production: Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Fuel Cells (SOFC): Alternative Approaches (Electrolytes, Electrodes, Fuels)

verfasst von : K. Sasaki, Y. Nojiri, Y. Shiratori, S. Taniguchi

Erschienen in: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production

Verlag: Springer New York

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Anode
Electrode for electrochemical oxidation reactions. In solid oxide fuel cells, hydrogen-containing fuels are oxidized by oxygen ions transported through an electrolyte to form water vapor or CO2 as the reaction products at this electrode. SOFC anodes may also act as fuel reforming catalysts when hydrocarbon-based fuels are supplied to the anodes.
Cathode
Electrode for electrochemical reduction reactions. In solid oxide fuel cells, oxygen in ambient air is reduced to oxygen ions at this electrode.
Electrolyte
Ionic conductor with negligible electronic conductivity, used as a membrane between an oxidation atmosphere and a reduction atmosphere. The essential material to construct electrochemical devices including fuel cells.
Fuel flexibility
While low-temperature fuel cells (such as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells) typically use pure hydrogen gas (or hydrogen gas mixed with CO2) as the fuel, high-temperature fuel cells can directly use various kinds of fuels, such as carbon monoxide (CO), which is created by reforming hydrocarbons at the anode to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Impurity poisoning
Even though high-temperature fuel cells have good fuel flexibility with various kinds of fuels, some minor constituents (impurities) coming from, for example, low-purity fuels, raw materials, and system components can also react with electrode materials or can be adsorbed on the electrode reaction sites, hindering electrode reactions. Such poisoning phenomena can lead to fuel cell performance degradation with time.
Mixed ionic electronic conductor
Materials with both high ionic conductivity and high electronic conductivity. Such materials are often attractive for electrodes because of extension of electrochemical reaction sites beyond electrode/electrolyte interface.
Oxygen ionic conductor
Materials with high oxygen ionic conductivity. Oxides with both high oxygen vacancy (or other charge carrier such as interstitial oxygen atoms) concentration and high oxygen mobility exhibit high ionic conductivities.
Protonic conductor
Materials with high protonic conductivity. In the presence of oxygen vacancies, water vapor may be dissolved into oxides forming protons and exhibiting high protonic conductivity.
…

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Vorheriges Kapitel Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Nächstes Kapitel Direct Hydrocarbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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Metadaten
Titel
Fuel Cells (SOFC): Alternative Approaches (Electrolytes, Electrodes, Fuels)
verfasst von
K. Sasaki
Y. Nojiri
Y. Shiratori
S. Taniguchi
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer New York
Buch
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production

Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7788-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4939-7789-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7789-5_138