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Erschienen in:
Introduction to Automated Driving Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

16. Functional Safety of Automated Driving Systems: Does ISO 26262 Meet the Challenges?

verfasst von : Helmut Martin, Kurt Tschabuschnig, Olof Bridal, Daniel Watzenig

Erschienen in: Automated Driving

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Today’s innovative automated driving systems (ADS) functions are realised by highly interconnected and networking cyber-physical systems based on existing automated driving assistance systems (ADAS). These interconnections increase the complexity of so-called systems of systems, because automation requires information and interaction with its environment. All possible interactions must be known for the definition of the intended system behaviour in order to identify any malfunctions of ADS, which may propagate over the system boundaries and influence other systems to fail in a harmful way. Hidden links are able to affect unwanted operational system states so that they cannot be perceived as failure modes. For that reason, functional safety is an important topic for reduction of safety-critical risk to cause failures in complex automotive systems.
The chapter presented discusses the application of the automotive functional safety standard ISO 26262 in context of ADS. The following main topics are highlighted: Complexity of automated driving systems, issues concerning availability and reliability, importance of the concept phase and the role of the driver. Furthermore, proposals are made on how to handle these challenges and for feasible enhancements of the current ISO 26262 standard. Existing and promising methods are discussed that deal with the increasing complexity for the development of future ADS.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Active Safety Towards Highly Automated Driving
Nächstes Kapitel The New Role of Road Testing for the Safety Validation of Automated Vehicles
Fußnoten
1
Knight Industries, 2000.
 
2
Germany Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt)—http://​www.​bast.​de.
 
3
US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)—http://​www.​nhtsa.​gov/​.
 
4
Emergency Brake Assist.
 
5
Lane Keeping Assist.
 
6
Original equipment manufacturer.
 
7
Car-to-x means a communication between the car and any other external system, e.g. other cars C2C or the infrastructure C2I.
 
8
Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee—http://​avstop.​com/​legal/​2.​htm.
 
9
For example, Austrian Federal Act—Governing the Liability for Defective Product/Product Liability [7]: §5. (1) A product §5. (1) A product shall be deemed defective if it does not provide the safety which, taking all circumstances into account, may be reasonably expected, in particular with respect to: (1) the presentation of the product, (2) the use to which it can reasonably be expected that the product would be put and (3) the time when the product was put into circulation.
 
10
An item is a system or array of systems for implementing a function at vehicle level, to which ISO 26262 is applied.
 
12
See also ‘dependability’—umbrella term to describe different quality attributes of a system.
 
13
Emergent entities (properties or substances) ‘arise’ out of more fundamental entities and yet are ‘novel’ or ‘irreducible’ with respect to them [13].
 
14
Hazard and operability study.
 
15
Failure mode and effects analysis.
 
16
Depending on the classification as S and/or E.
 
17
Time span in which fault(s) can occur in a system before a hazardous event ([2], Part 3, 1.45).
 
18
Amount of time in which a safety mechanism takes online diagnostic tests ([2], Part 3, 1.26).
 
19
Time span between detecting a fault and reaching the safe state ([2], Part 3, 1.44).
 
20
Amount of time between achieving the safe state before a hazard could occur.
 
22
Modelling and Analysis of Real Time and Embedded systems—http://​www.​omgmarte.​org/​.
 
23
Electronics Architecture and Software Technology—Architecture Description Language—http://​www.​east-adl.​info/​.
 
24
A method is a set of related activities, techniques, conventions, representations, and artefacts that implement one or more processes and is generally supported by a set of tools.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Functional Safety of Automated Driving Systems: Does ISO 26262 Meet the Challenges?
verfasst von
Helmut Martin
Kurt Tschabuschnig
Olof Bridal
Daniel Watzenig
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Buch
Automated Driving

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-31893-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-31895-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31895-0_16

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