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2023 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Gas Lighting for the Crown: An Analysis of the Use of Gas Lighting in the Festivities to Commemorate the Bonaparte and Bourbon Dynasties in Paris (France) and Madrid (Spain)

verfasst von : Antonio Rafael Fernández-Paradas, Nuria Rodríguez-Martín

Erschienen in: The Gas Sector in Latin Europe’s Industrial History

Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland

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Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to explore and to compare the use of gas lighting into two capital cities, Paris (France) and Madrid (Spain), as part of the festivities to enhance two dynasties, the Bonaparte and Bourbon, respectively. In the case of Paris, we focus on the feast of Saint-Napoléon, on 15 August, adopted as a bank holiday by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. As for Madrid, we intend to analyse the use of gas lighting in the palaces and other representative buildings and city spaces on the occasion of the end of the Third Carlist War (1872–1876), and the triumphal entry of the young King Alfonso XII into the village on March 20, 1876. We will argue that this use of the gas lighting served not only to reinforce the political power, but also to link the monarchs to the urban prestige as well.

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Vorheriges Kapitel First Steps of Industrial Associationism in Latin Europe’s Gas Sector: The Société Française de L’industrie du Gaz

Nächstes Kapitel Entrepreneurial Initiatives, Foreign Investment and Marketing in the Implementation of Gas Services in the Portuguese Cities of Lisbon and Porto During the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

The Carlist Wars were three civil wars that took place in Spain during the nineteenth century between the supporters of absolutism and those of liberalism. The first began in 1833 between the followers of the absolutist pretender to the Spanish throne, Carlos María Isidro (hence the name of the wars) and those of his niece, queen Isabel II, the eldest daughter of King Fernando VII and the mother of Alfonso XII.

After the dethroning of Isabel II in 1868, the Italian Saboya dynasty was established on the Spanish throne through King Amadeo I, who reigned from 2 January 1871 to 11 February 1873.

Decree of 16 February 1852 of Louis-Napoléon, published in the Gazette nationale ou le Moniteur Universel of 17 February 1852.

For example, the Arc de Triomphe was lit by electrical lamps. L’Illustration, Journal Universel, 7 August 1852.

In the issue of L’Illustration of 13 August 1853, the section “Histoire de la semaine” reports that “the festival of 15 August, whose decoration is prepared with a prodigious luxury in the Champs Elysées and the Champ de Mars; […]”.

Gazette nationale ou le Moniteur universel, 16 August 1853, p. 2 [in French in the original].

Another example worth highlighting is the Place de la Concorde, where the obelisk, the two fountains, the two candelabras, the columns, the balustrades of the former moats were adorned with attributes, flowers, and lighting devices for the night and lighted arches surrounded the square (L’Illustration. Journal Universel, 21 August 1852).

The delay was the result of different factors, including the deficient industrial infrastructures, the technological backwardness, the scarcity of raw materials, and, in short, the fact that Spain was an economically and socially backward country. We should also bear in mind the bloody war against Napoleon (1808–1814), the effects of which were highly negative for the demography and economy of Spain.

La Correspondencia de España, 15 November 1862.

El Imparcial, 19 March 1876.

Gaceta de Madrid, 15 March 1876. Non-official part. The bullfights formed part of the institutional acts.

Gaceta de Madrid, 19 March 1876.

At the end of the day on 20 March, the day of the triumphal entrance, there was a fireworks display on the hill leading up to the Madrid Park, between the Dos de Mayo square and the Paintings Museum. Gaceta de Madrid, 21 March 1876.

On 23 March, when the official festivities had finished, in the evening a large music festival was held in the Abrantes Palace, organised by Manuel María Santana, the owner of the newspaper La Correspondencia de España, titled El trabajo al Rey. “It was attended by beautiful and aristocratic ladies, distinguished artists, representatives from science, the arts, industry, work and honour”. La Ilustración Española y Americana, 30 March 1876, p. 235.

Gaceta de Madrid, 16 March 1876.

“The illumination of the palace of the Marquis of Alcañices will be as magnificent as on other occasions, but with variations, given that the parapets between the balconies will be decorated with fleur-de-lys”. Diario de las familias de avisos y noticias de Madrid, Tuesday 21 March 1876.

Gaceta de Madrid, 19 March 1876. Non-official part.

La Ilustración Española y Americana, 15 March 1876.

Some had combined electric and gas lighting.

El Imparcial, 19 March 1876.

Diario de las Familias de Aviso y Noticias, 18 March 1876.

Diario de las Familias de Aviso y Noticias de Madrid, 21 March 1876.

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Titel: Gas Lighting for the Crown: An Analysis of the Use of Gas Lighting in the Festivities to Commemorate the Bonaparte and Bourbon Dynasties in Paris (France) and Madrid (Spain)
verfasst von: Antonio Rafael Fernández-Paradas
Nuria Rodríguez-Martín
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Buch: The Gas Sector in Latin Europe’s Industrial History
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-36673-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-36674-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36674-1_5

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